Question

我正在尝试弄清楚如何打开一个文件，然后使用Part no将它的内容存储到字典中。作为关键和其他信息作为价值。所以我希望它看起来像这样：

{Part no.: "Description,Price", 453: "Sperving_Bearing,9900", 1342: "Panametric_Fan,23400",9480: "Converter_Exchange,93859"}

我能够将文件中的文本存储到列表中，但我不确定如何为一个键分配多个值。我试图这样做而不导入任何模块。我一直在使用基本的str方法，列表方法和dict方法。

Answer 1

对于像这样的txt文件

453     Sperving_Bearing    9900
1342    Panametric_Fan      23400
9480    Converter_Exchange  93859

你可以做到

>>> newDict = {}
>>> with open('testFile.txt', 'r') as f:
        for line in f:
            splitLine = line.split()
            newDict[int(splitLine[0])] = ",".join(splitLine[1:])


>>> newDict
{9480: 'Converter_Exchange,93859', 453: 'Sperving_Bearing,9900', 1342: 'Panametric_Fan,23400'}

只需检查----...是否可以摆脱line.startswith('-----')行。

编辑 - 如果您确定前两行包含相同的内容，那么您可以这样做

>>> testDict = {"Part no.": "Description,Price"}
>>> with open('testFile.txt', 'r') as f:
        _ = next(f)
        _ = next(f)
        for line in f:
            splitLine = line.split()
            testDict[int(splitLine[0])] = ",".join(splitLine[1:])       
>>> testDict
{9480: 'Converter_Exchange,93859', 'Part no.': 'Description,Price', 453: 'Sperving_Bearing,9900', 1342: 'Panametric_Fan,23400'}

这会在代码中将第一行添加到testDict并跳过前两行，然后继续正常运行。

Answer 2

您可以将文件读入如下所示的行列表：

lines = thetextfile.readlines()

您可以使用以下方法按空格拆分单行：

items = somestring.split()

以下是如何将列表存储到字典中的一个主要示例：

>>>mylist = [1, 2, 3]
>>>mydict = {}
>>>mydict['hello'] = mylist
>>>mydict['world'] = [4,5,6]
>>>print(mydict)

像元组，列表和字典这样的容器可以作为项目彼此嵌套。

要迭代列表，您必须使用这样的for语句：

for item in somelist:
    # do something with the item like printing it
    print item

Answer 3

这是我对它的刺激，在Python 2.x / 3.x上测试：

import re

def str2dict(filename="temp.txt"):
    results = {}
    with open(filename, "r") as cache:
        # read file into a list of lines
        lines = cache.readlines()
        # loop through lines
        for line in lines:
            # skip lines starting with "--".
            if not line.startswith("--"):
                # replace random amount of spaces (\s) with tab (\t),
                # strip the trailing return (\n), split into list using
                # "\t" as the split pattern
                line = re.sub("\s\s+", "\t", line).strip().split("\t")
                # use first item in list for the key, join remaining list items
                # with ", " for the value.
                results[line[0]] = ", ".join(line[1:])

    return results

print (str2dict("temp.txt"))

Answer 4

您应该将值存储为列表或元组。像这样：

textname = input("ENter a file")
thetextfile = open(textname,'r')
print("The file has been successfully opened!")
thetextfile = thetextfile.read()
file_s = thetextfile.split()
holder = []
wordlist = {}
for c in file_s:
   wordlist[c.split()[0]] = c.split()[1:]

Answer 5

您的文件应如下所示：

Part no.;Description,Price
453;Sperving_Bearin,9900
1342;Panametric_Fan,23400
9480;Converter_Exchange,93859

比你只需要添加一些代码：

d = collections.OrderedDict()
reader = csv.reader(open('your_file.txt','r'),delimiter=';')
d = {row[0]:row[1].strip() for row in reader}
for x,y in d.items():
     print x
     print y

如何从文本文件中读取值并将其存储到字典中。 [蟒蛇]

5 个答案: