出于学习目的，我在openstack上构建了VirtualBox，其中包含2个vCPU和4GB内存。它安装成功，我能够启动VM实例，但发生的情况是客户虚拟机在几分钟后获得SHUTOFF状态。我有谷歌这个问题，但没有得到正确的答案。我有检查日志，我没有发现任何可疑的东西。
如何查看VM控制台，以便我可以看到其中发生了什么？
我应该在哪里检查SHUTOFF特定的错误日志，我的意思是在哪个文件中？
修改
以下是nova console-log的输出，但是它没有继续前进，我也看不到登录屏幕
openstack@openstack1:~$ nova console-log 970a3722-0fb3-4db6-862b-2aa626cc68a8
[ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset
[ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu
[ 0.000000] Linux version 3.0.0-12-virtual (buildd@crested) (gcc version 4.6.1 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.1-9ubuntu3) ) #20-Ubuntu SMP Fri Oct 7 18:19:02 UTC 2011 (Ubuntu 3.0.0-12.20-virtual 3.0.4)
[ 0.000000] Command line: LABEL=cirros-rootfs ro console=tty0 console=ttyS0 console=hvc0
[ 0.000000] KERNEL supported cpus:
[ 0.000000] Intel GenuineIntel
[ 0.000000] AMD AuthenticAMD
[ 0.000000] Centaur CentaurHauls
[ 0.000000] BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 0000000000000000 - 000000000009dc00 (usable)
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 000000000009dc00 - 00000000000a0000 (reserved)
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000000f0000 - 0000000000100000 (reserved)
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 0000000000100000 - 000000001fffd000 (usable)
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 000000001fffd000 - 0000000020000000 (reserved)
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000fffc0000 - 0000000100000000 (reserved)
[ 0.000000] NX (Execute Disable) protection: active
[ 0.000000] DMI 2.4 present.
[ 0.000000] No AGP bridge found
[ 0.000000] last_pfn = 0x1fffd max_arch_pfn = 0x400000000
[ 0.000000] x86 PAT enabled: cpu 0, old 0x7040600070406, new 0x7010600070106
[ 0.000000] found SMP MP-table at [ffff8800000fdaf0] fdaf0
[ 0.000000] init_memory_mapping: 0000000000000000-000000001fffd000
[ 0.000000] RAMDISK: 1fdf9000 - 1ffed000
[ 0.000000] ACPI: RSDP 00000000000fd990 00014 (v00 BOCHS )
[ 0.000000] ACPI: RSDT 000000001fffd7b0 00034 (v01 BOCHS BXPCRSDT 00000001 BXPC 00000001)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: FACP 000000001fffff80 00074 (v01 BOCHS BXPCFACP 00000001 BXPC 00000001)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: DSDT 000000001fffd9b0 02589 (v01 BXPC BXDSDT 00000001 INTL 20100528)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: FACS 000000001fffff40 00040
[ 0.000000] ACPI: SSDT 000000001fffd910 0009E (v01 BOCHS BXPCSSDT 00000001 BXPC 00000001)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: APIC 000000001fffd830 00072 (v01 BOCHS BXPCAPIC 00000001 BXPC 00000001)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: HPET 000000001fffd7f0 00038 (v01 BOCHS BXPCHPET 00000001 BXPC 00000001)
[ 0.000000] No NUMA configuration found
[ 0.000000] Faking a node at 0000000000000000-000000001fffd000
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 0000000000000000-000000001fffd000
[ 0.000000] NODE_DATA [000000001fff5000 - 000000001fff9fff]
[ 0.000000] Zone PFN ranges:
[ 0.000000] DMA 0x00000010 -> 0x00001000
[ 0.000000] DMA32 0x00001000 -> 0x00100000
[ 0.000000] Normal empty
[ 0.000000] Movable zone start PFN for each node
[ 0.000000] early_node_map[2] active PFN ranges
[ 0.000000] 0: 0x00000010 -> 0x0000009d
[ 0.000000] 0: 0x00000100 -> 0x0001fffd
[ 0.000000] ACPI: PM-Timer IO Port: 0xb008
[ 0.000000] ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x00] lapic_id[0x00] enabled)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: IOAPIC (id[0x01] address[0xfec00000] gsi_base[0])
[ 0.000000] IOAPIC[0]: apic_id 1, version 17, address 0xfec00000, GSI 0-23
[ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 0 global_irq 2 dfl dfl)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 5 global_irq 5 high level)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 9 global_irq 9 high level)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 10 global_irq 10 high level)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 11 global_irq 11 high level)
[ 0.000000] Using ACPI (MADT) for SMP configuration information
[ 0.000000] ACPI: HPET id: 0x8086a201 base: 0xfed00000
[ 0.000000] SMP: Allowing 1 CPUs, 0 hotplug CPUs
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: 000000000009d000 - 000000000009e000
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: 000000000009e000 - 00000000000a0000
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000000a0000 - 00000000000f0000
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000000f0000 - 0000000000100000
[ 0.000000] Allocating PCI resources starting at 20000000 (gap: 20000000:dffc0000)
[ 0.000000] Booting paravirtualized kernel on bare hardware
[ 0.000000] setup_percpu: NR_CPUS:64 nr_cpumask_bits:64 nr_cpu_ids:1 nr_node_ids:1
[ 0.000000] PERCPU: Embedded 27 pages/cpu @ffff88001fa00000 s79296 r8192 d23104 u2097152
[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Node order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 129157
[ 0.000000] Policy zone: DMA32
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: LABEL=cirros-rootfs ro console=tty0 console=ttyS0 console=hvc0
[ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Checking aperture...
