class Person
attr_accessor :name
def initialize(name)
@@name = name
people.push($)
end
end
它不必在初始化函数中。我只想要创建所有人员的数组。
p1 = Person.new("joe")
p2 = Person.new("rick")
people.inspect #-->would return [p1, p2]
答案 0 :(得分:4)
如果您只想要Person
的所有实例的列表,则无需在创建时添加它们。只需通过以下方式访问它们:
ObjectSpace.each_object(Person).to_a
答案 1 :(得分:2)
class Person
@all = []
def self.all; @all; end
attr_accessor :name
def initialize(name)
@name = name
self.class.all << self
end
end
p1 = Person.new("joe")
p2 = Person.new("rick")
p Person.all
#=> [#<Person:0x007f9d1c8c4838 @name="joe">,
#=> #<Person:0x007f9d1c8bb0d0 @name="rick">]
答案 2 :(得分:1)
我强制要在这里介绍my NameMagic
:
# first, gem install y_support
require 'y_support/name_magic'
class Person
include NameMagic
# here, Person receives for free the following functionality:
# * ability to use :name (alias :ɴ) named argument in the constructor
# * #name (alias #ɴ) instance method
# * #name= naming / renaming method
# * ability to name anonymous instances by merely assigning to constants
# * collection of both named and anonymous instances inside the namespace
# * hooks to modify the name, or do something else when the name is assigned
# * ability to specify a different namespace than mother class for instance collection
end
Joe = Person.new #=> #<Person:0xb7ca89f8>
Rick = Person.new #=> #<Person:0xb7ca57bc>
Joe.name #=> :Joe
Rick.ɴ #=> :Rick
Person.instances # [#<Person:0xb7ca89f8>, #<Person:0xb7ca57bc>]
Person.instance_names # [:Joe, :Rick]
Person.new name: "Kit" #=> #<Person:0xb9776244>
Person.instance_names #=> [:Joe, :Rick, :Kit]
p3 = Person.instance( :Kit ) #=> #<Person:0xb9776244>
p2 = Person.instance( "Rick" ) #=> #<Person:0xb7ca57bc>
# Also works if the argument is already a Person instance:
p1 = Person.instance( Person.instance( :Joe ) ) #=> #<Person:0xb9515ba8>
anon = Person.new #=> #<Person:0xb9955c54>
Person.instances.size #=> 4
Person.instance_names #=> [:Joe, :Rick, :Kit]
anon.name = :Hugo
Person.instance_names #=> [:Joe, :Rick, :Kit, :Hugo]
Person::Hugo #=> #<Person:0xb9955c54>
关于垃圾收集的问题,可以忘记实例
Person.forget :Hugo #=> Returns, for the last time, "Hugo" instance
Person::Hugo #=> NameError
Person.forget_all_instances #=> [:Joe, :Rick, :Kit]
Person.instances #=> [] - everything is free to be GCed
引擎盖NameMagic
使用与@sawa提议的方法相同的方法(至少在Ruby核心开发者提供const_assigned
挂钩之前),即搜索整个ObjectSpace
- 但不是对于母对象的实例,但对于名称空间(Module
类对象),搜索其常量以查找分配给它们的未命名实例。