Rails嵌套属性未更新

时间：2013-07-19 21:00:58

标签： ruby-on-rails ruby-on-rails-3 nested-forms nested-attributes

我正在构建我的第一个Rails应用程序，其中一个重要功能是让用户说话和/或想要学习语言。在用户编辑个人资料页面中，我允许他/她选择他/她说话和/或想要从列表中学习的语言（我正在使用ryanb的嵌套_形式宝石）：

enter image description here

此处涉及3个模型：User，Speaks，Language

languages表只是一个包含世界语言的表，它不会改变。它基本上由语言及其名称的ISO代码组成。我通过运行从我下载的官方文件中读取的脚本来填充它。我仍然只是使用Rails默认值，因此该表有一个id列，并且一切正常。

然后我决定进行更改并删除id列，因为它无论如何都没有任何意义。我希望我的应用程序能够与ISO列表保持同步。我希望ISO代码能够识别语言，而不是无意义的ID。我想用

user.speaks.create!(language_id: "pt", level: 6)

而不是

user.speaks.create!(language_id: 129, level: 6)

我知道ISO列表不太可能会改变，但如果确实如此，我想简单地用新文件再次运行我的脚本，如果id列仍然匹配与以前相同的ISO代码，请不要担心。所以我做了改变。现在我可以按照我想要的方式使用user.speaks.create，并且关联在控制台中完美运行。问题是我的表格根本不再起作用了。数据已发送但我不了解日志。他们展示了一堆SELECTS但没有INSERTS或UPDATES，我不明白为什么。有人有任何想法吗？

以下是我的模特：

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  attr_accessible ..., :speaks, :speaks_attributes, :wants_to_learn_attributes

  has_many :speaks, :class_name => "Speaks", :dependent => :destroy
  has_many :speaks_languages, :through => :speaks, :source => :language #, :primary_key => "iso_639_1_code"

  has_many :wants_to_learn, :class_name => "WantsToLearn", :dependent => :destroy
  has_many :wants_to_learn_languages, :through => :wants_to_learn, :source => :language #, :primary_key => "iso_639_1_code"

  ...

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :speaks #, :reject_if => :speaks_duplicate, :allow_destroy => true
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :wants_to_learn #, :reject_if => :wants_to_learn_duplicate, :allow_destroy => true

  # EDIT 1: I remembered these pieces of code silenced errors, so I commented them out

...
end

class Speaks < ActiveRecord::Base
  self.table_name = "speak"
  attr_accessible :language, :language_id, :level
  belongs_to :user
  belongs_to :language

  validates :user, :language, :level, presence: true
  ...
end

#EDIT 4:

class WantsToLearn < ActiveRecord::Base
  self.table_name = "want_to_learn"
  attr_accessible :language, :language_id
  belongs_to :user
  belongs_to :language

  validates :user, :language, presence: true

  ...
end

class Language < ActiveRecord::Base
  attr_accessible :iso_639_1_code, :name_en, :name_fr, :name_pt

  has_many :speak, :class_name => "Speaks"
  has_many :users_who_speak, :through => :speak, :source => :user

  has_many :want_to_learn, :class_name => "WantsToLearn"
  has_many :users_who_want_to_learn, :through => :want_to_learn, :source => :user
end

控制器：

def update
    logger.debug params
    if @user.update_attributes(params[:user])
        @user.save
        flash[:success] = "Profile updated"
        sign_in @user
        redirect_to :action => :edit
    else
        render :action => :edit
    end
end

查看：

<%= nested_form_for(@user, :html => { :class => "edit-profile-form"} ) do |f| %>
      <%= render 'shared/error_messages' %>
      <table border="0">
        <tr><td colspan="2"><h2 id="languages" class="bblabla">Languages</h2></td></tr>
        <tr>
          <td><span>Languages you speak</span></td>
          <td class="languages-cell">
            <div id="speaks">
            <%= f.fields_for :speaks, :wrapper => false do |speaks| %>
              <div class="fields">
                <%= speaks.select(:language_id,
                                    Language.all.collect {|lang| [lang.name_en, lang.id]},
                                    { :selected => speaks.object.language_id, :include_blank => false },
                                    :class => 'language') %>
                <%= speaks.label :level, "Level: " %>
                <%= speaks.select(:level, Speaks.level_options, { :selected => speaks.object.level }, :class => 'level') %>
                <%= speaks.link_to_remove raw("<i class='icon-remove icon-2x'></i>"), :class => "remove-language" %>
              </div>
            <% end %>
            </div>
          <p class="add-language"><%= f.link_to_add "Add language", :speaks, :data => { :target => "#speaks" } %></p>
          </td>
        </tr>
        ...

日志：

Started PUT "/users/1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2013-07-19 08:41:16 -0300
Processing by UsersController#update as HTML
  Parameters: {"utf8"=>"✓", "authenticity_token"=>"ZmaU9...", "user"=>{"speaks_attributes"=>{"0"=>{"language_id"=>"pt", "level"=>"6", "_destroy"=>"false"}, "1374234067848"=>{"language_id"=>"en", "level"=>"5", "_destroy"=>"false"}}, "wants_to_learn_attributes"=>{"0"=>{"language_id"=>"ro", "_destroy"=>"false", "id"=>"1"}}, "home_location_attributes"=>{"google_id"=>"7789d9...", "latitude"=>"-22.9035393", "longitude"=>"-43.20958689999998", "city"=>"Rio de Janeiro", "neighborhood"=>"", "administrative_area_level_1"=>"Rio de Janeiro", "administrative_area_level_2"=>"", "country_id"=>"BR", "id"=>"1"}, "gender"=>"2", "relationship_status"=>"2", "about_me"=>""}, "commit"=>"Save changes", "id"=>"1"}
  [1m[35mUser Load (0.3ms)[0m  SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."remember_token" = 'bjdvI...' LIMIT 1
  [1m[36mUser Load (0.2ms)[0m  [1mSELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."id" = $1 LIMIT 1[0m  [["id", "1"]]
{"utf8"=>"✓", "_method"=>"put", "authenticity_token"=>"ZmaU9W...", "user"=>{"speaks_attributes"=>{"0"=>{"language_id"=>"pt", "level"=>"6", "_destroy"=>"false"}, "1374234067848"=>{"language_id"=>"en", "level"=>"5", "_destroy"=>"false"}}, "wants_to_learn_attributes"=>{"0"=>{"language_id"=>"ro", "_destroy"=>"false", "id"=>"1"}}, "home_location_attributes"=>{"google_id"=>"7789d9...", "latitude"=>"-22.9035393", "longitude"=>"-43.20958689999998", "city"=>"Rio de Janeiro", "neighborhood"=>"", "administrative_area_level_1"=>"Rio de Janeiro", "administrative_area_level_2"=>"", "country_id"=>"BR", "id"=>"1"}, "gender"=>"2", "relationship_status"=>"2", "about_me"=>""}, "commit"=>"Save changes", "action"=>"update", "controller"=>"users", "id"=>"1"}
  [1m[35m (0.1ms)[0m  BEGIN
  [1m[36mWantsToLearn Load (0.2ms)[0m  [1mSELECT "want_to_learn".* FROM "want_to_learn" WHERE "want_to_learn"."user_id" = 1 AND "want_to_learn"."id" IN (1)[0m
  [1m[35mLocation Load (0.3ms)[0m  SELECT "locations".* FROM "locations" WHERE "locations"."google_id" = '7789d...' AND "locations"."latitude" = '-22.9035393' AND "locations"."longitude" = '-43.20958689999998' AND "locations"."city" = 'Rio de Janeiro' AND "locations"."neighborhood" = '' AND "locations"."administrative_area_level_1" = 'Rio de Janeiro' AND "locations"."administrative_area_level_2" = '' AND "locations"."country_id" = 'BR' LIMIT 1
  [1m[36mUser Exists (40.0ms)[0m  [1mSELECT 1 AS one FROM "users" WHERE (LOWER("users"."email") = LOWER('ariel@pontes.com') AND "users"."id" != 1) LIMIT 1[0m
  [1m[35m (96.7ms)[0m  UPDATE "users" SET "remember_token" = 'd0pb...', "updated_at" = '2013-07-19 11:41:16.808422' WHERE "users"."id" = 1
  [1m[36m (28.7ms)[0m  [1mCOMMIT[0m
  [1m[35m (0.1ms)[0m  BEGIN
  [1m[36mUser Exists (0.3ms)[0m  [1mSELECT 1 AS one FROM "users" WHERE (LOWER("users"."email") = LOWER('ariel@pontes.com') AND "users"."id" != 1) LIMIT 1[0m
  [1m[35m (0.3ms)[0m  UPDATE "users" SET "remember_token" = 'gKlW...', "updated_at" = '2013-07-19 11:41:17.072654' WHERE "users"."id" = 1
  [1m[36m (0.4ms)[0m  [1mCOMMIT[0m
  Rendered shared/_error_messages.html.erb (0.0ms)
  [1m[35mSpeaks Load (0.3ms)[0m  SELECT "speak".* FROM "speak" WHERE "speak"."user_id" = 1
  [1m[36mWantsToLearn Load (0.2ms)[0m  [1mSELECT "want_to_learn".* FROM "want_to_learn" WHERE "want_to_learn"."user_id" = 1[0m
  [1m[35mLanguage Load (0.3ms)[0m  SELECT "languages".* FROM "languages" 
  [1m[36mCountry Load (0.3ms)[0m  [1mSELECT "countries".* FROM "countries" WHERE "countries"."iso_3166_code" = 'BR' LIMIT 1[0m
  [1m[35mCACHE (0.0ms)[0m  SELECT "languages".* FROM "languages" 
  [1m[36mCACHE (0.0ms)[0m  [1mSELECT "languages".* FROM "languages" [0m
  Rendered users/edit.html.erb within layouts/application (39.8ms)
  Rendered layouts/_shim.html.erb (0.0ms)
  Rendered layouts/_header.html.erb (1.1ms)
  Rendered layouts/_footer.html.erb (0.2ms)
Completed 200 OK in 576ms (Views: 160.7ms | ActiveRecord: 168.7ms)

