我正在使用pthread库创建两个线程。我使用两个队列来传递两个线程(生产者 - 消费者)之间的数据,因此希望有一个互斥体来同步线程中队列中的push-pops。
但是我收到如下编译错误:
$ gcc simple-tun.c simple-tun -lpthread
simple-tun.c: In function ‘new_queue’:
simple-tun.c:920:13: error: expected expression before ‘{’ token
我收到错误的函数是:
908 struct queue * new_queue () {
909
910 struct queue * q;
911 q = (struct queue *) malloc (sizeof(struct queue));
912
913 if (q == NULL)
914 return NULL;
915
916
917 q->head = NULL;
918 q->tail = NULL;
919 q->is_empty = 1;
920 q->mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
921
922 return q;
923 }
结构队列是:
struct queue {
80 struct node * head;
81 struct node * tail;
82 int is_empty;
83 pthread_mutex_t mutex;
84 };
如果我注释掉第920行,链接器会开始提供“多个声明错误”
$ gcc simple-tun.c simple-tun -lpthread
simple-tun: In function `settun':
(.text+0x2b7): multiple definition of `settun'
/tmp/cc5Ms4xP.o:simple-tun.c:(.text+0x1cb): first defined here
simple-tun: In function `_fini':
(.fini+0x0): multiple definition of `_fini'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.7/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crti.o:(.fini+0x0): first defined here
simple-tun: In function `mktun':
(.text+0x1e2): multiple definition of `mktun'
/tmp/cc5Ms4xP.o:simple-tun.c:(.text+0xf6): first defined here
simple-tun: In function `net_connect':
(.text+0xe27): multiple definition of `net_connect'
/tmp/cc5Ms4xP.o:simple-tun.c:(.text+0x1115): first defined here
simple-tun: In function `data_start':
(.data+0x0): multiple definition of `__data_start'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.7/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o:(.data+0x0): first defined here
simple-tun: In function `client_connect':
(.text+0xe95): multiple definition of `client_connect'
/tmp/cc5Ms4xP.o:simple-tun.c:(.text+0x1183): first defined here
simple-tun: In function `data_start':
(.data+0x8): multiple definition of `__dso_handle'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.7/crtbegin.o:(.data+0x0): first defined here
simple-tun:(.rodata+0x0): multiple definition of `_IO_stdin_used'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.7/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crt1.o:(.rodata.cst4+0x0): first defined here
simple-tun: In function `server_connect':
(.text+0xfa2): multiple definition of `server_connect'
/tmp/cc5Ms4xP.o:simple-tun.c:(.text+0x1290): first defined here
simple-tun: In function `print_usage':
(.text+0xe05): multiple definition of `print_usage'
/tmp/cc5Ms4xP.o:simple-tun.c:(.text+0x10f3): first defined here
simple-tun: In function `_init':
(.init+0x0): multiple definition of `_init'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.7/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crti.o:(.init+0x0): first defined here
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.7/crtend.o:(.tm_clone_table+0x0): multiple definition of `__TMC_END__'
simple-tun:(.data+0x10): first defined here
/usr/bin/ld: error in simple-tun(.eh_frame); no .eh_frame_hdr table will be created.
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
我无法在搜索中找到解决方案。我的代码有什么根本原因吗?有人能帮助我发现我做错了吗?
如果我需要发布更多片段或更多输出,请告诉我。
答案 0 :(得分:17)
您不能像这样使用PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER
- 它必须用作初始化程序,而不是常规赋值表达式。您有两种方法可以解决此问题 - 调用pthread_mutex_init()
或添加类型转换以使用PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER
作为复合文字。您的选择:
pthread_mutex_init(&q->mutex, NULL);
或:
q->mutex = (pthread_mutex_t)PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
您的链接器错误问题是由此命令行引起的:
gcc simple-tun.c simple-tun -lpthread
您错过了-o
,因此您尝试将程序与自身相关联。这是个坏消息。你可能想要的是:
gcc simple-tun.c -o simple-tun -lpthread
实际上,你应该在那里添加一些警告标志。
答案 1 :(得分:3)
PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER
就是一个在声明中使用的初始值设定项:
pthread_mutex_t foo = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
如果您在其他位置创建pthread_mutex_t
,例如malloc
- 请使用pthread_mutex_init
进行初始化:
pthread_mutex_init(&q->mutex, NULL);
来自SUSV2 documentation for pthread_mutex_init
:
如果默认互斥锁属性合适,宏
PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER
可用于初始化静态分配的互斥锁。该效果等同于通过调用pthread_mutex_init()
并将参数attr
指定为NULL
进行动态初始化,但不执行错误检查。