有一段时间我使用Spring框架开发Web应用程序，一切正常。然而最近我发现我必须向我的页面引入一些ajax调用。经过一些谷歌搜索后，我发现Tiles2在使用参数'fragments = nameOfTile'时，在回收ajax调用时为解析视图提供了很好的支持。要实现你必须使用org.springframework.js.ajax.AjaxUrlBasedViewResolverwhich以及org.springframework.js.ajax.tiles2.AjaxTilesView。
以下是我对视图解析器的配置（请注意我使用TILES.3.0.1）：
<bean id="tilesConfigurer" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesConfigurer">
<property name="definitions" value="WEB-INF/tiles-config.xml"/>
</bean>
<bean id="ajaxViewResolver" class="org.springframework.js.ajax.AjaxUrlBasedViewResolver" p:order="0">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.js.ajax.tiles2.AjaxTilesView"/>
</bean>
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesViewResolver" p:order="1">
</bean>
正如我之前提到的那样，当我不使用它时：
<bean id="ajaxViewResolver" class="org.springframework.js.ajax.AjaxUrlBasedViewResolver" p:order="0">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.js.ajax.tiles2.AjaxTilesView"/>
</bean>
一切都很好，但是当我向我的代码中引入ajaxViewResolver时。什么页面我请求（通常和ajax调用）我得到这个回应：
HTTP Status 500 - Handler processing failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/tiles/TilesApplicationContext
所以我的问题是：
感谢您的帮助， ķ
编辑＃1：@Bar说：“你有没有加入spring-webflow jar？springsource.org/spring-web-flow#download”我正在使用maven作为我的依赖管理器。您可以在下面看到我的pom.xml：
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
<artifactId>tiles-jsp</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.5.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.webflow</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webflow</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
<artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0.GA</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator-annotation-processor</artifactId>
<version>4.1.0.Final</version>
</dependency>
所以它应该被包括在内。
答案 0 :(得分：5)
好的，所以我发现了问题。从Tails 3开始，RequestContext上方的抽象已经改变，org.springframework.js.ajax.tiles2.AjaxTilesView正在使用旧的抽象。这就是为什么它没有工作，它引用了非现有的课程。
经过一些实验和搜索尾部3 javadocs后，我设法重写了这个（AjaxTilesView）类，并采用它在尾部3环境中工作。我做了很少的测试，现在它工作正常。唯一的问题是你必须在ur ajax请求或附加参数中指定header，这将告知这实际上是ajax调用。下面你可以看到重写的AjaxTilesView类，示例配置和jquery调用的例子。
AjaxTilesView.Java：
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.tiles.Attribute;
import org.apache.tiles.AttributeContext;
import org.apache.tiles.Definition;
import org.apache.tiles.access.TilesAccess;
import org.apache.tiles.impl.BasicTilesContainer;
import org.apache.tiles.request.ApplicationContext;
import org.apache.tiles.request.Request;
import org.apache.tiles.request.jsp.JspRequest;
import org.apache.tiles.request.servlet.ServletRequest;
import org.apache.tiles.request.servlet.ServletUtil;
import org.springframework.js.ajax.AjaxHandler;
import org.springframework.js.ajax.SpringJavascriptAjaxHandler;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.JstlUtils;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.RequestContext;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesView;
public class AjaxTilesView extends TilesView {
private static final String FRAGMENTS_PARAM = "fragments";
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
private AjaxHandler ajaxHandler = new SpringJavascriptAjaxHandler();
public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
super.afterPropertiesSet();
}
public AjaxHandler getAjaxHandler() {
return ajaxHandler;
}
public void setAjaxHandler(AjaxHandler ajaxHandler) {
this.ajaxHandler = ajaxHandler;
}
protected void renderMergedOutputModel(Map model, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
ServletContext servletContext = getServletContext();
if (ajaxHandler.isAjaxRequest(request, response)) {
String[] fragmentsToRender = getRenderFragments(model, request, response);
if (fragmentsToRender.length == 0) {
logger.warn("An Ajax request was detected, but no fragments were specified to be re-rendered. "
+ "Falling back to full page render. This can cause unpredictable results when processing "
+ "the ajax response on the client.");
super.renderMergedOutputModel(model, request, response);
return;
}
this.applicationContext = ServletUtil.getApplicationContext(getServletContext());
BasicTilesContainer container = (BasicTilesContainer) TilesAccess.getContainer(this.applicationContext);
if (container == null) {
throw new ServletException("Tiles container is not initialized. "
+ "Have you added a TilesConfigurer to your web application context?");
}
exposeModelAsRequestAttributes(model, request);
JstlUtils.exposeLocalizationContext(new RequestContext(request, servletContext));
Request tilesRequestContext = new ServletRequest(this.applicationContext, request, response);
Definition compositeDefinition = container.getDefinitionsFactory().getDefinition(getUrl(),
tilesRequestContext);
Map flattenedAttributeMap = new HashMap();
flattenAttributeMap(container, tilesRequestContext, flattenedAttributeMap, compositeDefinition, request,
response);
addRuntimeAttributes(container, flattenedAttributeMap, request, response);
if (fragmentsToRender.length > 1) {
request.setAttribute(JspRequest.FORCE_INCLUDE_ATTRIBUTE_NAME, true);
}
for (int i = 0; i < fragmentsToRender.length; i++) {
Attribute attributeToRender = (Attribute) flattenedAttributeMap.get(fragmentsToRender[i]);
if (attributeToRender == null) {
throw new ServletException("No tiles attribute with a name of '" + fragmentsToRender[i]
+ "' could be found for the current view: " + this);
} else {
container.startContext(tilesRequestContext).inheritCascadedAttributes(compositeDefinition);
container.render(attributeToRender, tilesRequestContext);
container.endContext(tilesRequestContext);
}
}
} else {
super.renderMergedOutputModel(model, request, response);
}
}
protected String[] getRenderFragments(Map model, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
String attrName = request.getParameter(FRAGMENTS_PARAM);
String[] renderFragments = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(attrName);
return StringUtils.trimArrayElements(renderFragments);
}
/**
* <p>
* Iterate over all attributes in the given Tiles definition. Every attribute value that represents a template (i.e.
* start with "/") or is a nested definition is added to a Map. The method class itself recursively to traverse
* nested definitions.
* </p>
*
* @param container the TilesContainer
* @param requestContext the TilesRequestContext
* @param resultMap the output Map where attributes of interest are added to.
* @param compositeDefinition the definition to search for attributes of interest.
* @param request the servlet request
* @param response the servlet response
*/
protected void flattenAttributeMap(BasicTilesContainer container, Request requestContext,
Map resultMap, Definition compositeDefinition, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
Set<String> locAttr = compositeDefinition.getLocalAttributeNames();
Set<String> cascAttr = compositeDefinition.getCascadedAttributeNames();
for (String s : locAttr) {
String attributeName = s;
Attribute attribute = compositeDefinition.getAttribute(attributeName);
if (attribute.getValue() == null || !(attribute.getValue() instanceof String)) {
continue;
}
String value = attribute.getValue().toString();
if (value.startsWith("/")) {
resultMap.put(attributeName, attribute);
} else if (container.isValidDefinition(value, new ServletRequest(this.applicationContext, request, response))) {
resultMap.put(attributeName, attribute);
Definition nestedDefinition = container.getDefinitionsFactory().getDefinition(value, requestContext);
Assert.isTrue(nestedDefinition != compositeDefinition, "Circular nested definition: " + value);
flattenAttributeMap(container, requestContext, resultMap, nestedDefinition, request, response);
}
}
if(cascAttr == null)
return;
for (String s : cascAttr) {
String attributeName = s;
System.out.println(s);
Attribute attribute = compositeDefinition.getAttribute(attributeName);
if (attribute.getValue() == null || !(attribute.getValue() instanceof String)) {
continue;
}
String value = attribute.getValue().toString();
if (value.startsWith("/")) {
resultMap.put(attributeName, attribute);
} else if (container.isValidDefinition(value, new ServletRequest(this.applicationContext, request, response))) {
resultMap.put(attributeName, attribute);
Definition nestedDefinition = container.getDefinitionsFactory().getDefinition(value, requestContext);
Assert.isTrue(nestedDefinition != compositeDefinition, "Circular nested definition: " + value);
flattenAttributeMap(container, requestContext, resultMap, nestedDefinition, request, response);
}
}
}
/**
* <p>
* Iterate over dynamically added Tiles attributes (see "Runtime Composition" in the Tiles documentation) and add
* them to the output Map passed as input.
* </p>
*
* @param container the Tiles container
* @param resultMap the output Map where attributes of interest are added to.
* @param request the Servlet request
* @param response the Servlet response
*/
protected void addRuntimeAttributes(BasicTilesContainer container, Map resultMap, HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
AttributeContext attributeContext = container.getAttributeContext(new ServletRequest(this.applicationContext, request, response));
Set attributeNames = new HashSet();
if (attributeContext.getLocalAttributeNames() != null) {
attributeNames.addAll(attributeContext.getLocalAttributeNames());
}
if (attributeContext.getCascadedAttributeNames() != null) {
attributeNames.addAll(attributeContext.getCascadedAttributeNames());
}
Iterator iterator = attributeNames.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
String name = (String) iterator.next();
Attribute attr = attributeContext.getAttribute(name);
resultMap.put(name, attr);
}
}
}
jQuery的：
$('div[id="form"]').on("click",function(){
$.ajax({
type:"GET",
beforeSend: function (request)
{
request.setRequestHeader("Accept", "text/html;type=ajax");
},
url: "directlink?fragments=form",
processData: false,
success: function(msg) {
$('div[id="form"]').append(msg);
}
});
});
调度-config.xml中：
<bean id="tilesConfigurer" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesConfigurer">
<property name="definitions" value="WEB-INF/tiles-config.xml"/>
</bean>
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesViewResolver" p:order="1"/>
<bean id="ajaxViewResolver" class="org.springframework.js.ajax.AjaxUrlBasedViewResolver" p:order="0">
<property name="viewClass" value="com.springframework.web.views.AjaxTilesView"/>
</bean>
如果有人不喜欢将标题添加到他们的jquery中，正如我之前提到的那样，你可以使用参数ajaxSource，这个值并不重要，但它必须有文本。所以url的示例如下：
'myurl?fragments=someTail&ajaxSource=on'
'myurl?fragments=someTail&ajaxSource=placeholdertext'
答案 1 :(得分：0)
我认为您错过了 tiles-core 和 tiles-api 依赖项。
tiles-api 包含缺少的类。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
<artifactId>tiles-core</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
<artifactId>tiles-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>