为什么我会收到错误,说eof不是fstream的类类型?

时间:2013-06-15 16:24:07

标签: c++ file-io

我已经打印出了主要的数组,只是为了测试这个方法是否有效。但是当我尝试在不同的课堂上做同样的事情时,我会遇到错误。

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fstream>
#include "struct.h"
#include "phoneBook.h"

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    struct contacts info[256];
    phoneTools manipulate;
    fstream phoneBook ("phoneBook.txt");

    if(!phoneBook.is_open())
    {
        cout<< "The file can not be opened";
        cout<< endl;
        cout<< "Terminating!";

        exit(1);
    }

    else
    {
        //populate array of structs
        int i = 0;
        while(!phoneBook.eof())
        {
            phoneBook>> info[i].firstName;
            phoneBook>> info[i].surName;
            phoneBook>> info[i].phoneNumber;
            phoneBook>> info[i].email;
            phoneBook>> info[i].relationship;
            i++;
        }
    }

    manipulate.addContact(info, phoneBook);
}

这是我收到错误的另一个类。我将把下面的标题和错误消息放在一起。我也意识到我可能会导入一些我没有使用的库,但我会。我还没有完成所有功能的创建。

#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fstream>
#include "struct.h"

using namespace std;

void writeStructToDatabase(struct contacts writeContact[], fstream *phoneBook)
{
    //We are passed new array of contacts
    //write this new array to the phonebook file
    int i = 0;
    while(!phoneBook->eof())
    {
        phoneBook<< writeContact[i].firstName;
        phoneBook<< writeContact[i].surName;
        phoneBook<< writeContact[i].phoneNumber;
        phoneBook<< writeContact[i].email;
        phoneBook<< writeContact[i].relationship;
        i++;
    }
}

void showPhoneBook(struct contacts print[])
{
    int num = (sizeof(print) / sizeof(*print));

    cout<< endl;
    cout<< endl;
    for(int i = 0; i < num; i++)
    {
        cout<< print[i].firstName;
        cout<< endl;

        cout<< print[i].surName;
        cout<< endl;

        cout<< print[i].phoneNumber;
        cout<< endl;

        cout<< print[i].email;
        cout<< endl;

        cout<< print[i].relationship;
        cout<< endl;
    }
    cout<< endl;
}

void addContact(struct contacts newContact[], fstream *phoneBook)
{
    int num = (sizeof(newContact) / sizeof(*newContact));

    cout<< "First Name: ";
    cin>> newContact[num].firstName;
    cout<< endl;

    cout<< "Last Name: ";
    cin>> newContact[num].surName;
    cout<< endl;

    cout<< "Phone Number: ";
    cin>> newContact[num].phoneNumber;
    cout<< endl;

    cout<< "Email: ";
    cin>> newContact[num].email;
    cout<< endl;

    cout<< "Relationship: ";
    cin>> newContact[num].relationship;
    cout<< endl;

    writeStructToDatabase(newContact, phoneBook);
}

void deleteContact(struct contacts delContact[], fstream *phoneBook)
{
    string first;
    string last;

    cout<< "First Name: ";
    cin>> first;
    cout<< endl;

    cout<< "Last Name: ";
    cin>> last;
    cout<< endl;

    int num = (sizeof(delContact)/sizeof(*delContact));

    int exit = 0;
    int i = 0;
    while(exit == 0)
    {
        if((strcmp(delContact[i].firstName, first) == 0) &&
           (strcmp(delContact[i].surName, last) == 0))
        {
            for(int j = i; j < num; j++)
            {
                delContact[j] = delContact[j+1];
            }

            exit = 1;
        }

        i++;
    }

writeStructToDatabase(delContact, phoneBook);
}

这是我的struct

的标题
#include <string.h>

using namespace std;

#ifndef STRUCT_H
#define STRUCT_H
struct contacts
{
    string firstName;
    string surName;
    string phoneNumber;
    string email;
    string relationship;
};
#endif

