Question

我有：

/var/cache/pacman/pkg/vim-runtime-7.3.754-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.xz
/var/cache/pacman/pkg/vim-7.3.918-2-x86_64.pkg.tar.xz

格式为：

cachedir               package     packageVersion packageRelease architecture extesnion
/var/cache/pacman/pkg/ vim-runtime 7.3.754        1              x86_64       pkg.tar.xz
/var/cache/pacman/pkg/ vim         7.3.918        2              x86_64       pkg.tar.xz

所以我想最终能够从原始字符串中提取任何内容 *包名称中可以包含连字符

任何帮助都会被认定

Answer 1

将basename与sed一起使用：

basename "/var/cache/pacman/pkg/vim-runtime-7.3.754-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.xz" \
| sed 's/\([a-z\-]*\)\-\(.*\)/\1/i'

输出：

vim-runtime  # or ..
vim

Answer 2

提示：

$ cachedir=$(dirname /var/cache/pacman/pkg/vim-runtime-7.3.754-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.xz)
$ printf '%s\n' "$cachedir"
/var/cache/pacman/pkg

$ basename=$(basename /var/cache/pacman/pkg/vim-runtime-7.3.754-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.xz)
$ printf '%s\n' "$basename"
vim-runtime-7.3.754-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.xz

$ IFS=- read -a components <<< "$basename"
$ printf '%s\n' "${components[@]}"
vim
runtime
7.3.754
1
x86_64.pkg.tar.xz

$ printf '%s\n' "${components[-1]}"
x86_64.pkg.tar.xz

$ extension="${components[-1]#*.}"
$ printf '%s\n' "$extension"
pkg.tar.xz

$ architecture="${components[-1]%%.*}"
$ printf '%s\n' "$architecture"
x86_64

$ packageRelease="${components[-2]%%.*}"
$ printf '%s\n' "$packageRelease"
1

$ packageVersion="${components[-3]}"
$ printf '%s\n' "$packageVersion"
7.3.754

$ package=$(echo "${components[@]:0:$((${#components[@]} - 3))}" | tr -s ' ' '-')
$ printf '%s\n' "$package"
vim-runtime

Answer 3

像那样：

var='/var/cache/pacman/pkg/vim-runtime-7.3.754-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.xz'; basename ${var%%-[0-9]*}

需要从字符串中提取字符串

3 个答案: