我拥有的是:
我想要的是旋转红色矩形,例如20度,但这是我最终得到的:
正如您所看到的,矩形完美旋转,但它已移动并且不再与黑色物体相匹配。
我的代码是:
context.save();
context.rotate(angle * Math.PI / 180); // in the screenshot I used angle = 20
context.translate(angle * 4, 2);
context.fillStyle = "red";
context.fillRect(x + 14, y - 16, 5, 16);
context.restore();
我想让矩形转动而不会移动它的位置。
感谢。
答案 0 :(得分:50)
听起来你想围绕其中心点旋转矩形。
红色矩形是原始的,黄色矩形围绕中心点旋转。
要做到这一点,你需要在旋转前先将context.translate
放到矩形的中心点。
// move the rotation point to the center of the rect
ctx.translate( x+width/2, y+height/2 );
// rotate the rect
ctx.rotate(degrees*Math.PI/180);
请注意,上下文现在处于旋转状态。
这意味着绘图位置[0,0]在视觉上为[x +宽度/ 2,y +高度/ 2]。
所以你必须在[-width / 2,-height / 2]处绘制旋转的矩形(而不是原始未旋转的x / y)。
// draw the rect on the transformed context
// Note: after transforming [0,0] is visually [-width/2, -height/2]
// so the rect needs to be offset accordingly when drawn
ctx.rect( -width/2, -height/2, width,height);
这是代码和小提琴:http://jsfiddle.net/m1erickson/z4p3n/
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="css/reset.css" /> <!-- reset css -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery.min.js"></script>
<style>
body{ background-color: ivory; }
canvas{border:1px solid red;}
</style>
<script>
$(function(){
var canvas=document.getElementById("canvas");
var ctx=canvas.getContext("2d");
var startX=50;
var startY=80;
// draw an unrotated reference rect
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.rect(startX,startY,100,20);
ctx.fillStyle="blue";
ctx.fill();
// draw a rotated rect
drawRotatedRect(startX,startY,100,20,45);
function drawRotatedRect(x,y,width,height,degrees){
// first save the untranslated/unrotated context
ctx.save();
ctx.beginPath();
// move the rotation point to the center of the rect
ctx.translate( x+width/2, y+height/2 );
// rotate the rect
ctx.rotate(degrees*Math.PI/180);
// draw the rect on the transformed context
// Note: after transforming [0,0] is visually [x,y]
// so the rect needs to be offset accordingly when drawn
ctx.rect( -width/2, -height/2, width,height);
ctx.fillStyle="gold";
ctx.fill();
// restore the context to its untranslated/unrotated state
ctx.restore();
}
}); // end $(function(){});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<canvas id="canvas" width=300 height=300></canvas>
</body>
</html>
答案 1 :(得分:9)
您可以使用一个简单的函数来替换翻译和旋转:
此功能可让您绘制一条从x和y开始的行,并以角度结束:
function lineToAngle(ctx, x1, y1, length, angle) {
angle *= Math.PI / 180;
var x2 = x1 + length * Math.cos(angle),
y2 = y1 + length * Math.sin(angle);
ctx.moveTo(x1, y1);
ctx.lineTo(x2, y2);
return {x: x2, y: y2};
}
用法:
lineToAngle(ctx, x, y, length, angle);
var canvas = document.querySelector('canvas'),
ctx = canvas.getContext('2d'),
x = 100, y =50, length = 40, angle = 0, dlt = -2;
(function animate() {
//clear
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
ctx.beginPath();
lineToAngle(ctx, x, y, length, angle);
ctx.lineWidth = 10;
ctx.stroke();
angle += dlt;
if (angle < -90 || angle > 0) dlt = -dlt;
requestAnimationFrame(animate);
})();
function lineToAngle(ctx, x1, y1, length, angle) {
angle *= Math.PI / 180;
var x2 = x1 + length * Math.cos(angle),
y2 = y1 + length * Math.sin(angle);
ctx.moveTo(x1, y1);
ctx.lineTo(x2, y2);
return {x: x2, y: y2};
}
body {background-color:#555557}
canvas {background:#ddd;border:1px solid #000}
<canvas></canvas>
答案 2 :(得分:0)
在矩形的特定情况下,您可以只画一条线。
在 HTML5 画布中,线条的绘制与矩形完全一样,因此,您可以使用此功能:
let canvas = document.getElementById('myCanvas')
let ctx = canvas.getContext('2d')
function drawRotatedRect(ctx, x, y, width, height, angle) {
angle *= Math.PI / 180
ctx.lineWidth = height / 2
ctx.beginPath()
ctx.moveTo(x, y)
ctx.lineTo(x + width * Math.cos(angle), y + width * Math.sin(angle))
ctx.stroke()
}
drawRotatedRect(ctx, 30, 30, 200, 100, 20)
canvas {
border: 1px solid black;
width: 100%;
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Rotated Rectangle</title>
</head>
<body>
<canvas id='myCanvas'></canvas>
</body>
</html>