希望有人有洞察力，因为过去两天我一直在网上寻找，但没有运气。提前谢谢！

编辑1

按照ovatsug25的建议，我在关联之后放置了accepts_nested_attributes_for行，但它似乎没有任何改变。然而，我记得User模型中有一些选项可以解决错误，这当然会妨碍调试，所以我对这些选项进行了评论。现在我有以下错误：

PG::Error: ERROR:  operator does not exist: character varying = integer
LINE 1: ...M "languages"  WHERE "languages"."iso_639_1_code" = 0 LIMIT ...
                                                             ^
HINT:  No operator matches the given name and argument type(s). You might need to add explicit type casts.
: SELECT  "languages".* FROM "languages"  WHERE "languages"."iso_639_1_code" = 0 LIMIT 1

我没有IDEA为什么Rails试图选择pk = 0的语言。即使pk是一个整数，这也没有意义（是吧???）因为默认id从1开始。甚至如果从零开始，为什么还要尝试选择呢？这个零来自哪里？我不能“添加显式类型转换”。 pk是一个字符串，对于那个问题永远不会是0或'0'。这个查询没有意义，根本不应该发生！

编辑2

我尝试更新控制台中的属性并获得以下内容：

irb(main):006:0> ariel = User.find(1)
  User Load (101.5ms)  SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."id" = $1 LIMIT 1  [["id", 1]]
=> #<User id: 1, first_name: "Ariel", last_name: "Pontes", ...>
irb(main):007:0> params = {"user"=>{"speaks_attributes"=>{"0"=>{"language_id"=>"pt", "level"=>"6", "_destroy"=>"false"}, "1374444891951"=>{"language_id"=>"en", "l
evel"=>"5", "_destroy"=>"false"}}, "wants_to_learn_attributes"=>{"0"=>{"language_id"=>"ro", "_destroy"=>"false"}}, "home_location_attributes"=>{"google_id"=>"778...c5a", "latitude"=>"-22.9035393", "longitude"=>"-43.20958689999998", "city"=>"Rio de Janeiro", "neighborhood"=>"", "administrative
_area_level_1"=>"Rio de Janeiro", "administrative_area_level_2"=>"", "country_id"=>"BR", "id"=>"1"}, "gender"=>"2", "relationship_status"=>"2", "about_me"=>""}}
=> {"user"=>{"speaks_attributes"=>{"0"=>{"language_id"=>"pt", "level"=>"6", "_destroy"=>"false"}, "1374444891951"=>{"language_id"=>"en", "level"=>"5", "_destroy"=
>"false"}}, "wants_to_learn_attributes"=>{"0"=>{"language_id"=>"ro", "_destroy"=>"false"}}, "home_location_attributes"=>{"google_id"=>"778...c5a", "latitude"=>"-22.9035393", "longitude"=>"-43.20958689999998", "city"=>"Rio de Janeiro", "neighborhood"=>"", "administrative_area_level_1"=>"Rio de
 Janeiro", "administrative_area_level_2"=>"", "country_id"=>"BR", "id"=>"1"}, "gender"=>"2", "relationship_status"=>"2", "about_me"=>""}}
irb(main):008:0> ariel.update_attributes(params[:user])
   (0.1ms)  BEGIN
  User Exists (0.5ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM "users" WHERE (LOWER("users"."email") = LOWER('ariel@pontes.com') AND "users"."id" != 1) LIMIT 1
   (24.9ms)  UPDATE "users" SET "remember_token" = '0tv...Cw', "updated_at" = '2013-07-22 15:45:30.705217' WHERE "users"."id" = 1
   (54.3ms)  COMMIT
=> true
irb(main):009:0>

