我有一个WPF
应用程序,我正在使用BackgroundWorker
组件从后端检索一些数据并在UI中显示它。
BackgroundWorker
有WorkerReportsProgress = true
,因此可以定期更新用户界面。 BackgroundWorker
也有WorkerSupportsCancellation = true
,以便用户可以取消它。一切都很好!
我无法尝试实施第三种更复杂的行为。基本上,用户需要具有在任何时间启动新BackgroundWorker
任务的灵活性,包括当前正在执行的任务。如果任务当前正在执行并且启动了新任务,则需要将旧任务标记为Aborted
。 Aborted
任务与Cancelled
不同,因为Aborted
不允许进行任何进一步的UI更新。它应该“默默地取消”。
我将BackgroundWorker
包裹在AsyncTask
类中并添加了IsAborted
位。检查IsAborted
和ProgressChanged
中的RunWorkerCompleted
位会阻止进一步的UI更新。太好了!
但是,这种方法会中断,因为在启动新任务时,CurrentTask
会被AsyncTask
的新实例替换。因此,跟踪CurrentTask
。
如上所述,在TODO:
中,我几乎想要等到CurrentTask
完成中止后才开始新任务。但我知道这将提供糟糕的用户体验,因为UI线程将被阻止,直到旧任务完成。
是否有更好的方法来跟踪多个AsyncTasks
,以确保可以按需启动新的private AsyncTask CurrentTask { get; set; }
private class AsyncTask
{
private static int Ids { get; set; }
public AsyncTask()
{
Ids = Ids + 1;
this.Id = Ids;
this.BackgroundWorker = new BackgroundWorker();
this.BackgroundWorker.WorkerReportsProgress = true;
this.BackgroundWorker.WorkerSupportsCancellation = true;
}
public int Id { get; private set; }
public BackgroundWorker BackgroundWorker { get; private set; }
public bool IsAborted { get; set; }
}
void StartNewTask()
{
if (this.CurrentTask != null && this.CurrentTask.BackgroundWorker.IsBusy)
{
AbortTask();
//TODO: should we wait for CurrentTask to finish up? this will block the UI?
}
var asyncTask = new AsyncTask();
asyncTask.BackgroundWorker.DoWork += backgroundWorker_DoWork;
asyncTask.BackgroundWorker.ProgressChanged += backgroundWorker_ProgressChanged;
asyncTask.BackgroundWorker.RunWorkerCompleted += backgroundWorker_RunWorkerCompleted;
AppendText("Starting New Task: " + asyncTask.Id);
this.CurrentTask = asyncTask;
asyncTask.BackgroundWorker.RunWorkerAsync();
}
void AbortTask()
{
if (this.CurrentTask != null && this.CurrentTask.BackgroundWorker.IsBusy)
{
AppendText("Aborting Task " + this.CurrentTask.Id + "...");
this.CurrentTask.IsAborted = true;
this.CurrentTask.BackgroundWorker.CancelAsync();
}
}
void CancelTask()
{
if (this.CurrentTask != null && this.CurrentTask.BackgroundWorker.IsBusy)
{
AppendText("Cancelling Task " + this.CurrentTask.Id + "...");
this.CurrentTask.BackgroundWorker.CancelAsync();
}
}
void backgroundWorker_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
{
var backgroundWorker = (BackgroundWorker)sender;
for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
//check before making call...
if (backgroundWorker.CancellationPending)
{
e.Cancel = true;
return;
}
//simulate a call to remote service...
Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10.0));
//check before reporting any progress...
if (backgroundWorker.CancellationPending)
{
e.Cancel = true;
return;
}
backgroundWorker.ReportProgress(0);
}
}
void backgroundWorker_ProgressChanged(object sender, ProgressChangedEventArgs e)
{
if (this.CurrentTask.IsAborted)
return;
AppendText("[" + DateTime.Now.ToString("MM/dd/yyyy HH:mm:ss") + "] " + "Progress on Task: " + this.CurrentTask.Id + "...");
}
void backgroundWorker_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
{
if (this.CurrentTask.IsAborted)
return;
if (e.Cancelled)
{
AppendText("Cancelled Task: " + this.CurrentTask.Id);
}
else if (e.Error != null)
{
AppendText("Error Task: " + this.CurrentTask.Id);
}
else
{
AppendText("Completed Task: " + this.CurrentTask.Id);
}
//cleanup...
this.CurrentTask.BackgroundWorker.DoWork -= backgroundWorker_DoWork;
this.CurrentTask.BackgroundWorker.ProgressChanged -= backgroundWorker_ProgressChanged;
this.CurrentTask.BackgroundWorker.RunWorkerCompleted -= backgroundWorker_RunWorkerCompleted;
this.CurrentTask= null;
}
并且旧的正确中止而无需进一步更新UI?似乎没有一种好的方法可以跟踪CurrentTask ... TPL是否提供了更好的方法来处理我所追求的内容?
以下是我在Window类中的重要摘要:
{{1}}
答案 0 :(得分:11)
根据我的理解,你不想实际中止线程,你只是希望它继续静默工作(即不更新UI)?一种方法是保留BackgroundWorkers列表并删除它们的事件处理程序,如果它们要“中止”。
List<BackgroundWorker> allBGWorkers = new List<BackgroundWorker>();
//user creates a new bg worker.
BackgroundWorker newBGWorker = new BackgroundWorker();
//.... fill out properties
//before adding the new bg worker to the list, iterate through the list
//and ensure that the event handlers are removed from the existing ones
foreach(var bg in allBGWorkers)
{
bg.ProgressChanged -= backgroundWorker_ProgressChanged;
bg.RunWorkerCompleted -= backgroundWorker_RunWorkerCompleted;
}
//add the latest bg worker you created
allBGWorkers.Add(newBGWorker);
通过这种方式,您可以跟踪所有工人。由于List
维护订单,您将知道最新的订单(列表中的最后一个),但如果您愿意,可以在此处轻松使用Stack
。