我正试图在PowerShell中找到一些灵活地改变/替换管道元素的方法:
Function Where-DirectlyReportsTo {
Param (
[Parameter(
ValueFromPipeline = $true,
HelpMessage = "The ADUser object to be tested"
)]
[Microsoft.ActiveDirectory.Management.ADUser] $ADUser,
[Parameter(
Mandatory = $true,
ValueFromPipeline = $false,
Position = 0
)]
[String] $mgrDN
)
Process {
If ($ADUser) {
If ($ADUser.Manager -eq $mgrDN) { Return $ADUser }
}
}
}
$Properties = @("Manager")
$users = Get-ADUser -Filter * -SearchBase $OU -Properties $Properties
[ScriptBlock] $sb = {Where-DirectlyReportsTo "CN=Colonel Foobar,$OU"}
$DNs = $users | $sb | %{$_.DistinguishedName}
我想要返回向Colonel Foobar报告的所有用户的DN,但它给了我错误Expressions are only allowed as the first element of a pipeline.
这是一个简单的例子,但我最终希望能够将管道步骤放在循环中并将其传递给不同的ScriptBlocks来获取不同的用户集,或者使用更复杂的ScriptBlocks(例如:{{1} })。
我意识到我可能会把这一切都搞错了,我非常感谢被指向正确的方向。
编辑:澄清一下,这里是我想要完成的大致概述:
{Where-IsEmployee | Where-IsInDepartment "Finance" | Where-LikesIceCream}
实际上,这可能涉及哈希表而不是数组,因此我知道如何处理每组结果。
答案 0 :(得分:4)
语法错误很简单:
# Wrong:
$DNs = $users | $sb | %{$_.DistinguishedName}
# Correct; note the call operator in front of $sb:
$DNs = $users | &$sb | %{$_.DistinguishedName}
这仍然会让你的管道问题陷入死胡同。你不需要在这里看到它;只需将$Input
传递给下一个函数:
[ScriptBlock] $sb = {$Input | Where-DirectlyReportsTo "CN=Colonel Foobar,$OU"}
你不应该让$sb
枚举输入。这是额外的开销,如果您使用param()
,则将脚本块压缩到cmdlet。你真的不需要那个。
事实上,你可以将整个事情简化为四行,甚至是一条很长的行:
$properties = @("Manager")
$managers = @(
"CN=Colonel Foobar,$OU"
"CN=Sergeant Foobar,$OU"
"CN=Random Manager,$OU"
)
$users = Get-ADUser -Filter * -SearchBase $OU -Properties $properties
$DNs = $users | ?{ $managers -contains $_.Manager } | %{ $_.DistinguishedName }
我用这段代码测试过:
$OU = 'OU=test'
$users = @(
@{
Manager = "CN=Colonel Foobar,$OU";
DistinguishedName = "Show me!"
}
@{
Manager = "CN=Anon Y Mous,$OU";
DistinguishedName = "Don't show me!"
}
'rabbit'
42
$null
@{
DistinguishedName = "Don't show me, either!"
}
@{
Manager = "CN=Random Manager,$OU";
DistinguishedName = "Show me, too!"
}
)
$managers = @(
"CN=Colonel Foobar,$OU"
"CN=Sergeant Foobar,$OU"
"CN=Random Manager,$OU"
)
$DNs = $users | ?{ $managers -contains $_.Manager } | %{ $_.DistinguishedName }
$DNs | Write-Host
如果您愿意,可以让它更加冗长:
$properties = @("Manager")
$managers = @(
"CN=Colonel Foobar,$OU"
"CN=Sergeant Foobar,$OU"
"CN=Random Manager,$OU"
)
$filter = { $managers -eq $_.Manager }
$selector = { $_.DistinguishedName }
$users = Get-ADUser -Filter * -SearchBase $OU -Properties $properties
$DNs = $users | ?{ &$filter } | %{ &$selector }
您听起来想要最终拥有多个过滤器。这也很简单:
$properties = @("Manager")
$managers = @(
"CN=Colonel Foobar,$OU"
"CN=Sergeant Foobar,$OU"
"CN=Random Manager,$OU"
)
$filters = @(
{ $managers -contains $_.Manager }
{ ![string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($_.DistinguishedName) }
)
$selector = { $_.DistinguishedName }
$users = Get-ADUser -Filter * -SearchBase $OU -Properties $properties
$DNs = $users | ?{ $filters.Invoke() -notcontains $false } | %{ &$selector }
答案 1 :(得分:3)
您的scriptblock中需要在管道的顶部有一些东西,您必须将您的scriptblock定义为接受管道输入....:
[scriptBlock]$sb = {[CmdletBinding()]param([Parameter(ValueFromPipeline=$true)]$obj) `
process {
foreach ($o in $obj) {
$o | Where-DirectlyReportsTo "CN=Colonel Foobar,$OU"}}}
你也不能把$ sb扔进管道,试试这个:
$users | &$sb | %{$_.DistinguishedName}
答案 2 :(得分:0)
在PS 2.0中,这种更简洁(可读?)的语法有效。 (在PS 3.0中不起作用,其中设置isFilter会抛出异常)
$filterSet =
{$_.property -eq "desired value"},
{$_.method() -eq "I like the return value"},
{$_.gettype() -eq [special.type.I.like]},
{arbritraryBoolPSfunction $_}
$filterSet | % {$_.isFilter = $true} # make 'em all filters
ForEach ($filter In $filterSet) {
$DNs = $users | & $filter | %{$_.DistinguishedName}
# Then do something with the DNs
}