是否可以从理解中将结果编译成唯一列表?

时间:2013-06-24 01:31:30

标签: python

上下文将整数列表拆分为自己的偶数和奇数列表。

    even = []
    odd = []
    for i in my_list:
        if i % 2 == 0:
            even.append(i)
        else:
            odd.append(i)

有没有办法将上面变成一个漂亮,紧凑的列表理解...?

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

不使用副作用并丢弃结果。你可以这样做:

even = []
odd = []
for i in my_list:
    (odd if i % 2 else even).append(i)

这个问题一般称为分区列表,您可以通过搜索SO找到some solutions,但没有一个更清晰(在Python中)。

答案 1 :(得分:4)

不是真的,你可以使用副作用破解一些东西,但这不是列表理解的内容

>>> even = []
>>> odd = []
>>> [(odd if i%2 else even).append(i) for i in range(10)]
[None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None] # it's a waste to make this list
>>> even
[0, 2, 4, 6, 8]
>>> odd
[1, 3, 5, 7, 9]

稍微浪费(但更难理解)就是这个

>>> even = []
>>> odd = [i for i in range(10) if i%2 or even.append(i)]
>>> even
[0, 2, 4, 6, 8]
>>> odd
[1, 3, 5, 7, 9]

但是,您可以使用第一个列表推导中的条件来简化循环

even = []
odd = []
for i in my_list:                     # Doesn't make a pointless list of `None`
    (odd if i%2 else even).append(i) 

如果my_list真的很长,可能值得将append方法绑定到局部变量以保存额外的查找(为10000的列表节省~30%)

even = []
odd = []
even_append = even.append
odd_append = odd.append
for i in my_list:
    (odd_append if i%2 else even_append)(i) 

另一种加速是使用i&1代替i%2选择偶数或奇数

答案 2 :(得分:3)

如果奇数/偶数匹配列表索引,您可以使用切片来执行此操作:

>>> my_list=list(range(20))
>>> even,odd=my_list[0::2],my_list[1::2]
>>> even
[0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18]
>>> odd
[1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19]

如果你只想要紧凑(和快速):

>>> isodd=lambda x: x%2                                                     
>>> random.shuffle(my_list)
>>> even,odd=[x for x in my_list if not isodd(x)],[x for x in my_list if isodd(x)]
>>> even
[12, 6, 2, 18, 14, 0, 10, 16, 8, 4]
>>> odd
[17, 1, 19, 11, 15, 5, 9, 13, 7, 3]

答案 3 :(得分:1)

单程:

my_list=[i for i in range(50)]
lists=[[], []]
[ lists[x % 2].append(x) for x in my_list ]
print lists[0]
print lists[1]

答案 4 :(得分:1)

不是世界上最短(或最好)的列表理解,但至少它是无副作用的,它是在不使用append()的情况下以函数式编程风格编写的。你走了:

lst = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

even, odd = [[x for x in y if x is not None] for y in zip(*((None, e) if e % 2 else (e, None) for e in lst))]

even
=> [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]

odd
=> [1, 3, 5, 7, 9]