我在Maven项目中有2个测试，我在测试中开始使用Xvfb。 我想要实现的目标如下： - 启动Xvfb，使测试无头 - 运行测试。
但是当我开始工作时会发生什么： - 测试运行失败，因为他们找不到显示，因为xvfb没有运行 - Xvfb启动 - 测试再次运行
这是我的pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.pragmaticqa.tests</groupId>
<artifactId>functionalTests</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>functionalTests</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<displayProps>target/selenium/display.properties</displayProps>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-firefox-driver</artifactId>
<version>2.32.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
<version>2.32.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.testng</groupId>
<artifactId>testng</artifactId>
<version>6.8</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.surefire</groupId>
<artifactId>surefire</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<type>pom</type>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<!-- <pluginManagement> -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.eclipse.m2e</groupId>
<artifactId>lifecycle-mapping</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<configuration>
<lifecycleMappingMetadata>
<pluginExecutions>
<pluginExecution>
<pluginExecutionFilter>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectj-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<versionRange>[1.0,)</versionRange>
<goals>
<goal>test-compile</goal>
<goal>compile</goal>
</goals>
</pluginExecutionFilter>
<action>
<execute />
</action>
</pluginExecution>
</pluginExecutions>
</lifecycleMappingMetadata>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>xvfb</id>
<phase>pre-integration-test</phase>
<goals>
<goal>xvfb</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<display>:20</display>
</configuration>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>selenium</id>
<phase>pre-integration-test</phase>
<goals>
<goal>start-server</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<background>true</background>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<configuration>
<includes>
<include>**/*Test*.java</include>
</includes>
<systemPropertyVariables>
<!-- <display.props>${displayProps}</display.props> -->
<!-- <display>:21</display> -->
</systemPropertyVariables>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>integration-test</phase>
<goals>
<goal>test</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<skip>false</skip>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<!-- </pluginManagement> -->
</build>
</project>
这是我的testng.xml（我不知道它是否在maven项目中有一些作用）：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
<test name="NewTest" preserve-order="true">
<classes>
<class name="AppTest">
<methods>
<include name="aNewPlaceIsBornAndThenEdited" />
</methods>
</class>
<class name="AppTest2">
<methods>
<include name="twoUsersSignUp" />
</methods>
</class>
</classes>
</test>
我的github存储库包含一个带有目标文件夹的整个maven项目，其中总是存储测试类的一些副本。
我的jenkins工作设置：
控制台输出：
Building in workspace /mnt/www/jenkins/jobs/Integration tests/workspace
Checkout:workspace / /mnt/www/jenkins/jobs/Integration tests/workspace - hudson.remoting.LocalChannel@7cd2da43
Using strategy: Default
Last Built Revision: Revision ac0ccfc8f2d3ab2a8c079cddec073c03dfb57dce (origin/HEAD, origin/master)
Fetching changes from 1 remote Git repository
Fetching upstream changes from origin
Seen branch in repository origin/HEAD
Seen branch in repository origin/master
Seen 2 remote branches
Commencing build of Revision ac0ccfc8f2d3ab2a8c079cddec073c03dfb57dce (origin/HEAD, origin/master)
Checking out Revision ac0ccfc8f2d3ab2a8c079cddec073c03dfb57dce (origin/HEAD, origin/master)
Warning : There are multiple branch changesets here
Parsing POMs
[workspace] $ /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64/bin/java -Xms256m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m -Xmx256m -Djava.awt.headless=true -cp /mnt/www/jenkins/plugins/maven-plugin/WEB-INF/lib/maven3-agent-1.3.jar:/mnt/www/jenkins/tools/hudson.tasks.Maven_MavenInstallation/Maven_3.0.5/boot/plexus-classworlds-2.4.jar org.jvnet.hudson.maven3.agent.Maven3Main /mnt/www/jenkins/tools/hudson.tasks.Maven_MavenInstallation/Maven_3.0.5 /var/cache/jenkins/war/WEB-INF/lib/remoting-2.28.jar /mnt/www/jenkins/plugins/maven-plugin/WEB-INF/lib/maven3-interceptor-1.3.jar 60610
<===[JENKINS REMOTING CAPACITY]===>channel started
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.commons.beanutils.converters.BooleanConverter).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
Executing Maven: -B -f /mnt/www/jenkins/jobs/Integration tests/workspace/pom.xml install
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building functionalTests 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ functionalTests ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 1 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:2.3.2:compile (default-compile) @ functionalTests ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ functionalTests ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 1 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:2.3.2:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ functionalTests ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.5:test (default-test) @ functionalTests ---
[INFO] Surefire report directory: /mnt/www/jenkins/jobs/Integration tests/workspace/target/surefire-reports
-------------------------------------------------------
T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
Running TestSuite
org.openqa.selenium.firefox.NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms. Firefox console output:
Error: cannot open display: :20
Error: cannot open display: :20
at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:106)
at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.startClient(FirefoxDriver.java:244)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:110)
at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:188)
at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:183)
at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:179)
at com.pragmaticqa.tests.AppTestData.setUp(AppTestData.java:37)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616)
at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:80)
at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeDataProvider(MethodInvocationHelper.java:117)
at org.testng.internal.Parameters.handleParameters(Parameters.java:426)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.handleParameters(Invoker.java:1383)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.createParameters(Invoker.java:1075)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1180)
at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:127)
at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:111)
at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:767)
at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:617)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:334)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:329)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:291)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:240)
at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)
at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1198)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1123)
at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1031)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.TestNGExecutor.run(TestNGExecutor.java:62)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.TestNGDirectoryTestSuite.execute(TestNGDirectoryTestSuite.java:141)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.Surefire.run(Surefire.java:180)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireBooter.runSuitesInProcess(SurefireBooter.java:350)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireBooter.main(SurefireBooter.java:1021)
org.openqa.selenium.firefox.NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms. Firefox console output:
Error: cannot open display: :20
Error: cannot open display: :20
at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:106)
at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.startClient(FirefoxDriver.java:244)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:110)
at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:188)
at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:183)
at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:179)
at com.pragmaticqa.tests.AppTestData.setUp(AppTestData.java:37)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616)
at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:80)
at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeDataProvider(MethodInvocationHelper.java:117)
at org.testng.internal.Parameters.handleParameters(Parameters.java:426)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.handleParameters(Invoker.java:1383)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.createParameters(Invoker.java:1075)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1180)
at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:127)
at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:111)
at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:767)
at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:617)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:334)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:329)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:291)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:240)
at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)
at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1198)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1123)
at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1031)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.TestNGExecutor.run(TestNGExecutor.java:62)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.TestNGDirectoryTestSuite.execute(TestNGDirectoryTestSuite.java:141)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.Surefire.run(Surefire.java:180)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireBooter.runSuitesInProcess(SurefireBooter.java:350)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireBooter.main(SurefireBooter.java:1021)
Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 2, Time elapsed: 93.916 sec
Results :
Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 2
[JENKINS] Recording test results
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.3.2:jar (default-jar) @ functionalTests ---
[INFO] Building jar: /mnt/www/jenkins/jobs/Integration tests/workspace/target/functionalTests-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO]
[INFO] --- selenium-maven-plugin:2.3:xvfb (xvfb) @ functionalTests ---
[INFO] Starting Xvfb...
[INFO] Using display: :20
[INFO] Using Xauthority file: /tmp/Xvfb450292168912752014.Xauthority
Deleting: /tmp/Xvfb450292168912752014.Xauthority
xauth: file /tmp/Xvfb450292168912752014.Xauthority does not exist
Launching Xvfb
Waiting for Xvfb...
[INFO] Redirecting output to: /mnt/www/jenkins/jobs/Integration tests/workspace/target/selenium/xvfb.log
Xvfb started
[INFO]
[INFO] --- selenium-maven-plugin:2.3:start-server (selenium) @ functionalTests ---
Launching Selenium Server
Waiting for Selenium Server...
