使用find()模拟Eloquent模型

时间:2013-06-09 10:23:30

标签: phpunit laravel laravel-4

我正试图用Mockery模拟Eloquent模型。模型正在通过

注入Controller
__construct(Post $model){$this->model=$model}

现在我在控制器中调用find()函数

$post = $this->model->find($id);

这里是对PostsController的测试

class PostsTest extends TestCase{

      protected $mock;

      public function setUp() {
        parent::setUp();
        $this->mock = Mockery::mock('Eloquent', 'Posts'); /*According to Jeffrey Way you have to add Eloquent in this function call to be able to use certain methods from model*/
        $this->app->instance('Posts', $this->mock);
      }

      public function tearDown() {

        Mockery::close();
      }

      public function testGetEdit()
      {
        $this->mock->shouldReceive('find')->with(1)->once()->andReturn(array('id'=>1));

        $this->call('GET', 'admin/posts/edit/1');

        $this->assertViewHas('post', array('id'=>1));
      }
    }

运行PhpUnit会给我错误:

Fatal error: Using $this when not in object context in ...\www\l4\vendor\mockery\mockery\library\Mockery\Generator.php(130) : eval()'d code on line 73

这显然是因为find()被声明为静态函数。现在,代码可以正常运行,因此如何在不失败的情况下成功模拟Eloquent模型。由于我们依赖于依赖注入,我必须非静态地调用find(),否则我只能Post::find()

我提出的一个解决方案是在find()

中创建非静态BaseModel替换
public function nsFind($id, $columns = array('*'))
{
  return self::find($id, $columns);
}

但这是一个很大的痛苦,因为这个功能必须有不同的名字!

我做错了什么或你有更好的想法吗?

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

嘲弄雄辩的模型是一件非常棘手的事情。本书对此进行了介绍,但我特别指出,这是一个止损。最好使用存储库。

但是,要回答您的问题,问题是您没有在构造函数中执行模拟。这是让它发挥作用的唯一途径。这不太理想,我不推荐它。

答案 1 :(得分:2)

我认为这就是原因,Jeffrey在他的Laradvel Testing Decoded(第10章)一书中介绍了存储库。

Mockery在其自述文件中也有关于静态方法的部分,请参阅https://github.com/padraic/mockery#mocking-public-static-methods

答案 2 :(得分:1)

有一种方法可以做到这一点。 (Laravel版本为5.8)

假设您有一个基类:

<?php

namespace App\Model;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model as EloquentModel;
use Mockery\Mock;

/**
 * Base class of all model classes, to implement Observers or whatever filters you will need
 */
class Model extends EloquentModel
{

    protected static $mocks = [];

    /**
     * @return Mock
     */
    public static function getMock()
    {
        if (isset(self::$mocks[static::class])) {
            return self::$mocks[static::class];
        }
        self::$mocks[static::class] = \Mockery::mock(static::class)->makePartial()->shouldAllowMockingProtectedMethods();
        return self::$mocks[static::class];
    }

    public static function removeMock(): void
    {
        if (isset(self::$mocks[static::class])) {
            unset(self::$mocks[static::class]);
        }
    }

    public static function deleteMocks() : void
    {
        self::$mocks = [];
    }

    public static function __callStatic($method, $parameters)
    {
        /**
         * call the mock's function
         */
        if (isset(self::$mocks[static::class])) {
            return self::$mocks[static::class]->$method(...$parameters);
        }
        return parent::__callStatic($method, $parameters);
    }


}

模型将是:

<?php
namespace App\Model;

class Accounts extends Model
{
    /**
     * @var  string
     */
    protected $table = 'accounts';
    /**
     * @var  string
     */
    protected $primaryKey = 'account_id';

    /**
     * attributes not writable from outside
     * @var  mixed
     */
    protected $guarded = ['account_id'];
}

然后是一个服务类,为您提供数据库中的帐户:

<?php


namespace App\Service;

use App\Model\Accounts;

class AccountService
{
    public function getAccountById($id): ?Accounts
    {       
       return Accounts::find($id);       
    }

}

让我们谈谈该测试的有用性,但是我相信您已经掌握了它的要旨,并且看到您不再需要数据库,因为我们在“全局静态”范围内劫持了find方法。 / p>

然后测试将如下所示:

<?php
namespace Tests\Unit\Services;

use App\Model\Accounts;
use App\Service\AccountService;
use Tests\TestCase;

class AccountServiceTest extends TestCase
{
    public function testGetAccountById()
    {
        $staticGlobalAccountMock = Accounts::getMock();
        $staticGlobalAccountMock->shouldReceive('find')
                ->andReturn(new Accounts(
                        ['account_id' => 123, 
                         'account_fax' => '056772']));
        $service = new AccountService();
        $ret = $service->getAccountById(123);
        $this->assertEquals('056772',$ret->account_fax);
        //clean up all mocks or just this mock
        Accounts::deleteMocks();
    }

}