我使用m2e在eclipse中有一个maven项目。我在起诉春天。当maven构建jar文件时，我将所有依赖项jar复制到文件夹dependency-jars。我在这里是怎么做的。
<build>
<!-- to avoid maven-dependency-plugin (goals “copy-dependencies”, “unpack”) is not supported by m2e error -->
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<!-- Ignore/Execute plugin execution -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.eclipse.m2e</groupId>
<artifactId>lifecycle-mapping</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<configuration>
<lifecycleMappingMetadata>
<pluginExecutions>
<!-- copy-dependency plugin -->
<pluginExecution>
<pluginExecutionFilter>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<versionRange>[1.0.0,)</versionRange>
<goals>
<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
</goals>
</pluginExecutionFilter>
<action>
<ignore />
</action>
</pluginExecution>
</pluginExecutions>
</lifecycleMappingMetadata>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<!-- Maven compiler plugin
If you run the code maven package now, Maven will package this Java project into a jar file
named “test-1.0.0.jar“, in target folder.
-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven-compiler-plugin.version}</version>
<configuration>
<source>${java-version}</source>
<target>${java-version}</target>
<compilerArgument>-Xlint:all</compilerArgument>
<showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
<showDeprecation>true</showDeprecation>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- To make jar file like a exe file, you need to define a manifest file and declare the application
entry point inside via maven-jar-plugin in pom.xml.
-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven-jar-plugin.version}</version>
<!-- The configuration of the plugin -->
<configuration>
<!-- Configuration of the archiver -->
<archive>
<!-- Manifest specific configuration -->
<manifest>
<!-- Classpath is added to the manifest of the created jar file. -->
<addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
<!--
Configures the classpath prefix. This configuration option is
used to specify that all needed libraries are found under dependency-jars/
directory.
Use “classpathPrefix” to specify folder name in which all properties will be placed.
-->
<classpathPrefix>dependency-jars/</classpathPrefix>
<!-- Specifies the main class of the application -->
<mainClass>pk.training.basitMahmood.BatchImport</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- uses maven-dependency-plugin to copy all dependencies to "target/dependency-jars/" folder, and
defines the dependency classpath with maven-jar-plugin
-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven-dependency-plugin.version}</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-dependencies</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<includeGroupIds>
log4j, org.slf4j, org.springframework, commons-net, commons-collections,
org.apache.commons, javax.mail, org.apache.velocity, commons-logging
</includeGroupIds>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/dependency-jars/</outputDirectory>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
直到事情还可以。现在我有2个属性文件，我不想包含在JAR中，因为我不想每次在更改属性文件后都要制作jar。我希望属性文件不在jar中，并且它们的条目被添加到Manifest中，每次我执行jar时，它只是从jar文件的外侧读取属性。为此，我尝试了下面的一些事情。但我坚持如何定义<manifest>中的路径，我已经为dependency-jars定义了路径。在这里我做了什么，但后来我的程序没有运行。
<build>
<!-- To exclude any file from a jar / target directory you can use the <exludes> tag in your pom.xml.
all files with extention .properties will not be included:
-->
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>${basedir}/src/main/java/pk/training/basitMahmood/util</directory>
<filtering>false</filtering>
<excludes>
<exclude>*.properties</exclude>
</excludes>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources/email</directory>
<filtering>false</filtering>
<excludes>
<exclude>*.properties</exclude>
</excludes>
</resource>
</resources>
<!-- to avoid maven-dependency-plugin (goals “copy-dependencies”, “unpack”) is not supported by m2e error -->
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<!-- Ignore/Execute plugin execution -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.eclipse.m2e</groupId>
<artifactId>lifecycle-mapping</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<configuration>
<lifecycleMappingMetadata>
<pluginExecutions>
<!-- copy-dependency plugin -->
<pluginExecution>
<pluginExecutionFilter>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<versionRange>[1.0.0,)</versionRange>
<goals>
<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
</goals>
</pluginExecutionFilter>
<action>
<ignore />
</action>
</pluginExecution>
<!-- maven-antrun-plugin -->
<pluginExecution>
<pluginExecutionFilter>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
<versionRange>[1.0.0,)</versionRange>
<goals>
<goal>run</goal>
</goals>
</pluginExecutionFilter>
<action>
<ignore />
</action>
</pluginExecution>
</pluginExecutions>
</lifecycleMappingMetadata>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<!-- Maven compiler plugin
If you run the code maven package now, Maven will package this Java project into a jar file
named “test-1.0.0.jar“, in target folder.
-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven-compiler-plugin.version}</version>
<configuration>
<source>${java-version}</source>
<target>${java-version}</target>
<compilerArgument>-Xlint:all</compilerArgument>
<showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
<showDeprecation>true</showDeprecation>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- To make jar file like a exe file, you need to define a manifest file and declare the application
entry point inside via maven-jar-plugin in pom.xml.
-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven-jar-plugin.version}</version>
<!-- The configuration of the plugin -->
<configuration>
<!-- Configuration of the archiver -->
<archive>
<!-- Manifest specific configuration -->
<manifest>
<!-- Classpath is added to the manifest of the created jar file. -->
<addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
<!--
Configures the classpath prefix. This configuration option is
used to specify that all needed libraries are found under dependency-jars/
directory.
Use “classpathPrefix” to specify folder name in which all properties will be placed.
-->
<classpathPrefix>dependency-jars/</classpathPrefix>
<!-- Specifies the main class of the application -->
<mainClass>pk.training.basitMahmood.BatchImport</mainClass>
</manifest>
<!-- Use “Class-Path” to specify the folder. “.” Indicate current folder, while
“propertiesFiles” specifies “propertiesFiles” folder in same directory as JAR.
-->
<manifestEntries>
<Class-Path>.propertiesFiles</Class-Path>
</manifestEntries>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- uses maven-dependency-plugin to copy all dependencies to "target/dependency-jars/" folder, and
defines the dependency classpath with maven-jar-plugin
-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven-dependency-plugin.version}</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-dependencies</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<includeGroupIds>
log4j, org.slf4j, org.springframework, commons-net, commons-collections,
org.apache.commons, javax.mail, org.apache.velocity, commons-logging
</includeGroupIds>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/dependency-jars/</outputDirectory>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<!-- Move property files out of JAR and put in a directory say “target/properties-files” -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven-antrun-plugin.version}</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>validate</phase>
<goals>
<goal>run</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<tasks>
<copy todir="target/properties-files" overwrite="true">
<fileset dir="src/main/java/pk/training/basitMahmood/util">
<include name="*.properties"/>
</fileset>
<fileset dir="src/main/resources/email">
<include name="*.properties"/>
</fileset>
</copy>
</tasks>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
当我尝试运行程序时使用此配置，然后我收到错误
IOException parsing XML document from class path resource
[spring/app-context-xml.xml]; nested exception is
java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource
[spring/app-context-xml.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist
有时我会收到错误
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: pk/training/basitMahmood/BatchImport
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: pk.training.basitMahmood.BatchImport
虽然使用之前的配置（即只有jar复制），但一切正常
我做错了什么？我怎样才能实现我想要的？请帮忙
由于
答案 0 :(得分：0)
我之前遇到同样的问题，我使用maven-shade-plugin解决了这个问题 我的样本：
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>shade</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<finalName>${final.package.name}</finalName>
<artifactSet>
<excludes>
</excludes>
</artifactSet>
<filters>
<filter>
<artifact>*</artifact>
<excludes>
<exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
<exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
<exclude>META-INF/*.INF</exclude>
</excludes>
</filter>
</filters>
<transformers>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
<resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource>
</transformer>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
<resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource>
</transformer>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
<manifestEntries>
<mainClass>mainClass</mainClass>
<Version>${project.version}</Version>
<Codename>codename</Codename>
<Build-Time>${maven.build.timestamp}</Build-Time>
</manifestEntries>
</transformer>
</transformers>
</configuration>
</plugin>