如何在Fortran派生类型或类中实现类型绑定的write语句输出

时间:2013-07-03 23:32:50

标签: python oop fortran derived-types

假设我有这个简单的类:

   Module Foo
        ...
        character(len=3), parameter :: describe_Foo=(/'BAR', 'BED', 'BOD'/)
        ...
        type :: A
            real :: value
            integer :: descriptor
        contains
            procedure :: getter
            procedure :: setter
            ...
        end type A

   contains
        function writetype(self,...)
            ...
            write(writetype,*) self%value, describe_foo(self%descriptor)
        end function writetype
   ...
   end module Foo

如何将其接口定义为“write”,以便每次将此类型传递给write语句时,它都会输出类方法writetype定义的字符串。

换句话说,用Python的说法,我可以实现等效的__str__()方法吗?

我发现诱人的花絮表明这是可能的,请参阅User-defined derived-type Input/Output procedures (Fortran 2003) User-defined derived-type Input/Output procedure interfaces (Fortran 2003)。这些文档提供了足够的信息来编写我需要的方法,但是我仍然不清楚如何定义接口或过程规范以便我想要的行为发生。

示例应用程序:

program test
    ...
    type(A) :: bartype, bedtype
    ...
    bartype=A(120.0,1)
    bedtype=A(102.0,2)
    write(*,*) bartype,bedtype
end program test

期望的输出:

>test.exe
 120.0000 BAR
 102.0000 BED

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

您需要具有通用WRITE(FORMATTED)绑定,绑定到具有适当特征的特定过程。有关详细信息,请参阅F2008标准中的第9.6.4.8节。

type :: A
  real :: value
  integer :: descriptor
contains
  procedure :: writetype
  generic :: write(formatted) => writetype
end type A
...
subroutine writetype(dtv, unit, iotype, v_list, iostat, iomsg)
  ! Argument names here from the std, but you can name them differently.
  class(A), intent(in) :: dtv         ! Object to write.
  integer, intent(in) :: unit         ! Internal unit to write to.
  character(*), intent(in) :: iotype  ! LISTDIRECTED or DTxxx
  integer, intent(in) :: v_list(:)    ! parameters from fmt spec.
  integer, intent(out) :: iostat      ! non zero on error, etc.
  character(*), intent(inout) :: iomsg  ! define if iostat non zero.
  ...
  write (unit, "(F9.4,1X,A)", IOSTAT=iostat, IOMSG=iomsg)  &
      dtv%value, describe_foo(dtv%descriptor)
end subroutine writetype

值得注意的是,您需要一个实现此功能的编译器!