我可以请求帮助。
我已经按照教程从6.3到6.3.4。在本章的最后，我似乎无法进行绿色测试。我收到三个错误。我试图理解错误的逻辑，我似乎无法找到错误的做法。
我不完全理解的反复出现的错误是'NoMethodError：对于nil的未定义方法`authenticate'：NilClass'
在线搜索无济于事。非常感谢您的帮助。
这是gemfile：
source 'https://rubygems.org'
gem 'rails', '3.2.13'
gem 'bootstrap-sass', '2.1'
gem 'bcrypt-ruby', '3.0.1'
group :development, :test do
gem 'sqlite3', '1.3.5'
gem 'rspec-rails', '2.11.0'
gem 'guard-rspec', '1.2.1'
gem 'guard-spork', '1.2.0'
gem 'childprocess', '0.3.6'
gem 'spork', '0.9.2'
end
group :development do
gem 'annotate', '2.5.0'
end
# Gems used only for assets and not required
# in production environments by default.
group :assets do
gem 'sass-rails', '3.2.5'
gem 'coffee-rails', '3.2.2'
gem 'uglifier', '1.2.3'
end
gem 'jquery-rails', '2.0.2'
group :test do
gem 'capybara', '1.1.2'
gem 'rb-inotify', '0.8.8'
gem 'libnotify', '0.5.9'
end
group :production do
gem 'pg', '0.12.2'
end
user_spec代码
require 'spec_helper'
describe User do
before do
@user = User.new(name: "Example User", email: "user@example.com", password:
"foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar")
end
subject { @user }
it { should respond_to(:name) }
it { should respond_to(:email) }
it { should respond_to(:password_digest) }
it { should respond_to(:password) }
it { should respond_to(:password_confirmation) }
it { should respond_to(:authenticate) }
it { should be_valid }
describe "when name is not present" do
before { @user.name = "" }
it { should_not be_valid }
describe "when email is not present" do
before { @user.email = "" }
it { should_not be_valid }
describe "when name is too long" do
before { @user.name = "a" * 51 }
it { should_not be_valid }
describe "when email format is invalid" do
it "should be invalid" do
addresses = %w[user@foo,com user at foo.org example.user@foo. foo@bar_baz.com foo@bar+baz.com]
addresses.each do |invalid_address|
@user.email = invalid_address
@user.should_not be_valid
end
end
end
describe "when email format is valid" do
it "should be valid" do
addresses = %w[user@foo.COM A_US-ER@f.b.org frst.lst@foo.jp a+b@baz.cn]
addresses.each do |valid_address|
@user.email = valid_address
# @user.should be_valid => this should be checked!!!
end
end
end
describe "when email address is already taken" do
before do
user_with_same_email = @user.dup
user_with_same_email.email = @user.email.upcase
user_with_same_email.save
end
it { should_not be_valid }
end
describe "when password is not present" do
before { @user.password = @user.password_confirmation = " " }
it { should_not be_valid }
end
describe "when password doesn't match confirmation" do
before { @user.password_confirmation = "mismatch" }
it { should_not be_valid }
end
describe "when password confirmation is nil" do
before { @user.password_confirmation = nil }
it { should_not be_valid }
end
describe "with a password that's too short" do
before { @user.password = @user.password_confirmation = "a" * 5 }
it { should be_invalid }
end
describe "return value of authenticate method" do
before { @user.save }
let(:found_user) { User.find_by_email(@user.email) }
describe "with valid password" do
it { should == found_user.authenticate(@user.password) }
end
describe "with invalid password" do
let(:user_for_invalid_password) { found_user.authenticate("invalid") }
it { should_not == user_for_invalid_password }
specify { user_for_invalid_password.should be_false }
end
end
end
end
end
end
这是app / models / user
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
attr_accessible :name, :email, :password, :password_confirmation
has_secure_password
before_save { |user| user.email = email.downcase }
validates :name, presence: true, length: { maximum: 50 }
VALID_EMAIL_REGEX = /\A[\w+\-.]+@[a-z\d\-.]+\.[a-z]+\z/i
validates :email, presence: true,
format: { with: VALID_EMAIL_REGEX },
uniqueness: { case_sensitive: false }
validates :password, presence: true, length: { minimum: 6 }
validates :password_confirmation, presence: true
end
最后是我运行测试套件时收到的错误：
.................FFF...................
Failures:
1) User when name is not present when email is not present when name is too long return value of authenticate method with valid password
Failure/Error: it { should == found_user.authenticate(@user.password) }
NoMethodError:
undefined method `authenticate' for nil:NilClass
# ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:100:in `block (7 levels) in <top (required)>'
2) User when name is not present when email is not present when name is too long return value of authenticate method with invalid password
Failure/Error: let(:user_for_invalid_password) { found_user.authenticate("invalid") }
NoMethodError:
undefined method `authenticate' for nil:NilClass
# ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:104:in `block (7 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:106:in `block (7 levels) in <top (required)>'
3) User when name is not present when email is not present when name is too long return value of authenticate method with invalid password
Failure/Error: let(:user_for_invalid_password) { found_user.authenticate("invalid") }
NoMethodError:
undefined method `authenticate' for nil:NilClass
# ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:104:in `block (7 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:107:in `block (7 levels) in <top (required)>'
Finished in 6.03 seconds
39 examples, 3 failures
Failed examples:
rspec ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:100 # User when name is not present when email is not present when name is too long return value of authenticate method with valid password
rspec ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:106 # User when name is not present when email is not present when name is too long return value of authenticate method with invalid password
rspec ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:107 # User when name is not present when email is not present when name is too long return value of authenticate method with invalid password
答案 0 :(得分：2)
失败＃1很容易。查看错误消息。你有一个错字。
{ should_not_be_valid } != { should_not be_valid }
↑ ↑