我已经设法在VC ++中使用ShellExecute来启动文档。 现在我希望运行一个接收一些参数的命令行工具,并在后台运行(隐藏,而不是最小化)并让它阻止我的程序流程,以便我能够等待它完成。 如何更改命令行:
ShellExecute(NULL,"open",FULL_PATH_TO_CMD_LINE_TOOL,ARGUMENTS,NULL,SW_HIDE);
问题是,我有将html转换为pdf的工具,我希望一旦工具完成,也就是pdf准备就绪,让另一个ShellExecute来查看它。
答案 0 :(得分:49)
有一个CodeProject article通过ShellExecuteEx
代替ShellExecute
来说明如何:
SHELLEXECUTEINFO ShExecInfo = {0};
ShExecInfo.cbSize = sizeof(SHELLEXECUTEINFO);
ShExecInfo.fMask = SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS;
ShExecInfo.hwnd = NULL;
ShExecInfo.lpVerb = NULL;
ShExecInfo.lpFile = "c:\\MyProgram.exe";
ShExecInfo.lpParameters = "";
ShExecInfo.lpDirectory = NULL;
ShExecInfo.nShow = SW_SHOW;
ShExecInfo.hInstApp = NULL;
ShellExecuteEx(&ShExecInfo);
WaitForSingleObject(ShExecInfo.hProcess, INFINITE);
CloseHandle(ShExecInfo.hProcess);
关键点是标志SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS
,as MSDN says
用于表示 hProcess 成员收到进程句柄。此句柄通常用于允许应用程序查找使用
ShellExecuteEx
创建的进程何时终止
另外,请注意:
调用应用程序负责在不再需要时关闭句柄。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
您也可以使用CreateProcess而不是ShellExecute / ShellExecuteEx。此函数包括cmd.exe包装选项,返回退出代码,并返回stdout。 (包括可能不完美)。
注意:在我的使用中,我知道必须有stdout结果,但PeekedNamePipe函数在第一次尝试时不会总是返回字节数,因此循环就在那里。也许,有人能想出来并发布修订版?另外,也许应该生成另一个版本,它会单独返回stderr?
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <Shellapi.h>
/*
Note:
The exitCode for a "Cmd Process" is not the exitCode
for a sub process launched from it! That can be retrieved
via the errorlevel variable in the command line like so:
set errorlevel=&[launch command]&echo.&echo exitCode=%errorlevel%&echo.
The stdOut vector will then contain the exitCode on a seperate line
*/
BOOL executeCommandLine( const CStringW &command,
DWORD &exitCode,
const BOOL asCmdProcess=FALSE,
std::vector<CStringW> *stdOutLines=NULL )
{
// Init return values
BOOL bSuccess = FALSE;
exitCode = 0;
if( stdOutLines ) stdOutLines->clear();
// Optionally prepend cmd.exe to command line to execute
CStringW cmdLine( (asCmdProcess ? L"cmd.exe /C " : L"" ) +
command );
// Create a pipe for the redirection of the STDOUT
// of a child process.
HANDLE g_hChildStd_OUT_Rd = NULL;
HANDLE g_hChildStd_OUT_Wr = NULL;
SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES saAttr;
saAttr.nLength = sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
saAttr.bInheritHandle = TRUE;
saAttr.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
bSuccess = CreatePipe( &g_hChildStd_OUT_Rd,
&g_hChildStd_OUT_Wr, &saAttr, 0);
if( !bSuccess ) return bSuccess;
bSuccess = SetHandleInformation( g_hChildStd_OUT_Rd,
HANDLE_FLAG_INHERIT, 0 );
if( !bSuccess ) return bSuccess;
// Setup the child process to use the STDOUT redirection
PROCESS_INFORMATION piProcInfo;
STARTUPINFO siStartInfo;
ZeroMemory( &piProcInfo, sizeof(PROCESS_INFORMATION) );
ZeroMemory( &siStartInfo, sizeof(STARTUPINFO) );
siStartInfo.cb = sizeof(STARTUPINFO);
siStartInfo.hStdError = g_hChildStd_OUT_Wr;
siStartInfo.hStdOutput = g_hChildStd_OUT_Wr;
siStartInfo.dwFlags |= STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
// Execute a synchronous child process & get exit code
bSuccess = CreateProcess( NULL,
cmdLine.GetBuffer(), // command line
NULL, // process security attributes
NULL, // primary thread security attributes
TRUE, // handles are inherited
0, // creation flags
NULL, // use parent's environment
NULL, // use parent's current directory
&siStartInfo, // STARTUPINFO pointer
&piProcInfo ); // receives PROCESS_INFORMATION
if( !bSuccess ) return bSuccess;
WaitForSingleObject( piProcInfo.hProcess, (DWORD)(-1L) );
GetExitCodeProcess( piProcInfo.hProcess, &exitCode );
CloseHandle( piProcInfo.hProcess );
CloseHandle( piProcInfo.hThread );
// Return if the caller is not requesting the stdout results
if( !stdOutLines ) return TRUE;
// Read the data written to the pipe
DWORD bytesInPipe = 0;
while( bytesInPipe==0 ){
bSuccess = PeekNamedPipe( g_hChildStd_OUT_Rd, NULL, 0, NULL,
&bytesInPipe, NULL );
if( !bSuccess ) return bSuccess;
}
if( bytesInPipe == 0 ) return TRUE;
DWORD dwRead;
CHAR *pipeContents = new CHAR[ bytesInPipe ];
bSuccess = ReadFile( g_hChildStd_OUT_Rd, pipeContents,
bytesInPipe, &dwRead, NULL);
if( !bSuccess || dwRead == 0 ) return FALSE;
// Split the data into lines and add them to the return vector
std::stringstream stream( pipeContents );
std::string str;
while( getline( stream, str ) )
stdOutLines->push_back( CStringW( str.c_str() ) );
return TRUE;
}
答案 2 :(得分:0)
如果使用COM,有时无法使用ShellExecuteEx
,因此必须考虑以下注意事项。
因为ShellExecuteEx可以将执行委派给Shell扩展 (数据源,上下文菜单处理程序,动词实现)是 使用组件对象模型(COM)激活,COM应该是 在调用ShellExecuteEx之前初始化。一些Shell扩展 需要COM单线程单元(STA)类型。在这种情况下, COM应该按如下所示初始化:
CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED | COINIT_DISABLE_OLE1DDE)
在某些情况下,ShellExecuteEx不使用其中之一 类型的Shell扩展名和那些实例将不需要COM 完全被初始化。但是,始终保持良好的习惯 在使用此功能之前先初始化COM。
更多来自MSDN的信息 https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/shellapi/nf-shellapi-shellexecuteexa