实体框架 - 仅更新非空值

时间:2013-06-29 23:00:39

标签: c# linq entity-framework

这对我来说有点新意。我被要求编写一个ETL程序,将两个数据集加载到同一个表中。数据集#1已完成,包含表的所有数据。但是,数据集#2仅包含需要覆盖到第一个数据集上的更改。观察:

//数据集#1:小部件表

+----+------+------+------+------+
| ID | COL1 | COL2 | COL3 | COL4 |
+----+------+------+------+------+
| 1  | abcd | abcd | abcd | abcd |
+----+------+------+------+------+
| 2  | abcd | abcd | abcd | abcd |
+----+------+------+------+------+

//数据集#2:Widgets_Changes表

+----+------+------+------+------+
| ID | COL1 | COL2 | COL3 | COL4 |
+----+------+------+------+------+
| 1  |      | efgh |      | ijkl |
+----+------+------+------+------+
| 2  | mnop |      | qrst |      |
+----+------+------+------+------+

//预期结果:包含所有更改的小组件

+----+------+------+------+------+
| ID | COL1 | COL2 | COL3 | COL4 |
+----+------+------+------+------+
| 1  | abcd | efgj | abcd | ijkl |
+----+------+------+------+------+
| 2  | mnop | abcd | qrst | abcd |
+----+------+------+------+------+

显而易见的方法(我试图避免)是将每个小部件拉出第一个表并进行逐个属性比较:

// Simplified example:
using ( var db = new MyEntityDatabase() ){

   var widget      = from p in db.Widgets select p where p.ID == 1;
   var widget_diff = from p in db.Widgets_Changes select p where p.ID == 1

   widget.COL1 = widget_diff.COL1 ?? widget.COL1;
   widget.COL2 = widget_diff.COL2 ?? widget.COL2;
   widget.COL3 = widget_diff.COL3 ?? widget.COL3;
   // ...etc

   db.saveChanges();
}

但是,此特定数据集中有超过200个字段,更多文件传入符合相同的方法(完整数据集伴随diff数据集)但完全具有不同的模式。显然,我宁愿有一些便携式的东西,我可以只运行文件,而不必为每个数据集硬编码逐个属性的比较。

有没有办法可以遍历两个对象的属性并更新非空的值?

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:10)

首先,你需要使用这样的东西来选择你想要更新的实体:

var widget      = db.Widgets.First(p => p.ID == 1);
var widget_diff = db.Widgets_Changes.First(p => p.ID == 1);

现在您只需使用反射来更新所有字段:

foreach(var fromProp in typepf(Widget).GetProperties())
{
    var toProp = typeof(Widget_Change).GetProperty(fromProp.Name);
    var toValue = toProp.GetValue(widget_diff, null);
    if (toValue != null)
    {
        fromProp.SetValue(widget, toValue, null);
    }
}

通过预先构建属性列表可以加快一点,所以你只需要使用一次反射:

public static class WidgetUtil
{
    public static readonly IEnumerable<Tuple<PropertyInfo, PropertyInfo>> PropertyMap;

    static Util()
    {
        var b = BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance;
        PropertyMap = 
            (from f in typeof(Widget).GetProperties(b)
             join t in typeof(WidgetChange).GetProperties(b) on f.Name equals t.Name
             select Tuple.Create(f, t))
            .ToArray();
    }
}

...

foreach(var propertyPair in WidgetUtil.PropertyMap)
{
    var toValue = propertyPair.Item2.GetValue(widget_diff, null);
    if (toValue != null)
    {
        propertyPair.Item1.SetValue(widget, toValue, null);
    }
}

如果你有很多这样的实体类型,你甚至可以考虑将它变成一个通用的实用程序:

public static class WidgetUtil<T1, T2>
{
    public static readonly IEnumerable<Tuple<PropertyInfo, PropertyInfo>> PropertyMap;

    static WidgetUtil()
    {
        var b = BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance;
        PropertyMap = 
            (from f in typeof(T1).GetProperties(b)
             join t in typeof(T2).GetProperties(b) on f.Name equals t.Name
             select Tuple.Create(f, t))
            .ToArray();
    }
}

答案 1 :(得分:5)

您可能希望使用反射。遍历每个窗口小部件/差异的所有属性/字段,获取该属性/字段的值,如果差异为空,则使用原始值。

using(var db = new MyEntityDatabase())
{
    var widget      = from p in db.Widgets select p where p.ID == 1;
    var widget_diff = from p in db.Widgets_Changes select p where p.ID == 1;

    var properties = typeof(MyWidgetType).GetProperties(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance);
    foreach(var property in properties)
    {
         //widget.column = widget_diff.column ?? widget.colum;
         property.SetValue(property.GetValue(widget_diff) ?? property.GetValue(widget), widget);
    }

    //You can do the same for fields here if the entity has any fields (probably not).
}

答案 2 :(得分:3)

@ pswg的答案很棒,但是当我尝试实现它时,我遇到了几个错误(比如你不能用obj.Equals(null)检查null,null没有Equals方法)

以下是@ p.s.w.g的完整复制可解决方案(很好的答案)(作为副产品)

静态泛型方法InjectNonNull获取要更新的源实体和带有空值的目标“sparce”实体,并仅传输目标实体上的非null属性。

    private static class PropertyLister<T1, T2>
    {
        public static readonly IEnumerable<Tuple<PropertyInfo, PropertyInfo>> PropertyMap;

        static PropertyLister()
        {
            var b = BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance;
            PropertyMap =
                (from f in typeof(T1).GetProperties(b)
                 join t in typeof(T2).GetProperties(b) on f.Name equals t.Name
                 select Tuple.Create(f, t))
                    .ToArray();
        }
    }


    public static T InjectNonNull<T>(T dest, T src)
    {
        foreach (var propertyPair in PropertyLister<T, T>.PropertyMap)
        {
            var fromValue = propertyPair.Item2.GetValue(src, null);
            if (fromValue != null && propertyPair.Item1.CanWrite)
            {

                propertyPair.Item1.SetValue(dest, fromValue, null);
            }
        }

        return dest;
    }