[ 0.000000] No AGP bridge found
[ 0.000000] Memory: 497852k/524276k available (6206k kernel code, 460k absent, 25964k reserved, 6907k data, 900k init)
[ 0.000000] SLUB: Genslabs=15, HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
[ 0.000000] Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[ 0.000000] RCU dyntick-idle grace-period acceleration is enabled.
[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS:4352 nr_irqs:256 16
[ 0.000000] Console: colour VGA+ 80x25
[ 0.000000] console [tty0] enabled
[ 0.000000] console [ttyS0] enabled
[ 0.000000] allocated 4194304 bytes of page_cgroup
[ 0.000000] please try 'cgroup_disable=memory' option if you don't want memory cgroups
[ 0.000000] Fast TSC calibration failed
[ 0.000000] TSC: Unable to calibrate against PIT
[ 0.000000] TSC: using PMTIMER reference calibration
[ 0.000000] Detected 2486.018 MHz processor.
[ 0.024490] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 4972.03 BogoMIPS (lpj=9944072)
[ 0.025939] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[ 0.029903] Security Framework initialized
[ 0.033041] AppArmor: AppArmor initialized
[ 0.033539] Yama: becoming mindful.
[ 0.037514] Dentry cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[ 0.039560] Inode-cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 6, 262144 bytes)
[ 0.040693] Mount-cache hash table entries: 256
[ 0.054301] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct
[ 0.054957] Initializing cgroup subsys memory
[ 0.056108] Initializing cgroup subsys devices
[ 0.056838] Initializing cgroup subsys freezer
[ 0.057341] Initializing cgroup subsys net_cls
[ 0.057824] Initializing cgroup subsys blkio
[ 0.058338] Initializing cgroup subsys perf_event
[ 0.060182] mce: CPU supports 10 MCE banks
[ 0.062116] SMP alternatives: switching to UP code
[ 0.236105] Freeing SMP alternatives: 24k freed
[ 0.237129] ACPI: Core revision 20110413
[ 0.270578] ftrace: allocating 26075 entries in 103 pages
[ 0.289821] ..TIMER: vector=0x30 apic1=0 pin1=2 apic2=-1 pin2=-1
[ 0.332667] CPU0: AMD QEMU Virtual CPU version 1.0 stepping 03
[ 0.336020] APIC calibration not consistent with PM-Timer: 103ms instead of 100ms
[ 0.336020] APIC delta adjusted to PM-Timer: 6249961 (6456813)
[ 0.336020] Performance Events: Broken PMU hardware detected, using software events only.
[ 0.341160] Brought up 1 CPUs
[ 0.341596] Total of 1 processors activated (4972.03 BogoMIPS).
[ 0.348508] devtmpfs: initialized
[ 0.370265] print_constraints: dummy:
[ 0.370818] Time: 22:32:35 Date: 07/31/13
[ 0.373184] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[ 0.377862] ACPI: bus type pci registered
[ 0.379805] PCI: Using configuration type 1 for base access
[ 0.394436] bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0
[ 0.441293] ACPI: Interpreter enabled
[ 0.441749] ACPI: (supports S0 S3 S4 S5)
[ 0.442853] ACPI: Using IOAPIC for interrupt routing
[ 0.504949] ACPI: No dock devices found.
[ 0.505458] HEST: Table not found.
