受到this answer中的构造的启发,我正在尝试执行以下操作:
values = range(3)
vector = np.random.randint(3, size=(5,))
f = lambda x: x in values
result = [f(a) for a in values]
但我得到global name 'values' is not defined
。
如果我尝试上面链接的解决方案,即:
,我会得到同样的错误A = [[0,1,2], [1,2,3], [2,3,4]]
v = [1,2]
B = [map(lambda val: val in v) for a in A]
自该解决方案发布以来,Python是否发生了变化? (我正在使用 2.7.4 )。如果是这样,我如何在lambda函数中访问外部变量?我应该宣布它是全球性的吗?把它作为另一个输入传递?
我只是在 IPython (1.0)中的嵌入式shell 中注意到这个问题。
GitHub上有关于该主题的IPython ticket,但目前还不清楚问题是否已经解决。
错误可以在django的shell中重现(感谢@Ashwini)
$ ./manage.py shell
Python 2.7.4 (default, Apr 19 2013, 18:32:33)
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
IPython 0.13.2 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
In [1]: import numpy as np
In [2]: values = range(3)
In [3]: vector = np.random.randint(3, size=(5,))
In [4]: f = lambda x: x in values
In [5]: result = [f(a) for a in values]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameError Traceback (most recent call last)
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/commands/shell.pyc in <module>()
----> 1 result = [f(a) for a in values]
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/commands/shell.pyc in <lambda>(x)
----> 1 f = lambda x: x in values
NameError: global name 'values' is not defined
In [6]: values
Out[6]: [0, 1, 2]
答案 0 :(得分:1)
我知道你的例子和bug报告中的代码在金字塔框架的交互式shell中成功运行(pshell,使用ipython 0.12!),但我记得以前遇到过这个问题。关键是,使用ipython&gt; = 0.11,它使用不同的代码。据我所知,0.10代码仍会有这个错误。
这是金字塔pshell.py
的简化摘录def make_ipython_v0_11_shell():
try:
from IPython.frontend.terminal.embed import (
InteractiveShellEmbed)
IPShellFactory = InteractiveShellEmbed
except ImportError:
return None
def shell(env, help):
IPShell = IPShellFactory(banner2=help + '\n', user_ns=env)
IPShell()
return shell
def make_ipython_v0_10_shell():
try:
from IPython.Shell import IPShellEmbed
IPShellFactory = IPShellEmbed
except ImportError:
return None
def shell(env, help):
IPShell = IPShellFactory(argv=[], user_ns=env)
IPShell.set_banner(IPShell.IP.BANNER + '\n' + help + '\n')
IPShell()
return shell