这是我的函数类的标题

#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

#ifndef PHONE_BOOK_H
#define PHONE_BOOK_H

//enter methods below this line
//ex. extern void getRandInteger(int max);

class phoneTools
{
    public:
    void addContact(contacts newContact[], fstream *phoneBook);
    void showPhoneBook(contacts print[]);
    void deleteContact(contacts delContact[], fstream *phoneBook);

    private:
    void writeStructToDatabase(contacts writeContact[], fstream *phoneBook);
};

//enter methods above this line

#endif /* __PHONE_BOOK_H */

现在这里是我得到的错误

phoneBook.cpp: In function ‘void writeStructToDatabase(contacts*, std::fstream*)’:
phoneBook.cpp:16: error: no match for ‘operator<<’ in ‘phoneBook << writeContact[i].contacts::firstName’
phoneBook.cpp:17: error: no match for ‘operator<<’ in ‘phoneBook << writeContact[i].contacts::surName’
phoneBook.cpp:18: error: no match for ‘operator<<’ in ‘phoneBook << writeContact[i].contacts::phoneNumber’
phoneBook.cpp:19: error: no match for ‘operator<<’ in ‘phoneBook << writeContact[i].contacts::email’
phoneBook.cpp:20: error: no match for ‘operator<<’ in ‘phoneBook << writeContact[i].contacts::relationship’
phoneBook.cpp: In function ‘void deleteContact(contacts*, std::fstream*)’:
phoneBook.cpp:97: error: cannot convert ‘std::string’ to ‘const char*’ for argument ‘1’ to ‘int strcmp(const char*, const char*)’
phoneBook.cpp:98: error: cannot convert ‘std::string’ to ‘const char*’ for argument ‘1’ to ‘int strcmp(const char*, const char*)’
phoneBookDriver.cpp: In function ‘int main()’:
phoneBookDriver.cpp:40: error: invalid conversion from ‘void*’ to ‘std::fstream*’
phoneBookDriver.cpp:40: error:   initializing argument 2 of ‘void phoneTools::addContact(contacts*, std::fstream*)’
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: phoneBook.o: No such file or directory
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: phoneBookDriver.o: No such file or directory
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: no input files

我已经搜索了最后一天试图弄清楚为什么我无法使用fstream函数,即使我导入了库,而且我能够在我的主要部分执行此操作。这是我的第一个问题,所以我希望我正确格式化。这也是夏天的乐趣。不是作业或任何东西。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

您声明的第二个版本的代码做同样的事情。它使用ifstream*类型的变量而不是ifstream类型的变量,并且您使用<<从中读取>>。如果你做了同样的事情它会起作用,但你改变了它做了一些不同的事情并且破碎了。

错误eof不是类型fstream,请仔细阅读:

phoneBook.cpp:14: error: request for member ‘eof’ in ‘phoneBook’,
    which is of non-class type ‘std::ifstream*’

它说phoneBook属于非类型ifstream*(即指针类型)并且你正在尝试使用它的一个成员,这是非常不言自明的,因为指针不是'有成员。

只需正确阅读错误,它就会告诉您错误。更仔细地阅读您的代码,您将亲眼看到第二个版本与第一个版本不同。

另外,正如comment from chris所说,执行此操作:

#ifndef __PHONE_BOOK_H

以双下划线(或下划线和大写字母)开头的名称是保留的,您不能使用它们。

执行此操作:

while(!phoneBook.eof())

在无法读取数据后,循环将退出,这不是您想要的,这是您想要的:

while(*phoneBook >> writeContact[i].firstName >> writeContact[i].surName
      >> writeContact[i].phoneNumber>> writeContact[i].email
      >> writeContact[i].relationship)

(请注意使用>>而不是<<

但为什么不让它更容易阅读和定义operator>>(std::istream&, contacts&),这样你就可以做到:

while (*phoneBook >> writeContact[i])

你还可以通过引用而不是指针传递ifstream,然后避免不正确使用指针的问题。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

phoneBook是指针使用 - &gt;代替 。 ifstream表示“输入文件流”,因此它只能从文件接收输入到您的应用程序

你必须使用“ofstream”或他们的父母“fstream” http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/fstream/fstream/