我目前正试图找出一种使用LINQ和C#对元素进行排序的好方法,但我有点没有这样做。
对于这个问题,我们假设您有以下表格
---TempTable
ID (int)
ParentID (int)
Name (varchar)
SortOrder (int)
ID和ParentID彼此相关,并给我一个自我分层的数据结构。 根元素在ID字段中为空。 SortOrder只是整个表的一部分,并且基于ParentID,因此共享相同ParentID的元素确实包含1,2,3。
让我们进一步假设以下数据:
ID = 1
ParentID = null
Name = Test 1
SortOrder = 1
ID = 2
ParentID = 1
Name = Test 2
SortOrder = 1
ID = 3
ParentID = 1
Name = Test 3
SortOrder = 2
ID = 4
ParentID = 2
Name = Test 4
SortOrder = 1
我想要的平面列表应该具有以下顺序:
Test 1 //root element with sort order 1 = very top
Test 2 //child element of root with sort order 1
Test 4 //child element of test 2 with sort order 1
Test 3 //child element of root with sort order 2
此外,我喜欢获取对象本身而不仅仅获取一部分信息投入使用select new ...
这是我失败的尝试之一:
from x in EntityModel.TempTables //DbSet<TempTable> by EntityFramework - which already holds all elements
orderby x.SortOrder
from y in x.TempTableChildren //Navigation Property by EntityFramework
orderby y.SortOrder
select y
提前感谢您的帮助。
修改
具有ParentID的顺序可能有用,自ID以来给定的TestData,ParentID处于完美的顺序但是在真实的实时应用程序中不是这样的,因为它的数据驱动,有人可以删除条目创建一个新的和放置它按照父母一定的顺序排列,你会有类似的东西:
ID = 193475037
ParentID = 2
Name = Test 192375937
SortOrder = 25
现在在应用程序中可以移动这个,ParentID和SortOrder将随机改变为:
ID = 193475037
ParentID = 456798424
Name = Test 192375937
SortOrder = 4
要解释一下这里的问题是一些代码 - 如果没有1个漂亮的Linq查询我会怎么做但是有2个和一些收益率返回:
public class LinqTestDemo
{
Random rand = new Random();
List<TempTable> list = new List<TempTable>();
public List<TempTable> GetFlatData()
{
list = GetTestData();
var rootElement = (from x in list
where x.ParentID == null
orderby x.SortOrder
select x).ToList();
var flatList = OrderChilds(rootElement).ToList();
foreach (var tempTable in flatList)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("ID = {0} - ParentID = {1} - Name = {2} - SortOrder = {3}", tempTable.ID, tempTable.ParentID, tempTable.Name, tempTable.SortOrder));
}
return flatList;
}
private IEnumerable<TempTable> OrderChilds(List<TempTable> enumerable)
{
foreach (var tempTable in enumerable)
{
yield return tempTable;
TempTable table = tempTable;
var childs = OrderChilds((from x in list
where x.ParentID == table.ID
orderby x.SortOrder
select x).ToList());
foreach (var child in childs)
{
yield return child;
}
}
}
public List<TempTable> GetTestData()
{
var returnValue = new List<TempTable>();
for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++)
{
var tempTable = new TempTable();
tempTable.ID = i;
if (i == 0)
tempTable.ParentID = null;
else
tempTable.ParentID = rand.Next(0, i);
var maxSortOrder = (from x in returnValue
where x.ParentID == tempTable.ParentID
select (int?)x.SortOrder).Max();
if (maxSortOrder.HasValue)
tempTable.SortOrder = maxSortOrder.Value + 1;
else
tempTable.SortOrder = 1;
tempTable.Name = string.Format("Test {0:00}", i);
returnValue.Add(tempTable);
}
return returnValue;
}
public class TempTable
{
public int ID { get; set; }
public int? ParentID { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public int SortOrder { get; set; }
}
}
@ Breadth-First vs Depth-First Traversal: 经过一些阅读后,我会说我想要的结果将是Depth-First Traversal,其中同一级别深度的元素应该由属性SortOrder排序。
答案 0 :(得分:12)
public lEnumerable<TempTable> GetList( int? parentID = null){
foreach ( var item in Context.TempTables
.Where( x => x.ParentID == parentID )
.OrderBy( x=> x.SortOrder)
.ToList() {
yield return item;
foreach( var child in GetList( item.ID))
{
yield return child;
}
}
}
var sortedList = GetList();
它类似于你的方法,但它更小和更小。递归。适用于许多深度级别。我更喜欢调用ToList,因为它会在查询下一个查询之前关闭结果集。
截至目前,单一查询无法做到这一点。
请求单个查询
实体框架将自动填充所有孩子。
public IEnumerable<TempTable> PrepareList(IEnumerable<TempTable> list){
list = list.OrderBy( x=> x.SortOrder);
foreach(var item in list){
yield return item;
foreach(var child in PrepareList(item.ChildTempTables)){
yield return child;
}
}
}
// since EF will automatically fill each children on fetch
// all we need is just a top level nodes
// which we will pass to PrepareList method
var list = Context.TempTables.ToList().Where(x=> x.ParentID == null);
var sortedList = PrepareList(list).ToList();
// it is good to create list at the end if you are going to
// iterate it many times and logic will not change.
