我正在寻找使用matplotlib进行交互式绘图的示例（我发现here）
我刚刚将其修改为在函数内调用（称为test），如此
class PointBrowser:
def __init__(self,xs,ys):
self.xs = (xs)
self.ys = (ys)
self.fig = figure()
self.ax = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
self.line, = self.ax.plot(self.xs,self.ys,'ro ', picker=5)
self.lastind = 0
self.text = self.ax.text(0.05, 0.95, 'Datapoint index selected: none',
transform=self.ax.transAxes, va='top')
self.selected, = self.ax.plot([self.xs[0]],
[self.ys[0]], 'o', ms=12, alpha=0.4,
color='yellow', visible=False)
self.fig.canvas.mpl_connect('pick_event', self.onpick)
self.fig.canvas.mpl_connect('key_press_event', self.onpress)
def onpress(self, event):
'define some key press events'
if self.lastind is None: return
if event.key in ('q','Q'): sys.exit()
if event.key not in ('n', 'p'): return
if event.key=='n': inc = 1
else: inc = -1
self.lastind += inc
self.lastind = clip(self.lastind, 0, len(self.xs)-1)
self.update()
def onpick(self, event):
if event.artist!=self.line: return True
N = len(event.ind)
if not N: return True
if N > 1:
print '%i points found!' % N
# the click locations
x = event.mouseevent.xdata
y = event.mouseevent.ydata
dx = array(x-self.xs[event.ind],dtype=float)
dy = array(y-self.ys[event.ind],dtype=float)
distances = hypot(dx,dy)
indmin = distances.argmin()
dataind = event.ind[indmin]
self.lastind = dataind
self.update()
def update(self):
if self.lastind is None: return
dataind = self.lastind
self.selected.set_visible(True)
self.selected.set_data(self.xs[dataind], self.ys[dataind])
self.text.set_text('datapoint index selected: %d'%dataind)
# put a user function in here!
self.userfunc(dataind)
self.fig.canvas.draw()
def userfunc(self,dataind):
print 'No userfunc defined'
pass
def test():
import numpy as npy
X = npy.random.rand(100, 200)
xs = npy.mean(X, axis=1)
ys = npy.std(X, axis=1)
p = PointBrowser(xs,ys)
def plot2(dataind):
fig2 = figure(2)
ax2 = fig2.add_subplot(111)
ax2.cla()
ax2.plot(X[dataind])
ax2.text(0.05, 0.9, 'mu=%1.3f\nsigma=%1.3f'%(xs[dataind], ys[dataind]),
transform=ax2.transAxes, va='top')
ax2.set_ylim(-0.5, 1.5)
fig2.canvas.draw()
p.userfunc = plot2
xlabel('$\mu$')
ylabel('$\sigma$')
show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
test()
奇怪的是它现在不起作用。如果我删除该功能并将其正文放回“if 名称 =='主'”块下，则会按预期工作（如原始代码中所示）。< / p>
我正在尝试生成交互式绘图，作为我正在构建的课程的一部分，我很困惑为什么会发生这种情况。有什么想法吗？
答案 0 :(得分：0)
当我在ipython中运行你的代码时，我看到同样的事情：永远不会调用onpick()。
通过从命令行调用python example_code.py直接运行相同的代码将起到调用onpick()方法的作用;但是，它不会显示第二个数字。这在我看来是事件循环的问题，但我不确定。
但是，如果要在ipython中运行代码，可以使用以下代码，用一个类替换嵌套函数构造：
from numpy import *
from matplotlib.pyplot import *
class PointBrowser:
def __init__(self,xs,ys):
self.xs = (xs)
self.ys = (ys)
self.fig = figure()
self.ax = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
self.line, = self.ax.plot(self.xs,self.ys,'ro ', picker=5)
self.lastind = 0
self.text = self.ax.text(0.05, 0.95, 'Datapoint index selected: none',
transform=self.ax.transAxes, va='top')
self.selected, = self.ax.plot([self.xs[0]],
[self.ys[0]], 'o', ms=12, alpha=0.4,
color='yellow', visible=False)
self.fig.canvas.mpl_connect('pick_event', self.onpick)
self.fig.canvas.mpl_connect('key_press_event', self.onpress)
print "init done"
def onpress(self, event):
'define some key press events'
if self.lastind is None: return
if event.key in ('q','Q'): sys.exit()
if event.key not in ('n', 'p'): return
if event.key=='n': inc = 1
else: inc = -1
self.lastind += inc
self.lastind = clip(self.lastind, 0, len(self.xs)-1)
self.update()
def onpick(self, event):
print "in onpick"
if event.artist!=self.line: return True
N = len(event.ind)
if not N: return True
if N > 1:
print '%i points found!' % N
# the click locations
x = event.mouseevent.xdata
y = event.mouseevent.ydata
dx = array(x-self.xs[event.ind],dtype=float)
dy = array(y-self.ys[event.ind],dtype=float)
distances = hypot(dx,dy)
indmin = distances.argmin()
dataind = event.ind[indmin]
self.lastind = dataind
self.update()
def update(self):
print "in update"
if self.lastind is None: return
dataind = self.lastind
self.selected.set_visible(True)
self.selected.set_data(self.xs[dataind], self.ys[dataind])
self.text.set_text('datapoint index selected: %d'%dataind)
# put a user function in here!
self.userfunc(dataind)
self.fig.canvas.draw()
def userfunc(self,dataind):
print 'No userfunc defined'
pass
class Test2:
def __init__(self):
self.X = random.rand(100, 200)
self.xs = mean(self.X, axis=1)
self.ys = std(self.X, axis=1)
self.p = PointBrowser(self.xs,self.ys)
self.p.userfunc = self.plot2
xlabel('$\mu$')
ylabel('$\sigma$')
show()
def plot2(self, dataind):
fig2 = figure(2)
ax2 = fig2.add_subplot(111)
ax2.cla()
ax2.plot(self.X[dataind])
ax2.text(0.05, 0.9, 'mu=%1.3f\nsigma=%1.3f'%(self.xs[dataind], self.ys[dataind]),
transform=ax2.transAxes, va='top')
ax2.set_ylim(-0.5, 1.5)
fig2.canvas.draw()
if __name__ == '__main__':
Test2()
嵌套函数为您提供了自己的复杂程度，因为必须在闭包单元格中存储嵌套级别的局部变量，以便以后能够在嵌套函数终止时访问它们（与{{1一样）您的代码中有}，X和xs。