Question

我正在尝试使用Python读取.xls文件。该文件包含多个非ascii字符（即äöü）。我已经尝试过使用openpyxls和xlrd（我对xlrd寄予厚望，因为它无论如何都会读取unicode中的所有内容），但都没有工作。

我在尝试从xls打印信息时发现了多个处理编码/解码的答案，但我似乎无法达到目标。只需尝试读取文件后，此脚本就会出错：

import xlrd
workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('export_data.xls')

导致：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Administrator\workspace\tufinderxlstoxml\tufinderxlstoxml2.py", line 2, in <module>
    workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('export_data.xls')
  File "C:\Python27_32\lib\site-packages\xlrd\__init__.py", line 435, in open_workbook
    ragged_rows=ragged_rows,
  File "C:\Python27_32\lib\site-packages\xlrd\book.py", line 119, in open_workbook_xls
    bk.get_sheets()
  File "C:\Python27_32\lib\site-packages\xlrd\book.py", line 705, in get_sheets
    self.get_sheet(sheetno)
  File "C:\Python27_32\lib\site-packages\xlrd\book.py", line 696, in get_sheet
    sh.read(self)
  File "C:\Python27_32\lib\site-packages\xlrd\sheet.py", line 796, in read
    strg = unpack_string(data, 6, bk.encoding or bk.derive_encoding(), lenlen=2)
  File "C:\Python27_32\lib\site-packages\xlrd\biffh.py", line 269, in unpack_string
    return unicode(data[pos:pos+nchars], encoding)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0x92 in position 55: ordinal not in range(128)
WARNING *** OLE2 inconsistency: SSCS size is 0 but SSAT size is non-zero
*** No CODEPAGE record, no encoding_override: will use 'ascii'
*** No CODEPAGE record, no encoding_override: will use 'ascii'

我也试过了：

workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('export_data.xls', encoding_override="utf-8")

导致：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Administrator\workspace\tufinderxlstoxml\tufinderxlstoxml2.py", line 2, in <module>
    workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('export_data.xls', encoding_override="utf-8")
  File "C:\Python27_32\lib\site-packages\xlrd\__init__.py", line 435, in open_workbook
    ragged_rows=ragged_rows,
  File "C:\Python27_32\lib\site-packages\xlrd\book.py", line 119, in open_workbook_xls
    bk.get_sheets()
  File "C:\Python27_32\lib\site-packages\xlrd\book.py", line 705, in get_sheets
    self.get_sheet(sheetno)
  File "C:\Python27_32\lib\site-packages\xlrd\book.py", line 696, in get_sheet
    sh.read(self)
  File "C:\Python27_32\lib\site-packages\xlrd\sheet.py", line 796, in read
    strg = unpack_string(data, 6, bk.encoding or bk.derive_encoding(), lenlen=2)
  File "C:\Python27_32\lib\site-packages\xlrd\biffh.py", line 269, in unpack_string
    return unicode(data[pos:pos+nchars], encoding)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf8' codec can't decode byte 0x92 in position 55: invalid start byte
WARNING *** OLE2 inconsistency: SSCS size is 0 but SSAT size is non-zero

并包括顶部的各种版本：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

我在Windows Server 2008计算机上的python 2.7上运行它。

Answer 1

感谢大家的反馈！

我最终使用encoding_override函数修复了它。我无法找到cp代码对应德语字符的Microsoft文档，所以我尝试了所有这些。最终我得到了cp1251，它有效！

workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(path, encoding_override="cp1251")

Answer 2

从我对OOo文档的阅读中，xls使用了unfode的utf_16_le风格，而不是utf8（即每个字符存储的小端只使用两个字节），请尝试：

workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('export_data.xls', encoding_override="utf_16_le")

（参见http://www.openoffice.org/sc/excelfileformat.pdf第17页）

Answer 3

有点晚了，但我希望您尝试unicodecsv进行编码。

从python中的xls读取unicode

3 个答案: