为什么grep不给出匹配线？

Question

我刚刚注意到了

grep -rni 'a2}' *

不会给所有具有字符串a2} 匹配行的文档。为什么会这样？

我尝试创建一个最小的示例，但是当我创建一个新文件并粘贴内容时，它会失败。所以我已将文件上传到Git repository。也许这是一个编码问题。

该文件的内容是：

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\chapter{KV-Diagramme}
\label{chap:a2}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
  \PsTexAbbildungOhneCaption{figures/a2-1}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%%% Local Variables:
%%% mode: latex
%%% TeX-master: "skript"
%%% End:

grep -rni 'a2}' *的结果是

moose@pc08 ~/Downloads/algorithms/grep $ grep -rni "a2}" *
%%% End:master: "skript"%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

但我期待

moose@pc08 ~/Downloads/algorithms/grep $ grep -rni "a2}" *
\label{chap:a2}

为什么我会得到这个结果？

Answer 1

该文件具有CR行终止符，因此它看起来像一个单行文件：

#> file anhang-2.tex
anhang-2.tex: LaTeX document, ASCII text, with CR line terminators

将其转换为Linux格式：

#>  mac2unix anhang-2.tex
mac2unix: converting file anhang-2.tex to Unix format ...
#>  grep -rni 'a2}' anhang-2.tex 
3:\label{chap:a2}

Answer 2

这是因为您的文件使用的是Mac OS 9行结尾。您需要先转换为UNIX行结尾。如何执行此操作取决于您的方案，但您可以使用此文件执行一个文件：

tr '\r' '\n' < anhang-2.tex > anhang-2.txt

然后你就可以grep那个新文件了。