基本上，它只会因某种原因更新remember_token和updated_at。

编辑3

我尝试只更新口语并且有效：

irb(main):012:0> ariel.update_attributes({"speaks_attributes"=>{"0"=>{"language_id"=>"pt", "level"=>"6", "_destroy"=>"false"}, "1374444891951"=>{"language_id"=>"e
n", "level"=>"5", "_destroy"=>"false"}}})
   (0.2ms)  BEGIN
  User Load (0.4ms)  SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."id" = 1 LIMIT 1
  Language Load (0.8ms)  SELECT "languages".* FROM "languages" WHERE "languages"."iso_639_1_code" = 'pt' LIMIT 1
  User Load (0.3ms)  SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."id" = 1 LIMIT 1
  Language Load (0.2ms)  SELECT "languages".* FROM "languages" WHERE "languages"."iso_639_1_code" = 'en' LIMIT 1
  User Exists (0.2ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM "users" WHERE (LOWER("users"."email") = LOWER('ariel@pontes.com') AND "users"."id" != 1) LIMIT 1
   (0.2ms)  UPDATE "users" SET "remember_token" = 'MYh5X1XoF6OsVIo3rhDNzQ', "updated_at" = '2013-07-22 22:05:08.198025' WHERE "users"."id" = 1
  SQL (42.9ms)  INSERT INTO "speak" ("created_at", "language_id", "level", "updated_at", "user_id") VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5) RETURNING "id"  [["created_at", Mo
n, 22 Jul 2013 22:05:08 UTC +00:00], ["language_id", "pt"], ["level", 6], ["updated_at", Mon, 22 Jul 2013 22:05:08 UTC +00:00], ["user_id", 1]]
  SQL (0.4ms)  INSERT INTO "speak" ("created_at", "language_id", "level", "updated_at", "user_id") VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5) RETURNING "id"  [["created_at", Mon
, 22 Jul 2013 22:05:08 UTC +00:00], ["language_id", "en"], ["level", 5], ["updated_at", Mon, 22 Jul 2013 22:05:08 UTC +00:00], ["user_id", 1]]
   (14.7ms)  COMMIT
=> true

我开始担心这可能是巫术的情况。

PS：有人知道为什么它会加载用户3次吗？似乎没有意义和浪费。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：2)

最大的线索是引起你注意的错误：

HINT:  No operator matches the given name and argument type(s). You might need to add explicit type casts.
: SELECT  "languages".* FROM "languages"  WHERE "languages"."iso_639_1_code" = 0 LIMIT 1

如果您为模型属性提供字符串值，但基础数据库列是数字列，则Rails将尝试将字符串值转换为适当的数字类型。因此，如果基础列的类型为整数，则使用String#to_i将字符串输入解释为整数。如果字符串不以数字开头，则将其转换为0。

Rails console（rails c）可以成为调试此类问题的有用工具。在这种情况下，在控制台上，您可以运行WantsToLearn.columns_hash['language_id'].type以查看Rails认为应该为该属性使用的类型。当然，您也可以轻松检查迁移。

答案 1 :(得分：0)

我曾经有这样的问题，并且在声明了所有关联和可访问属性之后，通过将accepts_attributes_for调用隔离到最底层来解决它。 （我还将attr_accesible合并为一个电话。我认为ryanb在此视频中说了有关电话顺序的内容。http://railscasts.com/episodes/196-nested-model-form-revised?view=asciicast。

有道理吗？不，但它对我有用。

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