Question

在我之前的问题 - WCF client for consuming ASMX service with WS-Security之后，我需要配置一个WCF服务，该服务将使用WS-Security接收SOAP请求（请求样本可以在链接中找到）。

这是我的配置文件：

  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="Service.Service1" behaviorConfiguration="customBindingBehavior">
        <endpoint address="http://localhost/Service1.svc" 
                  binding="customBinding"
                  bindingConfiguration="NewBinding0" 
                  name="ServiceEndpoint"
                  contract="Service.Contracts.IService1" />
      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="customBindingBehavior">
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
          <serviceCredentials>
            <serviceCertificate findValue="xxx" x509FindType="FindByThumbprint" storeLocation="LocalMachine" storeName="My" />
            <clientCertificate>
              <certificate findValue="yyy" x509FindType="FindByThumbprint" storeLocation="LocalMachine" storeName="TrustedPeople" />
            </clientCertificate>
          </serviceCredentials>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <bindings>
      <customBinding>
        <binding name="NewBinding0">
          <textMessageEncoding messageVersion="Soap11WSAddressingAugust2004" />
          <security authenticationMode="MutualCertificate">
            <secureConversationBootstrap />
          </security>
          <httpTransport />
        </binding>
      </customBinding>
    </bindings>
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

服务证书包含私钥以便对响应进行签名。
客户端证书仅包含用于对请求进行签名的客户端私钥的相应公钥。

我收到与服务证书相关的以下异常：
“证书'CN = xxxxxx'必须有一个能够进行密钥交换的私钥。该进程必须具有私钥的访问权限。”

我该如何解决？

提前致谢！

编辑：

我得到的例外：

System.ArgumentException: It is likely that certificate 'CN=xxx' may not have a private key that is capable of key exchange or the process may not have access rights for the private key.
at System.ServiceModel.Security.SecurityUtils.EnsureCertificateCanDoKeyExchange(X509Certificate2 certificate)
at System.ServiceModel.Security.ServiceCredentialsSecurityTokenManager.CreateServerX509TokenProvider()
at System.ServiceModel.Security.ServiceCredentialsSecurityTokenManager.CreateLocalSecurityTokenProvider(RecipientServiceModelSecurityTokenRequirement recipientRequirement)
at System.ServiceModel.Security.ServiceCredentialsSecurityTokenManager.CreateSecurityTokenProvider(SecurityTokenRequirement requirement)
at System.ServiceModel.Security.AsymmetricSecurityProtocolFactory.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Security.WrapperSecurityCommunicationObject.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Security.SecurityProtocolFactory.Open(Boolean actAsInitiator, TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Security.SecurityListenerSettingsLifetimeManager.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.SecurityChannelListener`1.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ChannelDispatcher.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostBase.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open()
at Microsoft.Tools.SvcHost.ServiceHostHelper.OpenService(ServiceInfo info)

Answer 1

如果错误在服务器或客户端证书上，则不会从消息中清除。无论如何，您只需要配置服务器证书。客户端证书将根据您在行为中指定的策略进行验证。

你可以使用这个绑定：

<customBinding>
                <binding name="NewBinding0">
                    <textMessageEncoding messageVersion="Soap11" />
                    <security authenticationMode="MutualCertificate" messageSecurityVersion="WSSecurity10WSTrustFebruary2005WSSecureConversationFebruary2005WSSecurityPolicy11BasicSecurityProfile10">
                        <secureConversationBootstrap />
                    </security>
                    <httpTransport />
                </binding>
</customBinding>

还要确保用以下内容装饰服务合同：

[ServiceContract(ProtectionLevel=System.Net.ProtectionLevel.Sign)]

Answer 2

在Windows 8.1上使用Visual Studio 2012调试客户端应用程序时遇到了同样的问题。根据给出的错误消息，您在从Visual Studio运行应用程序时也会收到此错误。打开Visual Studio“以管理员身份运行”解决问题。

WCF服务配置异常“证书可能没有私钥......”

2 个答案: