免责声明：请详细说明此问题的长度。对于我见过的现实问题，这是一个反复出现的问题 数百次没有明确的工作解决方案 呈现。
我想要使用PHP批量缩进数百个HTML文件。起初我想过使用Tidy，但正如你应该知道的那样，默认情况下它与HTML5标签和属性不兼容，经过一些研究甚至更多的测试我得出了以下实现“伪造”HTML 5支持：
function Tidy5($string, $options = null, $encoding = 'utf8')
{
$tags = array();
$default = array
(
'anchor-as-name' => false,
'break-before-br' => true,
'char-encoding' => $encoding,
'decorate-inferred-ul' => false,
'doctype' => 'omit',
'drop-empty-paras' => false,
'drop-font-tags' => true,
'drop-proprietary-attributes' => false,
'force-output' => true,
'hide-comments' => false,
'indent' => true,
'indent-attributes' => false,
'indent-spaces' => 2,
'input-encoding' => $encoding,
'join-styles' => false,
'logical-emphasis' => false,
'merge-divs' => false,
'merge-spans' => false,
'new-blocklevel-tags' => ' article aside audio details dialog figcaption figure footer header hgroup menutidy nav section source summary track video',
'new-empty-tags' => 'command embed keygen source track wbr',
'new-inline-tags' => 'btidy canvas command data datalist embed itidy keygen mark meter output progress time wbr',
'newline' => 0,
'numeric-entities' => false,
'output-bom' => false,
'output-encoding' => $encoding,
'output-html' => true,
'preserve-entities' => true,
'quiet' => true,
'quote-ampersand' => true,
'quote-marks' => false,
'repeated-attributes' => 1,
'show-body-only' => true,
'show-warnings' => false,
'sort-attributes' => 1,
'tab-size' => 4,
'tidy-mark' => false,
'vertical-space' => true,
'wrap' => 0,
);
$doctype = $menu = null;
if ((strncasecmp($string, '<!DOCTYPE', 9) === 0) || (strncasecmp($string, '<html', 5) === 0))
{
$doctype = '<!DOCTYPE html>'; $options['show-body-only'] = false;
}
$options = (is_array($options) === true) ? array_merge($default, $options) : $default;
foreach (array('b', 'i', 'menu') as $tag)
{
if (strpos($string, '<' . $tag . ' ') !== false)
{
$tags[$tag] = array
(
'<' . $tag . ' ' => '<' . $tag . 'tidy ',
'</' . $tag . '>' => '</' . $tag . 'tidy>',
);
$string = str_replace(array_keys($tags[$tag]), $tags[$tag], $string);
}
}
$string = tidy_repair_string($string, $options, $encoding);
if (empty($string) !== true)
{
foreach ($tags as $tag)
{
$string = str_replace($tag, array_keys($tag), $string);
}
if (isset($doctype) === true)
{
$string = $doctype . "\n" . $string;
}
return $string;
}
return false;
}
它有效但有2个缺陷：HTML评论，script和style标记未正确缩进：
<link href="/_/style/form.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"><!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="//html5shim.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
<!--<script type="text/javascript" src="//raw.github.com/kevinburke/tecate/master/tecate.js"></script>-->
</script><script charset="UTF-8" src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-datepicker/1.0.0/js/locales/bootstrap-datepicker.pt.js" type="text/javascript">
</script><!--<script src="/3rd/parsley/i18n/messages.pt_br.js"></script>-->
<!--<script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/parsley.js/1.1.10/parsley.min.js"></script>-->
<script src="/3rd/select2/locales/select2_locale_pt-PT.js" type="text/javascript">
</script><script src="/3rd/tcrosen/bootstrap-typeahead.js" type="text/javascript">
另一个缺陷，更为重要：Tidy将所有menu代码转换为ul并坚持放弃任何 空内嵌代码，迫使我破解它。为了清楚地说明这一点，以下是一些例子：
<br>空标记<i>text</i>内嵌标记<i class="icon-home"></i> 空 内联标记（来自Font Awesome的示例）如果您检查代码，您会注意到我使用 not-perfect {已经考虑了b，i和menu代码{1}} hack - 我本可以使用更强大的正则表达式甚至str_replace来完成同样的事情，但就我的目的而言，str_ireplace更快更好。但是，这仍然留下任何其他空内联标记，我没有考虑到，这很糟糕。
所以我转向str_replace，但我很快发现，为了DOMDocument能够工作，我必须：
formatOutput＆gt; '~>[[:space:]]++<~m'）><，因此不会将\n编码为\r例如令我惊讶的是，DOMDocument也存在空内联标记的问题，基本上，每当它看到或类似内容时，它会将其转换为<i class="icon-home"></i><someOtherTag>text</someOtherTag>，这将完全搞乱页面的浏览器呈现。为了解决这个问题，我发现使用<i class="icon-home"><someOtherTag>text</someOtherTag></i>和LIBXML_NOEMPTYTAG会将没有内容的任何标记（包括真正的空标记，例如DOMDocument::saveXML()）转换为内联结束标记，例如：
<br />保持不变（应该如此）<i class="icon-home"></i>变得<br>弄乱了浏览器渲染（再次）要解决这个问题，我必须使用寻找<br></br>的正则表达式，并用简单的~></(?:area|base(?:font)?|br|col|command|embed|frame|hr|img|input|keygen|link|meta|param|source|track|wbr)>~替换匹配的字符串。 />的另一个主要问题是它在我的saveXML()和<![CDATA[内部HTML中添加了]]> .. script块，这会导致其内容无效，而我必须再次返回并style这些令牌。这“有效”：
preg_replace好像two most recommended and validated methods of indenting HTML似乎没有为HTML5生成正确或可靠的结果，我不得不屈服于dark god Cthulhu。
我确实尝试过其他库，例如：
function DOM5($html)
{
$dom = new \DOMDocument();
if (libxml_use_internal_errors(true) === true)
{
libxml_clear_errors();
}
$html = mb_convert_encoding($html, 'HTML-ENTITIES', 'UTF-8');
$html = preg_replace(array('~\R~u', '~>[[:space:]]++<~m'), array("\n", '><'), $html);
if ((empty($html) !== true) && ($dom->loadHTML($html) === true))
{
$dom->formatOutput = true;
if (($html = $dom->saveXML($dom->documentElement, LIBXML_NOEMPTYTAG)) !== false)
{
$regex = array
(
'~' . preg_quote('<![CDATA[', '~') . '~' => '',
'~' . preg_quote(']]>', '~') . '~' => '',
'~></(?:area|base(?:font)?|br|col|command|embed|frame|hr|img|input|keygen|link|meta|param|source|track|wbr)>~' => ' />',
);
return '<!DOCTYPE html>' . "\n" . preg_replace(array_keys($regex), $regex, $html);
}
}
return false;
}
工作DOMDocument::$formatOutput相同的问题，但它支持HTML5标记/属性此时，如果没有更好的解决方案，我正在考虑编写仅适用于正则表达式的东西。但我认为，使用自定义XSLT可能会强制tidy使用HTML5和DOMDocument / script标记。我之前从未玩过XSLT，所以我不知道这是否真实，也许你们中的一位XML专家可以告诉我，也许可以提供一个起点。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
您尚未提及您的目的是为了生产目的还是为了开发而转换页面，例如在调试HTML输出时。
如果是后者，并且由于您已经提到已经编写了基于Regex的解决方案，我已经为此目的编写了Dindent。
您尚未包含输入和预期输出的示例。您可以使用sandbox来测试我的实现。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
美化我的HTML5代码我写了一个小的PHP-Class。它并不完美，但基本上以相对快速的方式为我的目的做这些事情。也许它很有用。
<?php
namespace LBR\LbrService;
/**
* This script has no licensing-model - do what you want to do with it.
*
* This script is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
*
* @author 2014 sunixzs <sunixzs@gmail.com>
*
* What does this script do?
* Take unlovely HTML-sourcecode, remove temporarily any sections that should not
* be processed (p.e. textarea, pre and script), then remove all spaces and linebreaks
* to define them new by referencing some tag-lists. After this intend the new created
* lines also by refence to tag-lists. At the end put the temporary stuff back to the
* new generated hopefully beautiful sourcecode.
*
*/
class BeautifyMyHtml {
/**
* HTML-Tags which should not be processed.
* Only tags with opening and closing tag does work: <example some="attributes">some content</example>
* <img src="some.source" alt="" /> does not work because of the short end.
*
* @var array
*/
protected $tagsToIgnore = array (
'script',
'textarea',
'pre',
'style'
);
/**
* Code-Blocks which should not be processed are temporarily stored in this array.
*
* @var array
*/
protected $tagsToIgnoreBlocks = array ();
/**
* The tag to ignore at currently used runtime.
* I had to define this in class and not local in method to get the
* possibility to access this on anonymous function in preg_replace_callback.
*
* @var string
*/
protected $currentTagToIgnore;
/**
* Remove white-space before and after each line of blocks, which should not be processed?
*
* @var boolen
*/
protected $trimTagsToIgnore = false;
/**
* Character used for indentation
*
* @var string
*/
protected $spaceCharacter = "\t";
/**
* Remove html-comments?
*
* @var boolen
*/
protected $removeComments = false;
/**
* preg_replace()-Pattern which define opening tags to wrap with newlines.
* <tag> becomes \n<tag>\n
*
* @var array
*/
protected $openTagsPattern = array (
"/(<html\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<head\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<body\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<link\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<meta\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<div\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<section\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<nav\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<table\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<thead\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<tbody\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<tr\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<th\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<td\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<ul\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<li\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<figure\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<select\b[^>]*>)/i"
);
/**
* preg_replace()-Pattern which define tags prepended with a newline.
* <tag> becomes \n<tag>
*
* @var array
*/
protected $patternWithLineBefore = array (
"/(<p\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<h[0-9]\b[^>]*>)/i",
"/(<option\b[^>]*>)/i"
);
/**
* preg_replace()-Pattern which define closing tags to wrap with newlines.
* </tag> becomes \n</tag>\n
*
* @var array
*/
protected $closeTagsPattern = array (
"/(<\/html>)/i",
"/(<\/head>)/i",
"/(<\/body>)/i",
"/(<\/link>)/i",
"/(<\/meta>)/i",
"/(<\/div>)/i",
"/(<\/section>)/i",
"/(<\/nav>)/i",
"/(<\/table>)/i",
"/(<\/thead>)/i",
"/(<\/tbody>)/i",
"/(<\/tr>)/i",
"/(<\/th>)/i",
"/(<\/td>)/i",
"/(<\/ul>)/i",
"/(<\/li>)/i",
"/(<\/figure>)/i",
"/(<\/select>)/i"
);
/**
* preg_match()-Pattern with tag-names to increase indention.
*
* @var string
*/
protected $indentOpenTagsPattern = "/<(html|head|body|div|section|nav|table|thead|tbody|tr|th|td|ul|figure|li)\b[ ]*[^>]*[>]/i";
/**
* preg_match()-Pattern with tag-names to decrease indention.
*
* @var string
*/
protected $indentCloseTagsPattern = "/<\/(html|head|body|div|section|nav|table|thead|tbody|tr|th|td|ul|figure|li)>/i";
/**
* Constructor
*/
public function __construct() {
}
/**
* Adds a Tag which should be returned as the way in source.
*
* @param string $tagToIgnore
* @throws RuntimeException
* @return void
*/
public function addTagToIgnore($tagToIgnore) {
if (! preg_match( '/^[a-zA-Z]+$/', $tagToIgnore )) {
throw new RuntimeException( "Only characters from a to z are allowed as tag.", 1393489077 );
}
if (! in_array( $tagToIgnore, $this->tagsToIgnore )) {
$this->tagsToIgnore[] = $tagToIgnore;
}
}
/**
* Setter for trimTagsToIgnore.
*
* @param boolean $bool
* @return void
*/
public function setTrimTagsToIgnore($bool) {
$this->trimTagsToIgnore = $bool;
}
/**
* Setter for removeComments.
*
* @param boolean $bool
* @return void
*/
public function setRemoveComments($bool) {
$this->removeComments = $bool;
}
/**
* Callback function used by preg_replace_callback() to store the blocks which should be ignored and set a marker to replace them later again with the blocks.
*
* @param array $e
* @return string
*/
private function tagsToIgnoreCallback($e) {
// build key for reference
$key = '<' . $this->currentTagToIgnore . '>' . sha1( $this->currentTagToIgnore . $e[0] ) . '</' . $this->currentTagToIgnore . '>';
// trim each line
if ($this->trimTagsToIgnore) {
$lines = explode( "\n", $e[0] );
array_walk( $lines, function (&$n) {
$n = trim( $n );
} );
$e[0] = implode( PHP_EOL, $lines );
}
// add block to storage
$this->tagsToIgnoreBlocks[$key] = $e[0];
return $key;
}
/**
* The main method.
*
* @param string $buffer The HTML-Code to process
* @return string The nice looking sourcecode
*/
public function beautify($buffer) {
// remove blocks, which should not be processed and add them later again using keys for reference
foreach ( $this->tagsToIgnore as $tag ) {
$this->currentTagToIgnore = $tag;
$buffer = preg_replace_callback( '/<' . $this->currentTagToIgnore . '\b[^>]*>([\s\S]*?)<\/' . $this->currentTagToIgnore . '>/mi', array (
$this,
'tagsToIgnoreCallback'
), $buffer );
}
// temporarily remove comments to keep original linebreaks
$this->currentTagToIgnore = 'htmlcomment';
$buffer = preg_replace_callback( "/<!--(?!\s*(?:\[if [^\]]+]|<!|>))(?:(?!-->).)*-->/ms", array (
$this,
'tagsToIgnoreCallback'
), $buffer );
// cleanup source
// ... all in one line
// ... remove double spaces
// ... remove tabulators
$buffer = preg_replace( array (
"/\s\s+|\n/",
"/ +/",
"/\t+/"
), array (
"",
" ",
""
), $buffer );
// remove comments, if
if ($this->removeComments) {
$buffer = preg_replace( "/<!--(?!\s*(?:\[if [^\]]+]|<!|>))(?:(?!-->).)*-->/ms", "", $buffer );
}
// add newlines for several tags
$buffer = preg_replace( $this->patternWithLineBefore, "\n$1", $buffer ); // tags with line before tag
$buffer = preg_replace( $this->openTagsPattern, "\n$1\n", $buffer ); // opening tags
$buffer = preg_replace( $this->closeTagsPattern, "\n$1\n", $buffer ); // closing tags
// get the html each line and do indention
$lines = explode( "\n", $buffer );
$indentionLevel = 0;
$cleanContent = array (); // storage for indented lines
foreach ( $lines as $line ) {
// continue loop on empty lines
if (! $line) {
continue;
}
// test for closing tags
if (preg_match( $this->indentCloseTagsPattern, $line )) {
$indentionLevel --;
}
// push content
$cleanContent[] = str_repeat( $this->spaceCharacter, $indentionLevel ) . $line;
// test for opening tags
if (preg_match( $this->indentOpenTagsPattern, $line )) {
$indentionLevel ++;
}
}
// write indented lines back to buffer
$buffer = implode( PHP_EOL, $cleanContent );
// add blocks, which should not be processed
$buffer = str_replace( array_keys( $this->tagsToIgnoreBlocks ), $this->tagsToIgnoreBlocks, $buffer );
return $buffer;
}
}
$BeautifyMyHtml = new \LBR\LbrService\BeautifyMyHtml();
$BeautifyMyHtml->setTrimTagsToIgnore( true );
//$BeautifyMyHtml->setRemoveComments(true);
echo $BeautifyMyHtml->beautify( file_get_contents( 'http://example.org' ) );
?>