我正在尝试使用preg_match搜索UTF8编码的字符串。
preg_match('/H/u', "\xC2\xA1Hola!", $a_matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE);
echo $a_matches[0][1];
这应该打印1,因为“H”在字符串“¡Hola!”中的索引1处。但它打印2.所以看起来它并没有将主题视为UTF8编码的字符串,即使我在正则表达式中传递了“u”modifier。
我的php.ini中有以下设置,其他UTF8函数正在运行:
mbstring.func_overload = 7
mbstring.language = Neutral
mbstring.internal_encoding = UTF-8
mbstring.http_input = pass
mbstring.http_output = pass
mbstring.encoding_translation = Off
有什么想法吗?
答案 0 :(得分:35)
虽然 u 修饰符使得模式和主题都被解释为UTF-8,但捕获的偏移仍然以字节计算。
您可以使用mb_strlen
获取UTF-8字符而不是字节的长度:
$str = "\xC2\xA1Hola!";
preg_match('/H/u', $str, $a_matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE);
echo mb_strlen(substr($str, 0, $a_matches[0][1]));
答案 1 :(得分:25)
尝试在正则表达式之前添加(* UTF8):
preg_match('(*UTF8)/H/u', "\xC2\xA1Hola!", $a_matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE);
魔术,感谢评论 http://www.php.net/manual/es/function.preg-match.php#95828
答案 2 :(得分:18)
看起来这是一个“功能”,请参阅 http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=37391
'u'开关只对pcre有意义,PHP本身并不知道它。
从PHP的角度来看,字符串是字节序列,返回的字节偏移似乎是逻辑的(我不说“正确”)。
答案 3 :(得分:5)
对不起necroposting,但可能有人会发现它很有用:下面的代码可以作为preg_match和preg_match_all函数的替换,并返回与UTF8编码字符串的正确偏移的正确匹配。
mb_internal_encoding('UTF-8');
/**
* Returns array of matches in same format as preg_match or preg_match_all
* @param bool $matchAll If true, execute preg_match_all, otherwise preg_match
* @param string $pattern The pattern to search for, as a string.
* @param string $subject The input string.
* @param int $offset The place from which to start the search (in bytes).
* @return array
*/
function pregMatchCapture($matchAll, $pattern, $subject, $offset = 0)
{
$matchInfo = array();
$method = 'preg_match';
$flag = PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE;
if ($matchAll) {
$method .= '_all';
}
$n = $method($pattern, $subject, $matchInfo, $flag, $offset);
$result = array();
if ($n !== 0 && !empty($matchInfo)) {
if (!$matchAll) {
$matchInfo = array($matchInfo);
}
foreach ($matchInfo as $matches) {
$positions = array();
foreach ($matches as $match) {
$matchedText = $match[0];
$matchedLength = $match[1];
$positions[] = array(
$matchedText,
mb_strlen(mb_strcut($subject, 0, $matchedLength))
);
}
$result[] = $positions;
}
if (!$matchAll) {
$result = $result[0];
}
}
return $result;
}
$s1 = 'Попробуем русскую строку для теста';
$s2 = 'Try english string for test';
var_dump(pregMatchCapture(true, '/обу/', $s1));
var_dump(pregMatchCapture(false, '/обу/', $s1));
var_dump(pregMatchCapture(true, '/lish/', $s2));
var_dump(pregMatchCapture(false, '/lish/', $s2));
我的例子的输出:
array(1) {
[0]=>
array(1) {
[0]=>
array(2) {
[0]=>
string(6) "обу"
[1]=>
int(4)
}
}
}
array(1) {
[0]=>
array(2) {
[0]=>
string(6) "обу"
[1]=>
int(4)
}
}
array(1) {
[0]=>
array(1) {
[0]=>
array(2) {
[0]=>
string(4) "lish"
[1]=>
int(7)
}
}
}
array(1) {
[0]=>
array(2) {
[0]=>
string(4) "lish"
[1]=>
int(7)
}
}
答案 4 :(得分:1)
如果您只想找到H的多字节安全位置,请尝试mb_strpos()
mb_internal_encoding('UTF-8');
$str = "\xC2\xA1Hola!";
$pos = mb_strpos($str, 'H');
echo $str."\n";
echo $pos."\n";
echo mb_substr($str,$pos,1)."\n";
输出:
¡Hola!
1
H
答案 5 :(得分:1)
我写了一个小类来将preg_match返回的偏移量转换为正确的utf偏移量:
final class NonUtfToUtfOffset
{
/** @var int[] */
private $utfMap = [];
public function __construct(string $content)
{
$contentLength = mb_strlen($content);
for ($offset = 0; $offset < $contentLength; $offset ++) {
$char = mb_substr($content, $offset, 1);
$nonUtfLength = strlen($char);
for ($charOffset = 0; $charOffset < $nonUtfLength; $charOffset ++) {
$this->utfMap[] = $offset;
}
}
}
public function convertOffset(int $nonUtfOffset): int
{
return $this->utfMap[$nonUtfOffset];
}
}
你可以这样使用它:
$content = 'aą bać d';
$offsetConverter = new NonUtfToUtfOffset($content);
preg_match_all('#(bać)#ui', $content, $m, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE);
foreach ($m[1] as [$word, $offset]) {
echo "bad: " . mb_substr($content, $offset, mb_strlen($word))."\n";
echo "good: " . mb_substr($content, $offsetConverter->convertOffset($offset), mb_strlen($word))."\n";
}
答案 6 :(得分:0)
您可能想看看T-Regx库。
pattern('/Hola/u')->match('\xC2\xA1Hola!')->first(function (Match $match)
{
echo $match->offset(); // characters
echo $match->byteOffset(); // bytes
});
此$match->offset()
是UTF-8安全偏移量。