Question

我正在使用Tkinter的'grid（）'方法为我的python程序设计GUI。

有没有办法让小部件随主窗口缩放？

这是一个简短的例子：

from Tkinter import *

master = Tk()

Label(master, text="This is a test").grid(row=0, column=0)

mytext1 = Text(master, width=30, height=5)
mytext1.grid(row=1, column=0)

mytext2 = Text(master, width=30, height=5)
mytext2.grid(row=3, column=0)

master.mainloop()

我想要做的是在更改主窗口的大小时让小部件调整其大小。（对于如此小的GUI，它没有问题，但是当有很多小部件时，这是可取的。）

非常感谢任何帮助！

Answer 1

您可能希望将行/列配置为weight，以便在调整窗口大小时可以展开。此外，您希望小部件按sticky到其单元格的两侧。 frame行/列不仅需要weight，frame中的所有行和列也是如此，因此for循环。

from Tkinter import *

class MyFrame(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master):
        Frame.__init__(self, master)
        self.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=N+S+E+W)
        #Give the grid, column of the frame weight...
        Grid.rowconfigure(master, 0, weight=1)
        Grid.columnconfigure(master, 0, weight=1)
        self.create_widgets()

    def create_widgets(self):
        #Give the grid, column of each widget weight...
        for rows in xrange(3):
            Grid.rowconfigure(self, rows, weight=1)
        for columns in xrange(1):
            Grid.columnconfigure(self, columns, weight=1)

        self.label = Label(self, text="This is a test")
        self.label.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=N+S+E+W)

        self.mytext1 = Text(self, width=30, height=5)
        self.mytext1.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=N+S+E+W)

        self.mytext2 = Text(self, width=30, height=5)
        self.mytext2.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=N+S+E+W)


root = Tk()
app = MyFrame(root)
root.mainloop()

您的基本frame如下所示：

from Tkinter import *

#Sets up a frame
class MyApplication(Frame):

    #When a class is initialized, this is called as per any class 
    def __init__(self, master):

        #Similar to saying MyFrame = Frame(master)
        Frame.__init__(self, master)

        #Puts the frame on a grid. If you had two frames on one window, you would do the row, column keywords (or not...)
        self.grid()

        #Function to put the widgets on the frame. Can have any name!
        self.create_widgets()

    def create_widgets(self):
        label = Label(self, text='Hello World!')
        label.grid()

        button = Button(self, text='Press Me!', command=self.hello)
        button.grid()

   def hello(self):
        print "Hello World!"

root = Tk()
app = MyApplication(root)
root.mainloop()

任何Tkinter小部件都可以这样处理允许模板（我有一个程序，我需要多个具有相同行为的条目（单击清除默认文本，如果没有输入则单击关闭返回）而不是添加绑定到每一个，我能够创建一个行为相同的条目）并轻松实现toplevels（其他窗口）。以下是更复杂程序的示例：

class IntroScreen(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master):
        Frame.__init__(self, master)
        self.grid()
        self.title('Intro Screen')
        self.create_widgets()
        self.focus_force()

    def create_widgets(self):
        label = Label(self, text='Hello World!')
        label.grid()

        button = Button(self, text='Open Window', command=self.newWindow)
        button.grid()

   def newWindow(self):
        self.toplevel = InfoWindow()

#Like the frame, or any widget, this inherited from the parent widget
class InfoWindow(Toplevel):
    def __init__(self):
        Toplevel.__init__(self)
        self.grid()
        self.create_widgets()
        self.focus_force()

    def create_widgets(self):
        label = Label(self, text='This is a window!')
        label.grid()

root = Tk()
app = IntroScreen(root)
root.mainloop()

正如您所看到的，这增加了没有类的功能。在stackoverflow上寻找更多答案（我推荐Bryan Oakley的众多和信息丰富的答案）并在线进行一些研究，如果你打算进一步深入了解Tkinter的强大功能！

PS：这是一个很好的起点：Switch between two frames in tkinter

Answer 2

以下与不使用类相同。随着程序规模的增加，使用类更清晰，更有意义。请注意，我将标签的权重设置为0，这可以防止它扩展。您不必这样做，因为它是默认选项。这只是为了让您了解自己可以做些什么。

有关网格布局管理器的更多详细信息：http://www.tkdocs.com/tutorial/grid.html

from Tkinter import *

master = Tk()

Label(master, text="This is a test").grid(row=0, column=0)

mytext1 = Text(master, width=30,height=5)
mytext1.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="nsew")

mytext2 = Text(master, width=30,height=5)
mytext2.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky="nsew")

master.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
master.rowconfigure(0, weight=0) # not needed, this is the default behavior
master.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
master.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)

master.mainloop()

缩放Tkinter小部件

2 个答案: