使用matplotlib按时间序列自定义日期范围(x轴)

时间:2013-08-01 07:15:50

标签: python matplotlib time-series

我绘制时间序列的代码是:

def plot_series(x, y):
    fig, ax = plt.subplots()
    ax.plot_date(x, y, fmt='g--') # x = array of dates, y = array of numbers

    fig.autofmt_xdate()
    plt.grid(True)
    plt.show()

我有几千个数据点,所以matplotlib创建了3个月的x轴范围。这就是我现在的时间序列:

enter image description here

然而,我想要每周/每两周播放一次。如何更改matplotlib计算x轴日期范围的方式,由于我有近1年的数据,如何确保所有数据都能很好地适用于单个图表?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:7)

要更改x轴上的刻度线频率,必须设置其定位器。

要为每周的每个星期一设置标记,您可以使用matplotlib的WeekdayLocator模块提供的dates

(未经测试的代码)

from matplotlib.dates import WeekdayLocator

def plot_series(x, y):
    fig, ax = plt.subplots()
    ax.plot_date(x, y, fmt='g--') # x = array of dates, y = array of numbers        

    fig.autofmt_xdate()

    # For tickmarks and ticklabels every week
    ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(WeekdayLocator(byweekday=MO))

    # For tickmarks and ticklabels every other week
    #ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(WeekdayLocator(byweekday=MO, interval=2))

    plt.grid(True)
    plt.show()

当仅使用一个绘图时,这可能会在x轴上有点拥挤,因为这会产生大约52个刻度。

一个可能的解决方法是每周 n - 星期(例如每4周)都有一个ticklabel,并且每周只有tickmarks(即没有ticklabels):

from matplotlib.dates import WeekdayLocator

def plot_series(x, y):
    fig, ax = plt.subplots()
    ax.plot_date(x, y, fmt='g--') # x = array of dates, y = array of numbers        

    fig.autofmt_xdate()

    # For tickmarks and ticklabels every fourth week
    ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(WeekdayLocator(byweekday=MO, interval=4))

    # For tickmarks (no ticklabel) every week
    ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(WeekdayLocator(byweekday=MO))

    # Grid for both major and minor ticks
    plt.grid(True, which='both')
    plt.show()