答案 1 :(得分:4)
这是一个非递归版本。它不会在初始列表中一次又一次地迭代。相反,它维护父子关系的字典,并将正在进行的预订树遍历的当前位置存储在枚举器中。
public static IEnumerable<TempTable> PreorderForest(IEnumerable<TempTable> list)
{
var nodesByParent = list.GroupBy(x => x.ParentID.GetValueOrDefault(-1))
.ToDictionary(xs => xs.Key,
xs => xs.OrderBy(x => x.SortOrder).GetEnumerator());
var stack = new Stack<IEnumerator<TempTable>>();
stack.Push(nodesByParent[-1]);
while (stack.Count > 0)
{
var nodes = stack.Peek();
if (nodes.MoveNext())
{
yield return nodes.Current;
IEnumerator<TempTable> children;
if (nodesByParent.TryGetValue(nodes.Current.ID, out children))
stack.Push(children);
}
else
stack.Pop();
}
}
答案 2 :(得分:3)
实际上我不知道它是否可以通过优雅的LINQ查询来实现。这是DFS的递归版本,它构建查找以加快ParentID
public static IEnumerable<TempTable> SortedList(IEnumerable<TempTable> list = null, int? ParentID = null, ILookup<int?, TempTable> lookup = null)
{
if (lookup == null)
lookup = list.ToLookup(x => x.ParentID, x => x);
foreach (var p in lookup[ParentID].OrderBy(x => x.SortOrder))
{
yield return p;
foreach (var c in SortedList(lookup: lookup, ParentID: p.ID))
yield return c;
}
}
答案 3 :(得分:2)
试试这个:
public class Item
{
public int ID { get; set; }
public int? ParentID { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public int SortOrder { get; set; }
}
public void DoWork()
{
Item[] data = new Item[] {
new Item() { ID = 2, ParentID = 1, Name = "Test 2", SortOrder = 1},
new Item() { ID = 3, ParentID = 1, Name = "Test 3", SortOrder = 2},
new Item() { ID = 4, ParentID = 2, Name = "Test 4", SortOrder = 1},
new Item() { ID = 1, ParentID = null, Name = "Test 1", SortOrder = 1},
};
var result = from x in data
orderby x.SortOrder, x.ParentID
select x;
foreach (var row in result.ToArray())
{
Console.WriteLine(row.Name);
}
}
我想这都是关于正确的排序
答案 4 :(得分:2)
这是一个简单的解决方案:
public class TempTable
{
public int ID {get;set;}
public int? ParentID {get;set;}
public String Name {get;set;}
public int SortOrder {get;set;}
}
public List<TempTable> GetTempData()
{
var temp = new List<TempTable>();
temp.Add(new TempTable { ID = 1, ParentID = null, Name = "Test 1", SortOrder = 1 });
temp.Add(new TempTable { ID = 2, ParentID = 1, Name = "Test 2", SortOrder = 1 });
temp.Add(new TempTable { ID = 3, ParentID = 1, Name = "Test 3", SortOrder = 3 });
temp.Add(new TempTable { ID = 4, ParentID = 2, Name = "Test 4", SortOrder = 1 });
temp.Add(new TempTable { ID = 5, ParentID = 1, Name = "Test 5", SortOrder = 2 });
return temp;
}
用法:
var data = GetTempData();
var result = data.OrderBy(d => d.SortOrder).ThenBy(d => d.ParentID);
//Do something with result