我有一个SQL查询,我用它从不同的表中提取数据以获取零件详细信息和装配数据。不幸的是,表格的布局方式似乎需要大量的JOIN。我目前有以下查询,并通过phpmyadmin运行它只显示一个加载屏幕,所以我想它超时,不会在生产中工作。
我在已加入的表和列上添加了索引。我已经通过phpmyadmin对数据库进行了优化,但我仍然难以理解应该如何或可以做到这一点。我是否必须拆分查询并将它们与UNION结合使用?如果是这样的话,我甚至不确定它是如何与它一起工作的,或者它是否有效。
请帮忙。 : - )
EXPLAIN SELECT Import_Values.base_vehicle_id,
Import_Values.qty,
Import_Values.part_type_id,
Import_Values.part_id,
Import_Values.position_id,
Import_Values.note,
Parts.partterminologyname,
BaseVehicle.YearID,
Make.MakeName,
Model.modelname,
SubModel.SubModelName,
EngineDesignation.EngineDesignationName,
EngineVIN.EngineVINName,
EngineBase.Liter,
EngineBase.CC,
EngineBase.CID,
EngineBase.Cylinders,
EngineBase.BlockType,
EngineBase.EngBoreIn,
EngineBase.EngBoreMetric,
EngineBase.EngStrokeIn,
EngineBase.EngStrokeMetric,
FuelDeliveryType.FuelDeliveryTypeName,
FuelDeliverySubType.FuelDeliverySubTypeName,
FuelSystemControlType.FuelSystemControlTypeName,
FuelSystemDesign.FuelSystemDesignName,
Aspiration.AspirationName,
CylinderHeadType.CylinderHeadTypeName,
FuelType.FuelTypeName,
IgnitionSystemType.IgnitionSystemTypeName,
Mfr.MfrName,
EngineVersion.EngineVersion,
Valves.ValvesPerEngine,
BedLength.BedLength,
BedLength.BedLengthMetric,
BedType.BedTypeName
FROM
Import_Values
INNER JOIN BaseVehicle
ON Import_Values.base_vehicle_id=BaseVehicle.BaseVehicleID
INNER JOIN Parts
ON Import_Values.part_type_id=Parts.PartTerminologyID
INNER JOIN Make
ON BaseVehicle.MakeID=Make.MakeID
INNER JOIN Model
ON BaseVehicle.ModelID=Model.ModelID
INNER JOIN Vehicle
ON Import_Values.base_vehicle_id=Vehicle.BaseVehicleID
INNER JOIN SubModel
ON Vehicle.SubModelID=SubModel.SubModelID
INNER JOIN VehicleToEngineConfig
ON Vehicle.VehicleID=VehicleToEngineConfig.VehicleID
INNER JOIN EngineConfig
ON VehicleToEngineConfig.EngineConfigID=EngineConfig.EngineConfigID
INNER JOIN EngineDesignation
ON EngineConfig.EngineDesignationID=EngineDesignation.EngineDesignationID
INNER JOIN EngineVIN
ON EngineConfig.EngineVINID=EngineVIN.EngineVINID
INNER JOIN EngineBase
ON EngineConfig.EngineBaseID=EngineBase.EngineBaseID
INNER JOIN FuelDeliveryConfig
ON EngineConfig.FuelDeliveryConfigID=FuelDeliveryConfig.FuelDeliveryConfigID
INNER JOIN FuelDeliveryType
ON FuelDeliveryConfig.FuelDeliveryTypeID=FuelDeliveryType.FuelDeliveryTypeID
INNER JOIN FuelDeliverySubType
ON FuelDeliveryConfig.FuelDeliverySubTypeID=FuelDeliverySubType.FuelDeliverySubTypeID
INNER JOIN FuelSystemControlType
ON FuelDeliveryConfig.FuelSystemControlTypeID=FuelSystemControlType.FuelSystemControlTypeID
INNER JOIN FuelSystemDesign
ON FuelDeliveryConfig.FuelSystemDesignID=FuelSystemDesign.FuelSystemDesignID
INNER JOIN Aspiration
ON EngineConfig.AspirationID=Aspiration.AspirationID
INNER JOIN CylinderHeadType
ON EngineConfig.CylinderHeadTypeID=CylinderHeadType.CylinderHeadTypeID
INNER JOIN FuelType
ON EngineConfig.FuelTypeID=FuelType.FuelTypeID
INNER JOIN IgnitionSystemType
ON EngineConfig.IgnitionSystemTypeID=IgnitionSystemType.IgnitionSystemTypeID
INNER JOIN Mfr
ON EngineConfig.EngineMfrID=Mfr.MfrID
INNER JOIN EngineVersion
ON EngineConfig.EngineVersionID=EngineVersion.EngineVersionID
INNER JOIN Valves
ON EngineConfig.ValvesID=Valves.Valvesid
INNER JOIN VehicleToBedConfig
ON Vehicle.VehicleID=VehicleToBedConfig.VehicleID
INNER JOIN BedConfig
ON VehicleToBedConfig.BedConfigID=BedConfig.BedConfigID
INNER JOIN BedLength
ON BedConfig.BedLengthID=BedLength.BedLengthID
INNER JOIN BedType
ON BedConfig.BedTypeID=BedType.BedTypeID
答案 0 :(得分:4)
数据库设计很好。这是标准化的一个例子。据我所知,表格和列名称很好。我假设每个表上的id是一个主键,它将有一个索引。查询应该非常快,除非有大量数据(相对于可用内存)。
您的某些表格建议使用多对多关系。一种可能性是查询正在创建一个行的笛卡尔乘积,这些行来自不同维度(在车辆内),这些行乘以行。例如,每辆车可能有多个parts
和多个EngineConfig
(这纯粹是猜测的例子),因此100个零件和20个配置将产生2,000行。
要进行调试,请从顶部开始,然后解决:
select *
FROM Import_Values INNER JOIN
BaseVehicle
ON Import_Values.base_vehicle_id=BaseVehicle.BaseVehicleID
查看结果并确保您获得了预期的行 - 而不再是。然后继续一次添加一个连接,直到发现问题(性能或行数过多)。