Question

我正在寻找下面的查询是否有更好的方法。我要做的是创建一个摘要报告，按日期编制统计数据。

 SELECT CAST(Detail.ReceiptDate AS DATE) AS 'DATE'
, SUM(CASE WHEN Detail.Type = 'TotalMailed' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 'TOTALMAILED'
, SUM(CASE WHEN Detail.Type = 'TotalReturnMail' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 'TOTALUNDELINOTICESRECEIVED'
, SUM(CASE WHEN Detail.Type = 'TraceReturnedMail' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 'TRACEUNDELNOTICESRECEIVED'
FROM
(
select SentDate AS 'ReceiptDate', 'TotalMailed' AS 'Type'
from MailDataExtract
where sentdate is not null
UNION ALL
select MDE.ReturnMailDate AS 'ReceiptDate', 'TotalReturnMail' AS 'Type'
from MailDataExtract MDE
where MDE.ReturnMailDate is not null
UNION ALL
select MDE.ReturnMailDate AS 'ReceiptDate', 'TraceReturnedMail' AS 'Type'
from MailDataExtract MDE
    inner join DTSharedData.dbo.ScanData SD ON SD.ScanDataID = MDE.ReturnScanDataID
where MDE.ReturnMailDate is not null AND SD.ReturnMailTypeID = 1
) AS Detail
GROUP BY CAST(Detail.ReceiptDate AS DATE)
ORDER BY 1

这只是查询的一个示例（在报告中使用），因为还有许多其他列，而其他统计信息的逻辑则更复杂。是否有更优雅的方法来获取此类信息/撰写此类报告？

Answer 1

我会通过以下方式更改查询：

在子查询中进行聚合。这可以利用有关该表的更多信息来优化group by。
合并第二个和第三个子查询。它们聚合在同一列上。这需要使用left outer join来确保所有数据都可用。
使用count(<fieldname>)可以消除与is null的比较。这对于第二个和第三个计算值很重要。
要合并第二个和第三个查询，需要计算mde表中的id。这些使用mde.mdeid。

以下版本使用union all：

SELECT CAST(Detail.ReceiptDate AS DATE) AS "Date",
       SUM(TOTALMAILED) as TotalMailed,
       SUM(TOTALUNDELINOTICESRECEIVED) as TOTALUNDELINOTICESRECEIVED,
       SUM(TRACEUNDELNOTICESRECEIVED) as TRACEUNDELNOTICESRECEIVED
FROM ((select SentDate AS "ReceiptDate", COUNT(*) as TotalMailed,
              NULL as TOTALUNDELINOTICESRECEIVED, NULL as TRACEUNDELNOTICESRECEIVED
       from MailDataExtract
       where SentDate is not null
       group by SentDate
      ) union all
      (select MDE.ReturnMailDate AS ReceiptDate, 0,
              COUNT(distinct mde.mdeid) as TOTALUNDELINOTICESRECEIVED,
              SUM(case when sd.ReturnMailTypeId = 1 then 1 else 0 end) as TRACEUNDELNOTICESRECEIVED
       from MailDataExtract MDE left outer join
            DTSharedData.dbo.ScanData SD
            ON SD.ScanDataID = MDE.ReturnScanDataID
       group by MDE.ReturnMailDate;
      )
     ) detail
GROUP BY CAST(Detail.ReceiptDate AS DATE)
ORDER BY 1;

以下使用full outer join执行类似操作：

SELECT coalesce(sd.ReceiptDate, mde.ReceiptDate) AS "Date",
       sd.TotalMailed, mde.TOTALUNDELINOTICESRECEIVED,
       mde.TRACEUNDELNOTICESRECEIVED
FROM (select cast(SentDate as date) AS "ReceiptDate", COUNT(*) as TotalMailed
      from MailDataExtract
      where SentDate is not null
      group by cast(SentDate as date)
     ) sd full outer join
    (select cast(MDE.ReturnMailDate as date) AS ReceiptDate,
            COUNT(distinct mde.mdeID) as TOTALUNDELINOTICESRECEIVED,
            SUM(case when sd.ReturnMailTypeId = 1 then 1 else 0 end) as TRACEUNDELNOTICESRECEIVED
     from MailDataExtract MDE left outer join
          DTSharedData.dbo.ScanData SD
          ON SD.ScanDataID = MDE.ReturnScanDataID
     group by cast(MDE.ReturnMailDate as date)
    ) mde
    on sd.ReceiptDate = mde.ReceiptDate
ORDER BY 1;

Answer 2

我认为你应该做一个子查询来进行分组。在这种情况下，内部子查询返回几行，您不需要CASE语句。所以我认为这会更快：

select Detail.ReceiptDate AS 'DATE',
       SUM(TotalMailed),
       SUM(TotalReturnMail),
       SUM(TraceReturnedMail)

from
(

select SentDate AS 'ReceiptDate', 
       count('TotalMailed') AS TotalMailed, 
       0 as TotalReturnMail, 
       0 as TraceReturnedMail
from MailDataExtract
where sentdate is not null
GROUP BY SentDate

UNION ALL
select MDE.ReturnMailDate AS 'ReceiptDate', 
       0 AS TotalMailed, 
       count(TotalReturnMail) as TotalReturnMail, 
       0 as TraceReturnedMail
from MailDataExtract MDE
where MDE.ReturnMailDate is not null
GROUP BY  MDE.ReturnMailDate

UNION ALL

select MDE.ReturnMailDate AS 'ReceiptDate', 
       0 AS TotalMailed, 
       0 as TotalReturnMail, 
       count(TraceReturnedMail) as TraceReturnedMail

from MailDataExtract MDE
    inner join DTSharedData.dbo.ScanData SD 
        ON SD.ScanDataID = MDE.ReturnScanDataID
   where MDE.ReturnMailDate is not null AND SD.ReturnMailTypeID = 1
GROUP BY MDE.ReturnMailDate

) as Detail
GROUP BY Detail.ReceiptDate
ORDER BY 1

SQL查询 - 多列的SUM（CASE WHEN x THEN 1 ELSE 0）

2 个答案: