Question

我有一个bash脚本查询postgresql数据库（fyi，它是一个SOGo群件数据库），并将一串文本转换为变量。变量的值（让我们称之为teststr）如下所示：

c_defaults ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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 {"SOGoTimeFormat": "%H:%M", "SOGoMailShowSubscribedFoldersOnly": "0", "SOGoMailSignaturePlacement": "below", "SOGoLanguage": "English", "SOGoDayEndTime": "18:00", "SOGoDefaultCalendar": "selected", "SOGoFirstWeekOfYear": "January1", "SOGoFirstDayOfWeek": "0", "SOGoTimeZone": "Asia\/Kolkata", "SOGoContactsCategories": ["Business Partner", "Colleague", "Competitor", "Customer", "Family", "Friend", "Press", "Provider", "VIP"], "Vacation": {"enabled": 0, "endDate": 1374690600, "autoReplyEmailAddresses": ["testuser@testdomain.com"], "ignoreLists": 1, "autoReplyText": "", "daysBetweenResponse": "7", "endDateEnabled": 0}, "SOGoCalendarTasksDefaultClassification": "PUBLIC", "SOGoMailSortByThreads": "0", "SOGoMailMessageCheck": "manually", "SOGoMailMessageForwarding": "inline", "SOGoLoginModule": "Mail", "SOGoCalendarCategoriesColors": {"Customer": "#aaa", "Calls": "#aaa", "Favorites": "#aaa", "Meeting": "#aaa", "Ideas": "#aaa", "Miscellaneous": "#aaa", "Birthday": "#aaa", "Anniversary": "#aaa", "Vacation": "#aaa", "Travel": "#aaa", "Projects": "#aaa", "Suppliers": "#aaa", "Gifts": "#aaa", "Clients": "#aaa", "Issues": "#aaa", "Business": "#aaa", "Holidays": "#aaa", "Personal": "#aaa", "Status": "#aaa", "Public Holiday": "#aaa", "Follow up": "#aaa", "Competition": "#aaa"}, "SOGoBusyOffHours": "0", "SOGoCalendarCategories": ["Customer", "Calls", "Favorites", "Meeting", "Ideas", "Miscellaneous", "Birthday", "Anniversary", "Vacation", "Travel", "Projects", "Suppliers", "Gifts", "Clients", "Issues", "Business", "Holidays", "Personal", "Status", "Competition", "Follow up", "Public Holiday"], "SOGoCalendarEventsDefaultClassification": "PUBLIC", "Forward": {"enabled": 1, "forwardAddress": ["testuser1@testdomain.com", "testuser2@testdomain.com"], "keepCopy": 1}, "SOGoRememberLastModule": "0", "SOGoMailReplyPlacement": "below", "SOGoMailDisplayRemoteInlineImages": "never", "SOGoSieveFilters": [{"actions": [{"method": "fileinto", "argument": "INBOX\/spam"}], "active": 1, "rules": [{"operator": "contains", "field": "subject", "value": "[SPAM]"}], "match": "any", "name": "spam"}, {"actions": [{"method": "fileinto", "argument": "INBOX\/spam"}], "active": 1, "rules": [{"operator": "contains", "field": "subject", "value": "TESTTEST"}], "match": "any", "name": "new"}], "SOGoDayStartTime": "08:00", "SOGoMailComposeMessageType": "text"} (1 row)

现在，我想要做的是从开头一直删除所有数据，直到开始大括号（即删除c_defaults和所有破折号和大括号开头前的一个空格）并删除数据在结束大括号后的结尾（即空白和'（1行）'字符串）。

最后，teststr字符串应该只有花括号内的值。是否有任何类型的正则表达式/ awking可用于编辑此字符串？

修改

我尝试了以下步骤：将名为teststr的变量写入文件。捕获并将文件从$ 3升级到$ 187（对于此示例）到另一个文件中并将其读入变量。但是大小并不总是保持不变，花大括号内的值肯定会随着用户保存更多选项而增加。

Answer 1

您可以使用sed删除第一个{以及}之后的所有内容：

sed -e 's/^[^{]*//g' -e 's/}[^}]*$/}/' file

Answer 2

使用sed进行就地编辑。（-i选项）。这可以从bash调用。

sed -i -e 's/c_defaults\s[-\s]+//g' filename

使用Perl进行就地编辑。（-i选项）。由bash调用。

> perl -pi -e 's/c_defaults\s[-\s]+//g' filename

Answer 3

您可以将容器与sed匹配：

sed -ne '/{.*}/{ s|^[^{]*\({.*}\)[^}]*$|\1|; p; }' file

如果你从命令中获取数据，你可以管它：

your_command a b | sed -ne '/{.*}/{ s|^[^{]*\({.*}\)[^}]*$|\1|; p; }'

并将其保存到变量：

VAR=$(your_command a b | sed -ne '/{.*}/{ s|^[^{]*\({.*}\)[^}]*$|\1|; p; }')

在bash脚本中编辑字符串变量

3 个答案: