在C的主要功能中:
void main(int argc, char **argv)
{
// do something here
}
在命令行中,我们将输入任何数字,例如1
或2
作为输入,但它将被视为argv参数的char数组,但如何确保输入是一个数字,以防人们输入hello
或c
?
答案 0 :(得分:18)
另一种方法是使用isdigit函数。以下是代码:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#define MAXINPUT 100
int main()
{
char input[MAXINPUT] = "";
int length,i;
scanf ("%s", input);
length = strlen (input);
for (i=0;i<length; i++)
if (!isdigit(input[i]))
{
printf ("Entered input is not a number\n");
exit(1);
}
printf ("Given input is a number\n");
}
答案 1 :(得分:12)
您可以使用像strtol()
这样的函数将字符数组转换为long。
它有一个参数,用于检测未正确转换的第一个字符。如果这不是字符串结尾之外的任何内容,那么就会出现问题。
请参阅以下程序以获取示例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main( int argc, char *argv[]) {
int i;
long val;
char *next;
// Process each argument given.
for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
// Get value with failure detection.
val = strtol (argv[i], &next, 10);
// Check for empty string and characters left after conversion.
if ((next == argv[i]) || (*next != '\0')) {
printf ("'%s' is not valid\n", argv[i]);
} else {
printf ("'%s' gives %ld\n", argv[i], val);
}
}
return 0;
}
运行它,您可以在操作中看到它:
pax> testprog hello "" 42 12.2 77x
'hello' is not valid
'' is not valid
'42' gives 42
'12.2' is not valid
'77x' is not valid
答案 2 :(得分:3)
使用scanf
非常简单,这是一个例子:
if (scanf("%d", &val_a_tester) == 1)) {
... // it's an integer
}
答案 3 :(得分:3)
自制解决方案:
bool isNumeric(const char *str)
{
while(*str != '\0')
{
if(*str < '0' || *str > '9')
return false;
str++;
}
return true;
}
请注意,此解决方案不应在生产代码中使用,因为它具有严重的限制。但我喜欢理解 C-Strings和ASCII 。
答案 4 :(得分:2)
使用相当简单的代码:
int i;
int value;
int n;
char ch;
/* Skip i==0 because that will be the program name */
for (i=1; i<argc; i++) {
n = sscanf(argv[i], "%d%c", &value, &ch);
if (n != 1) {
/* sscanf didn't find a number to convert, so it wasn't a number */
}
else {
/* It was */
}
}
答案 5 :(得分:0)
我为此苦了一段时间,所以我想只加两分钱:
1)创建一个单独的函数来检查fgets输入是否完全由数字组成:
int integerCheck(){
char myInput[4];
fgets(myInput, sizeof(myInput), stdin);
int counter = 0;
int i;
for (i=0; myInput[i]!= '\0'; i++){
if (isalpha(myInput[i]) != 0){
counter++;
if(counter > 0){
printf("Input error: Please try again. \n ");
return main();
}
}
}
return atoi(myInput);
}
上面的代码开始循环遍历fgets输入的每个单元,直到结束NULL值为止。如果遇到字母或运算符,则会在初始设置为0的int“计数器”中添加“ 1”。一旦计数器大于0,嵌套的if语句将指示循环打印错误消息,然后重新启动程序。循环完成后,如果int'counter'仍为0,它将返回最初输入的整数以用于主函数...
2)主要功能是:
int main(void){
unsigned int numberOne;
unsigned int numberTwo;
numberOne = integerCheck();
numberTwo = integerCheck();
return numberOne*numberTwo;
}
假设正确输入了两个整数,则提供的示例将得出int“ numberOne”乘以int“ numberTwo”的结果。程序将重复很长时间才能获得两个正确输入的整数。
答案 6 :(得分:0)
if (sscanf(command_level[2], "%f%c", &check_f, &check_c)!=1)
{
is_num=false;
}
else
{
is_num=true;
}
if(sscanf(command_level[2],"%f",&check_f) != 1)
{
is_num=false;
}
怎么样?
答案 7 :(得分:-1)
在代码行方面,sscanf()解决方案更好。我的回答是一个与sscanf()几乎相同的用户构建函数。将转换后的数字存储在指针中,并返回一个称为“ val”的值。如果val显示为零,则输入格式不受支持,因此转换失败。因此,仅在val非零时才使用指针值。
仅当输入为10进制格式时,该功能才有效。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int CONVERT_3(double* Amt){
char number[100];
// Input the Data
printf("\nPlease enter the amount (integer only)...");
fgets(number,sizeof(number),stdin);
// Detection-Conversion begins
int iters = strlen(number)-2;
int val = 1;
int pos;
double Amount = 0;
*Amt = 0;
for(int i = 0 ; i <= iters ; i++ ){
switch(i){
case 0:
if(number[i]=='+'){break;}
if(number[i]=='-'){val = 2; break;}
if(number[i]=='.'){val = val + 10; pos = 0; break;}
if(number[i]=='0'){Amount = 0; break;}
if(number[i]=='1'){Amount = 1; break;}
if(number[i]=='2'){Amount = 2; break;}
if(number[i]=='3'){Amount = 3; break;}
if(number[i]=='4'){Amount = 4; break;}
if(number[i]=='5'){Amount = 5; break;}
if(number[i]=='6'){Amount = 6; break;}
if(number[i]=='7'){Amount = 7; break;}
if(number[i]=='8'){Amount = 8; break;}
if(number[i]=='9'){Amount = 9; break;}
default:
switch(number[i]){
case '.':
val = val + 10;
pos = i;
break;
case '0':
Amount = (Amount)*10;
break;
case '1':
Amount = (Amount)*10 + 1;
break;
case '2':
Amount = (Amount)*10 + 2;
break;
case '3':
Amount = (Amount)*10 + 3;
break;
case '4':
Amount = (Amount)*10 + 4;
break;
case '5':
Amount = (Amount)*10 + 5;
break;
case '6':
Amount = (Amount)*10 + 6;
break;
case '7':
Amount = (Amount)*10 + 7;
break;
case '8':
Amount = (Amount)*10 + 8;
break;
case '9':
Amount = (Amount)*10 + 9;
break;
default:
val = 0;
}
}
if( (!val) | (val>20) ){val = 0; break;}// val == 0
}
if(val==1){*Amt = Amount;}
if(val==2){*Amt = 0 - Amount;}
if(val==11){
int exp = iters - pos;
long den = 1;
for( ; exp-- ; ){
den = den*10;
}
*Amt = Amount/den;
}
if(val==12){
int exp = iters - pos;
long den = 1;
for( ; exp-- ; ){
den = den*10;
}
*Amt = 0 - (Amount/den);
}
return val;
}
int main(void) {
double AM = 0;
int c = CONVERT_3(&AM);
printf("\n\n%d %lf\n",c,AM);
return(0);
}