如果我知道其中的标签,我如何使用Perl的HTML模块找到div的内容?

时间:2009-11-07 07:53:16

标签: html perl html-parsing

自从我问到如何使用正则表达式解析html并得到了一些抨击(理所当然)之后,我一直在研究HTML::TreeBuilderHTML::ParserHTML::TokeParser和{{3 Perl模块。

我有这样的HTML:

<div id="listSubtitlesFilm">
  <dt id="a1">
    <a href="/45/subtitles-67624.aspx">
      .45 (2006)
    </a>
  </dt>
</div>

我想解析/45/subtitles-67624.asp,但更重要的是我想知道如何解析div的内容

我在前一个问题上得到了这个例子:

while ( my $anchor = $parser->get_tag('a') ) {
    if ( my $href = $anchor->get_attr('href') ) {
 #http://subscene.com/english/Sit-Down-Shut-Up-First-Season/subtitles-272112.aspx
        push @dnldLinks, $1 if $href =~ m!/subtitle-(\d{2,8})\.aspx!;
    }

这完全适用于此,但当我尝试编辑它并在``div`上使用它时它不起作用。这是我试过的代码:

我尝试使用此代码:

while (my $anchor = $p->get_tag("dt")) {
  if($stuff = $anchor->get_attr('a1')) {
    print $stuff."\n";
  }
}

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

您可以使用(还有另一个模块!)HTML::TreeBuilder::XPath,根据其名称,它将允许您在HTML :: TreeBuilder对象上使用XPath。

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;

use HTML::TreeBuilder::XPath;

my $root = HTML::TreeBuilder::XPath->new_from_file( "my.html");

# print $root->as_HTML; # useful to see how HTML::TreeBuilder
# understands your HTML. For example it will wrap the implied
# dl element around dt, which you need to take into account
# when writing the XPath query below

my $id= "a1";
# you need the .//dt because of the extra dl
my @divs= $root->findnodes( qq{//div[.//dt[\@id="$id"]]});

print $divs[0]->as_HTML; # or as_text

答案 1 :(得分:5)

根据HTML:

解决您的具体问题
<div id="listSubtitlesFilm">
  <dt id="a1">
    <a href="/45/subtitles-67624.aspx">
      .45 (2006)
    </a>
  </dt>
</div>

我假设您对锚文本感兴趣,即".45 (2006)",在这种情况下,但仅当锚点出现在div且ID为listSubtitlesFilm时才会生效。

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;

use HTML::TokeParser::Simple;

my $parser = HTML::TokeParser::Simple->new(handle => \*DATA);

my @dnldLinks;

while ( my $div = $parser->get_tag('div') ) {
    my $id = $div->get_attr('id');
    next unless defined($id) and $id eq 'listSubtitlesFilm';

    my $anchor = $parser->get_tag('a');
    my $href = $anchor->get_attr('href');
    next unless defined($href)
        and $href =~ m!/subtitles-(\d{2,8})\.aspx\z!;
    push @dnldLinks, [$parser->get_trimmed_text('/a'), $1];
}

use Data::Dumper;
print Dumper \@dnldLinks;


__DATA__
<div id="listSubtitlesFilm">
  <dt id="a1">
    <a href="/45/subtitles-67624.aspx">
      .45 (2006)
    </a>
  </dt>
</div>

输出:

$VAR1 = [
          [
            '.45 (2006)',
            '67624'
          ]
        ];

答案 2 :(得分:4)

使用HTML::TreeBuilder的代码:

use HTML::TreeBuilder;

my $tree = HTML::TreeBuilder->new_from_content($html);

for my $link ($tree->look_down(
  _tag => 'a', 
  href => qr{/subtitle-\d{2,8}\.aspx})
) {
  my $linkid = $link->attr('href') =~ m!/subtitle-\d{2,8}\.aspx!;
  # Scalar context gets the first, and the first is the nearest parent
  my $parent_div = $link->look_up(_tag => 'div');
  # Now the interesting bit of the link is in $linkid, the parent div ID
  # is $parent_div->id or $parent_div->attr_id, and its text is e.g.
  # $parent_div->as_trimmed_text or you can do other stuff with its content.
}

答案 3 :(得分:1)

get_attr('a1')可能应该阅读get_attr('id')并打印“a1”

我认为获取文本内容看起来像是:

while ( my $anchor = $parser->get_tag('div') ) {
  my $content = $parser-get_text('/div');
}

或者如果你的意思是链接的文本内容,那就是:

while ( my $anchor = $parser->get_tag('a') ) {
    if ( my $href = $anchor->get_attr('href') ) {
        my $content = $parser->get_text('/a');
#http://subscene.com/english/Sit-Down-Shut-Up-First-Season/subtitle-272112.aspx
        push @dnldLinks, $1 if $href =~ m!/subtitle-(\d{2,8})\.aspx!;
    }

答案 4 :(得分:1)

您需要在此处将get_attr("a1")更改为get_attr("id")get_attr (x)正在查找名为x的属性,但您要为其提供属性的值,而不是其名称。

顺便提一下,<dt>标记不是<div>,而是<dl>(定义列表)的商品标记。