[INFO] Including display properties from: /mnt/www/jenkins/jobs/Integration tests/workspace/target/selenium/display.properties
[INFO] User extensions: /mnt/www/jenkins/jobs/Integration tests/workspace/target/selenium/user-extensions.js
08:51:30,509 INFO [org.openqa.selenium.server.SeleniumServer] Java: Sun Microsystems Inc. 20.0-b12
08:51:30,510 INFO [org.openqa.selenium.server.SeleniumServer] OS: Linux 3.2.0-31-virtual amd64
08:51:30,521 INFO [org.openqa.selenium.server.SeleniumServer] v2.21.0, with Core v2.21.0. Built from revision 16551
08:51:30,793 INFO [org.openqa.selenium.server.SeleniumServer] RemoteWebDriver instances should connect to: http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub
08:51:30,795 INFO [org.openqa.jetty.http.HttpServer] Version Jetty/5.1.x
08:51:30,796 INFO [org.openqa.jetty.util.Container] Started HttpContext[/selenium-server/driver,/selenium-server/driver]
08:51:30,797 INFO [org.openqa.jetty.util.Container] Started HttpContext[/selenium-server,/selenium-server]
08:51:30,797 INFO [org.openqa.jetty.util.Container] Started HttpContext[/,/]
08:51:30,951 INFO [org.openqa.jetty.util.Container] Started org.openqa.jetty.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler@6a8c436b
08:51:30,951 INFO [org.openqa.jetty.util.Container] Started HttpContext[/wd,/wd]
08:51:30,957 INFO [org.openqa.jetty.http.SocketListener] Started SocketListener on 0.0.0.0:4444
08:51:30,957 INFO [org.openqa.jetty.util.Container] Started org.openqa.jetty.jetty.Server@1bc74f37
08:51:31.693 INFO - Checking Resource aliases
Selenium Server started
[INFO] [INFO] Surefire report directory: /mnt/www/jenkins/jobs/Integration tests/workspace/target/surefire-reports
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.5:test (default) @ functionalTests ---
-------------------------------------------------------
T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
Running TestSuite
Tests run: 2, Failures: 2, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 319.362 sec <<< FAILURE!
[JENKINS] Recording test results
Results :
Failed tests:
aNewPlaceIsBornAndThenEdited(com.pragmaticqa.tests.AppTest)
twoUsersSignUp(com.pragmaticqa.tests.AppTest2)
Tests run: 2, Failures: 2, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
[ERROR] There are test failures.
Please refer to /mnt/www/jenkins/jobs/Integration tests/workspace/target/surefire-reports for the individual test results.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.3.1:install (default-install) @ functionalTests ---
[INFO] Installing /mnt/www/jenkins/jobs/Integration tests/workspace/target/functionalTests-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar to /var/lib/jenkins/.m2/repository/com/pragmaticqa/tests/functionalTests/1.0-SNAPSHOT/functionalTests-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing /mnt/www/jenkins/jobs/Integration tests/workspace/pom.xml to /var/lib/jenkins/.m2/repository/com/pragmaticqa/tests/functionalTests/1.0-SNAPSHOT/functionalTests-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 7:11.329s
[INFO] Finished at: Fri Aug 02 08:56:53 UTC 2013
[INFO] Final Memory: 16M/247M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[JENKINS] Archiving /mnt/www/jenkins/jobs/Integration tests/workspace/pom.xml to /mnt/www/jenkins/jobs/Integration tests/modules/com.pragmaticqa.tests$functionalTests/builds/2013-08-02_08-49-31/archive/com.pragmaticqa.tests/functionalTests/1.0-SNAPSHOT/functionalTests-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[JENKINS] Archiving /mnt/www/jenkins/jobs/Integration tests/workspace/target/functionalTests-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar to /mnt/www/jenkins/jobs/Integration tests/modules/com.pragmaticqa.tests$functionalTests/builds/2013-08-02_08-49-31/archive/com.pragmaticqa.tests/functionalTests/1.0-SNAPSHOT/functionalTests-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
Waiting for Jenkins to finish collecting data
channel stopped
Finished: SUCCESS
答案 0 :(得分：3)
在某个阶段看起来正在运行测试，我们有机会通过将skip配置为true来阻止它们再次运行
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>integration-test</phase>
<goals>
<goal>test</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<skip>false</skip>
</configuration>
</execution>