在Python中实现Karger Min Cut算法时遇到了死锁。我弄坏了我的头,但仍然无法弄清楚为什么我的实施不起作用,而它可以正常使用铅笔和纸...
考虑具有四个节点1,2,3,4和五个边缘的图表
[1, 2], [1, 3], [2, 3], [2, 4], [3, 4]
。
在python中,我用两个列表表示它们:
nodes = [1, 2, 3, 4]
edges = [[1, 2], [1, 3], [2, 3], [2, 4], [3, 4]]
我的想法是:随机选择边缘,说[1, 3]
,折叠它,从节点列表中删除node = 3
,就好像3合并为1一样,并从边列表中删除边[1, 3]
现在这两个列表如下:
nodes = [1, 2, 4]
edges = [[1, 2], [2, 3], [2, 4], [3, 4]]
当3合并为1时,边缘列表将进一步更新为
edges = [[1, 2], [2, 1], [2, 4], [1, 4]]
将结果边列表中的全部3更改为1.
这样就完成了第一个循环。
在第二个循环中,假设从边列表中随机选择边[1, 2]
,然后重复上面的步骤,以便
nodes = [1, 4]
edges = [[2, 1], [2, 4], [1, 4]]
进一步更改为[[1, 1], [1, 4], [1, 4]]
。由于[1, 1]
表示自循环,因此会将其删除,此轮次的结果边列表为[[1, 4], [1, 4]]
当节点数为2时,过程结束,最小切割次数为2,即最终边缘列表的长度。
所以我在Python中的实现如下:
import numpy as np
nodes = []
edges = []
f = open("kargerMinCut.txt", "r")
# The txt file has the form of an adjacency list
# The link to the txt file is at the very end
for l in f:
v = l.split()
# The first element of each line is a (distinct)
# vertex and is appended to nodes list.
nodes.append(int(v[0]))
for u in v[1:]:
# Edges list has the form as described in my 4 nodes example
# above, which is unlike what in an typical adjacency list for
# an undirected graph is. Here, if node 1 and node 2 share
# an edge, then edge [1, 2] only appears once in the "edges"
# list, edge [2, 1] is not, which is why I used "set" below.
edge = [int(v[0])]
edge.append(int(u))
count = 0
for edg in edges:
if (set(edg) == set(edge)):
count += 1
if (count == 0):
edges.append(edge)
f.close()
while (len(nodes) > 2):
# Number of current edges
m = len(edges)
# Choose a random edge uniformly
idx = np.random.randint(m)
edgeChosen = edges[idx]
# Two corresponding nodes of the chosen edge
i = edgeChosen[0]
j = edgeChosen[1]
# Remove the second one from nodes list
nodes.remove(j)
# Remove the chosen edge from edges list
del edges[idx]
# Change all "j"s to "i"
for ed in edges:
for e in ed:
if e == j:
e = i
# Remove those [i, i] edges (self loop)
for ed in edges[:]:
if len(set(ed)) == 1:
edges.remove(ed)
print len(edges)
这只是Karger Min Cut算法的一次运行。虽然while循环中的循环效率很低,但我只是想尝试一下这个想法。我在200个节点和2000多个边缘的输入上试验了上面的代码。
但无论我做了什么,Python在成功删除几个节点和边缘后都会出现以下错误:
nodes.remove(j)
ValueError: list.remove(x): x not in list
这很有趣。如果x
不在节点列表中,则表示x
是先前包含在所选边缘中的“j”之一,并且被删除或更改为相应的“i”。
但是,我找不到我的代码有什么问题。我错过了什么吗?有什么想法吗?非常感谢。
链接到数据文件(非常感谢GitHub上的nischayn22):https://github.com/nischayn22/PythonScripts/blob/master/kargerMinCut.txt
答案 0 :(得分:1)
这是一个非常基本的工作版本。这段代码可以通过很多方式得到改进,但它可以工作,并且应该指导您如何正确地做事。
from random import randint
nodes = [1,2,3,4]
edges = [[1, 2], [1, 3], [2, 3], [2, 4], [3, 4]]
while (len(nodes) > 2):
target_edge = edges[randint(0, len(edges) - 1)]
replace_with = target_edge[0]
num_to_replace = target_edge[1]
for edge in edges:
if(edge[0] == num_to_replace):
edge[0] = replace_with
if(edge[1] == num_to_replace):
edge[1] = replace_with
edges.remove(target_edge)
nodes.remove(num_to_replace)
#remove self loops
for edge in edges:
if(edge[0] == edge[1]):
edges.remove(edge)
print(edges)
print(nodes)
print(edges)
答案 1 :(得分:0)
产生错误的代码的实际部分是
edgeChosen = edges[idx]
i = edgeChosen[0]
j = edgeChosen[1]
j
不在节点中。
如果您发布完整代码,我们可以提供更多帮助。