在Python 2.7中实现Karger Min Cut时出错

时间:2013-08-01 03:50:06

标签: python

在Python中实现Karger Min Cut算法时遇到了死锁。我弄坏了我的头,但仍然无法弄清楚为什么我的实施不起作用,而它可以正常使用铅笔和纸...

考虑具有四个节点1,2,3,4和五个边缘的图表

[1, 2], [1, 3], [2, 3], [2, 4], [3, 4]

在python中,我用两个列表表示它们:

nodes = [1, 2, 3, 4]
edges = [[1, 2], [1, 3], [2, 3], [2, 4], [3, 4]]

我的想法是:随机选择边缘,说[1, 3],折叠它,从节点列表中删除node = 3,就好像3合并为1一样,并从边列表中删除边[1, 3]

现在这两个列表如下:

nodes = [1, 2, 4]
edges = [[1, 2], [2, 3], [2, 4], [3, 4]]

当3合并为1时,边缘列表将进一步更新为

edges = [[1, 2], [2, 1], [2, 4], [1, 4]] 

将结果边列表中的全部3更改为1.

这样就完成了第一个循环。

在第二个循环中,假设从边列表中随机选择边[1, 2],然后重复上面的步骤,以便

nodes = [1, 4]
edges = [[2, 1], [2, 4], [1, 4]] 

进一步更改为[[1, 1], [1, 4], [1, 4]]。由于[1, 1]表示自循环,因此会将其删除,此轮次的结果边列表为[[1, 4], [1, 4]]

当节点数为2时,过程结束,最小切割次数为2,即最终边缘列表的长度。

所以我在Python中的实现如下:

import numpy as np


nodes = []
edges = []


f = open("kargerMinCut.txt", "r")
# The txt file has the form of an adjacency list
# The link to the txt file is at the very end          

for l in f:
    v = l.split()
    # The first element of each line is a (distinct)
    # vertex and is appended to nodes list.    
    nodes.append(int(v[0]))
    for u in v[1:]:
        # Edges list has the form as described in my 4 nodes example
        # above, which is unlike what in an typical adjacency list for
        # an undirected graph is. Here, if node 1 and node 2 share 
        # an edge, then edge [1, 2] only appears once in the "edges"
        # list, edge [2, 1] is not, which is why I used "set" below.
        edge = [int(v[0])]
        edge.append(int(u))
        count = 0
        for edg in edges:
            if (set(edg) == set(edge)):
                count += 1
        if (count == 0):
            edges.append(edge)

f.close()


while (len(nodes) > 2):
    # Number of current edges
    m = len(edges)
    # Choose a random edge uniformly 
    idx = np.random.randint(m)
    edgeChosen = edges[idx]
    # Two corresponding nodes of the chosen edge
    i = edgeChosen[0]
    j = edgeChosen[1]

    # Remove the second one from nodes list
    nodes.remove(j)
    # Remove the chosen edge from edges list
    del edges[idx]

    # Change all "j"s to "i"
    for ed in edges:
        for e in ed:
            if e == j:
                e = i

    # Remove those [i, i] edges (self loop)
    for ed in edges[:]:
        if len(set(ed)) == 1:
            edges.remove(ed)


print len(edges)

这只是Karger Min Cut算法的一次运行。虽然while循环中的循环效率很低,但我只是想尝试一下这个想法。我在200个节点和2000多个边缘的输入上试验了上面的代码。

但无论我做了什么,Python在成功删除几个节点和边缘后都会出现以下错误:

nodes.remove(j)
ValueError: list.remove(x): x not in list

这很有趣。如果x不在节点列表中,则表示x是先前包含在所选边缘中的“j”之一,并且被删除或更改为相应的“i”。

但是,我找不到我的代码有什么问题。我错过了什么吗?有什么想法吗?非常感谢。

链接到数据文件(非常感谢GitHub上的nischayn22):https://github.com/nischayn22/PythonScripts/blob/master/kargerMinCut.txt

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

这是一个非常基本的工作版本。这段代码可以通过很多方式得到改进,但它可以工作,并且应该指导您如何正确地做事。

from random import randint

nodes = [1,2,3,4]
edges = [[1, 2], [1, 3], [2, 3], [2, 4], [3, 4]]


while (len(nodes) > 2):
    target_edge = edges[randint(0, len(edges) - 1)]
    replace_with = target_edge[0]
    num_to_replace = target_edge[1]
    for edge in edges:
        if(edge[0] == num_to_replace):
            edge[0] = replace_with
        if(edge[1] == num_to_replace):
            edge[1] = replace_with
    edges.remove(target_edge)
    nodes.remove(num_to_replace)
    #remove self loops
    for edge in edges:
        if(edge[0] == edge[1]):
            edges.remove(edge)
    print(edges)

print(nodes)
print(edges)

答案 1 :(得分:0)

产生错误的代码的实际部分是

edgeChosen = edges[idx]
i = edgeChosen[0]
j = edgeChosen[1]

j不在节点中。

如果您发布完整代码,我们可以提供更多帮助。