使用JSON.NET反序列化值为字段名称的JSON

时间:2013-07-19 12:13:11

标签: c# .net json json.net

我有一个非常不受欢迎的情况,需要我反序列化JSON,其中值是使用JSON.NET的字段名称。假设我有以下JSON,结构非常合理:

{
    "name": "tugberk",
    "roles": [
        { "id": "1", "name": "admin" },
        { "id": "2", "name": "guest" }
    ]
}

使用JSON.NET将其反序列化为CLR对象非常容易:

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        var camelCaseSettings = new JsonSerializerSettings { ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver() };

        var text = File.ReadAllText("user_normal.txt");
        var obj = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<User>(text, camelCaseSettings);
    }
}

public class User
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public Role[] Roles { get; set; }
}

public class Role
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

但是,在我目前的情况下,我有以下可怕的JSON,就值而言相当于JSON以上:

{
    "name": "tugberk",
    "roles": {
        "1": { "name": "admin" },
        "2": { "name": "guest" }
    }
}

如您所见,roles字段不是数组;它是一个包含其他值作为对象的对象,它的唯一键是它们的字段名称(这很糟糕)。使用JSON.NET将此JSON反序列化到User以上类的最佳方法是什么?

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:6)

您可以创建自定义JsonConverter来序列化/反序列化Role[]。然后,您可以使用Roles装饰JsonConverterAttribute属性,如下所示:

public class User
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    [JsonConverter(typeof(RolesConverter))]
    public Role[] Roles { get; set; }
}

在转换器类中,您可以读取对象并返回数组。您的转换器类可能如下所示:

class RolesConverter : JsonConverter
{
    public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
    {
        return objectType == typeof(Role[]);
    }

    public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        // deserialize as object
        var roles = serializer.Deserialize<JObject>(reader);
        var result = new List<Role>();

        // create an array out of the properties
        foreach (JProperty property in roles.Properties())
        {
            var role = property.Value.ToObject<Role>();
            role.Id = int.Parse(property.Name);
            result.Add(role);
        }

        return result.ToArray();
    }


    public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

答案 1 :(得分:2)

你可以尝试:

dynamic jObject = JObject.Parse(text);
List<User> users = new List<User>();

foreach(dynamic dUser in jObject)
{
    List<Role> roles = new List<Role>();
    User user = new User();
    user.Name = dUser.name;
    foreach(PropertyInfo info in dUser.GetType().GetProperties())
    {
        Role role = new Role();
        role.Id = info.Name;
        role.Name = dUser[info.Name].name;
        roles.Ad(role);
    }
    user.Roles = roles.ToArray();
}

答案 2 :(得分:2)

您可以选择几种方式。您可以拥有自定义JsonConverter并手动将其序列化。因为在撰写本文时,这个fero提供了一个基于此的答案,我会给你一个替代方案,需要两个代理类:

public class JsonUser
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public Dictionary<int, JsonRole> Roles { get; set; }
}

public class JsonRole
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

在你的Role课程中:

public static implicit operator User(JsonUser user)
{
    return new User
        {
            Name = user.Name,
            Roles = user.Roles
                        .Select(kvp => new Role { Id = kvp.Key, Name = kvp.Value.Name})
                        .ToArray()
        };
}

可以这样使用:

User jsonUser = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<JsonUser>(json);

现在,这是以创建中间对象为代价完成的,可能不适合大多数情况。

为了完整起见,我将包含我的JsonConverter解决方案版本:

public class UserRolesConverter : JsonConverter
{

    public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
    {
        return objectType == typeof (Role[]);
    }

    public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        return serializer.Deserialize<JObject>(reader)
                         .Properties()
                         .Select(p => new Role
                             {
                                 Id = Int32.Parse(p.Name),
                                 Name = (string) p.Value["name"]
                             })
                         .ToArray();
    }

    public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

public class User
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    [JsonConverter(typeof(UserRolesConverter))]
    public Role[] Roles { get; set; }
}

var jsonUser = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<User>(json);