[ 0.505922] PCI: Ignoring host bridge windows from ACPI; if necessary, use "pci=use_crs" and report a bug
[ 0.508456] ACPI: PCI Root Bridge [PCI0] (domain 0000 [bus 00-ff])
[ 0.514427] pci 0000:00:01.3: quirk: [io 0xb000-0xb03f] claimed by PIIX4 ACPI
[ 0.515222] pci 0000:00:01.3: quirk: [io 0xb100-0xb10f] claimed by PIIX4 SMB
[ 0.526520] pci0000:00: Unable to request _OSC control (_OSC support mask: 0x1e)
[ 0.612644] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKA] (IRQs 5 *10 11)
[ 0.614063] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKB] (IRQs 5 *10 11)
[ 0.615312] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKC] (IRQs 5 10 *11)
[ 0.616918] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKD] (IRQs 5 10 *11)
[ 0.618197] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKS] (IRQs 9) *0
[ 0.622888] vgaarb: device added: PCI:0000:00:02.0,decodes=io+mem,owns=io+mem,locks=none
[ 0.623734] vgaarb: loaded
[ 0.624235] vgaarb: bridge control possible 0000:00:02.0
[ 0.627513] SCSI subsystem initialized
[ 0.629754] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[ 0.630590] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[ 0.632126] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[ 0.634610] PCI: Using ACPI for IRQ routing
[ 0.640771] NetLabel: Initializing
[ 0.641144] NetLabel: domain hash size = 128
[ 0.641570] NetLabel: protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4
[ 0.642769] NetLabel: unlabeled traffic allowed by default
[ 0.744929] AppArmor: AppArmor Filesystem Enabled
[ 0.746522] pnp: PnP ACPI init
[ 0.748377] ACPI: bus type pnp registered
[ 0.761838] pnp: PnP ACPI: found 8 devices
[ 0.762440] ACPI: ACPI bus type pnp unregistered
[ 0.791325] Switching to clocksource acpi_pm
[ 0.791325] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[ 0.792984] Switched to NOHz mode on CPU #0
[ 0.794980] IP route cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[ 0.800380] TCP established hash table entries: 16384 (order: 6, 262144 bytes)
[ 0.802008] TCP bind hash table entries: 16384 (order: 6, 262144 bytes)
[ 0.803089] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 16384 bind 16384)
[ 0.803751] TCP reno registered
[ 0.804373] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
[ 0.805192] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
[ 0.806852] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[ 0.807530] pci 0000:00:00.0: Limiting direct PCI/PCI transfers
[ 0.808586] pci 0000:00:01.0: PIIX3: Enabling Passive Release
[ 0.809327] pci 0000:00:01.0: Activating ISA DMA hang workarounds
[ 0.816560] audit: initializing netlink socket (disabled)
[ 0.817591] type=2000 audit(1375309954.816:1): initialized
[ 0.903327] HugeTLB registered 2 MB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages
[ 0.928384] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.5.2
[ 0.929484] Dquot-cache hash table entries: 512 (order 0, 4096 bytes)
[ 0.938210] fuse init (API version 7.16)
[ 0.940982] msgmni has been set to 972
[ 0.949280] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 253)
[ 0.950562] io scheduler noop registered
[ 0.951008] io scheduler deadline registered (default)
[ 0.951941] io scheduler cfq registered
[ 0.955245] pci_hotplug: PCI Hot Plug PCI Core version: 0.5
[ 0.956970] pciehp: PCI Express Hot Plug Controller Driver version: 0.4
[ 0.960881] input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXPWRBN:00/input/input0
[ 0.962211] ACPI: Power Button [PWRF]
[ 0.979110] ERST: Table is not found!
[ 0.982891] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKC] enabled at IRQ 11
[ 0.983651] virtio-pci 0000:00:03.0: PCI INT A -> Link[LNKC] -> GSI 11 (level, high) -> IRQ 11
[ 0.986746] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKD] enabled at IRQ 10
[ 0.987395] virtio-pci 0000:00:04.0: PCI INT A -> Link[LNKD] -> GSI 10 (level, high) -> IRQ 10
[ 0.993533] Trying to unpack rootfs image as initramfs...
[ 1.017633] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKA] enabled at IRQ 10
[ 1.018210] virtio-pci 0000:00:05.0: PCI INT A -> Link[LNKA] -> GSI 10 (level, high) -> IRQ 10
[ 1.020389] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 32 ports, IRQ sharing enabled
[ 1.052583] serial8250: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A
[ 1.082516] serial8250: ttyS1 at I/O 0x2f8 (irq = 3) is a 16550A
[ 1.165489] 00:05: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A
[ 1.244653] 00:06: ttyS1 at I/O 0x2f8 (irq = 3) is a 16550A
[ 1.248018] hpet_acpi_add: no address or irqs in _CRS
[ 1.249922] Linux agpgart interface v0.103
[ 1.279474] brd: module loaded
[ 1.287981] loop: module loaded
[ 1.597690] vda: vda1
[ 1.624125] Freeing initrd memory: 2000k freed
[ 1.626790] scsi0 : ata_piix
[ 1.629007] scsi1 : ata_piix
[ 1.629910] ata1: PATA max MWDMA2 cmd 0x1f0 ctl 0x3f6 bmdma 0xc0a0 irq 14
[ 1.630652] ata2: PATA max MWDMA2 cmd 0x170 ctl 0x376 bmdma 0xc0a8 irq 15
[ 1.636489] Fixed MDIO Bus: probed
[ 1.637469] PPP generic driver version 2.4.2
[ 1.638209] tun: Universal TUN/TAP device driver, 1.6
[ 1.638756] tun: (C) 1999-2004 Max Krasnyansky <maxk@qualcomm.com>
openstack@openstack1:~$
答案 0 :(得分：1)
您可以在仪表板上或使用此命令获取访客控制台：
nova get-vnc-console <instance id> novnc
如果您的访客映像重定向控制台消息（如ubuntu云映像），您可以在仪表板上或使用以下命令查看启动消息：
nova console-log <instance id>
您可以在/var/log/nova/nova-compute.log和管理程序日志中找到线索（/var/log/libvirt/libvirtd.log用于QEMU / KVM）。
可能的原因是您的guest虚拟机无法在其主磁盘上启动并导致启动序列卡住。尝试其他图片，例如the ones proposed in OpenStack documentation。