我是Golang的新手,无法弄清楚如何使用golang的“compress / gzip”软件包。基本上,我只是想写一些文件,gzip并直接从压缩格式通过另一个脚本读取它。如果有人能给我一个如何做到这一点的例子,我真的很感激。
答案 0 :(得分:47)
所有压缩包都实现相同的接口。你会用这样的东西来压缩:
var b bytes.Buffer
w := gzip.NewWriter(&b)
w.Write([]byte("hello, world\n"))
w.Close()
这要打开包装:
r, err := gzip.NewReader(&b)
io.Copy(os.Stdout, r)
r.Close()
答案 1 :(得分:8)
对于阅读部分, .gz 文件的有用ioutil.ReadFile之类的内容可能是:
func ReadGzFile(filename string) ([]byte, error) {
fi, err := os.Open(filename)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
defer fi.Close()
fz, err := gzip.NewReader(fi)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
defer fz.Close()
s, err := ioutil.ReadAll(fz)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return s, nil
}
答案 2 :(得分:7)
与Laurent几乎相同的答案,但使用文件io:
import (
"bytes"
"compress/gzip"
"io/ioutil"
)
// ...
var b bytes.Buffer
w := gzip.NewWriter(&b)
w.Write([]byte("hello, world\n"))
w.Close() // You must close this first to flush the bytes to the buffer.
err := ioutil.WriteFile("hello_world.txt.gz", b.Bytes(), 0666)
答案 3 :(得分:4)
我决定结合其他人的想法,只提供一个完整的示例程序。显然,有很多不同的方法可以做同样的事情。这只是一种方式:
package main
import (
"compress/gzip"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"os"
)
var zipFile = "zipfile.gz"
func main() {
writeZip()
readZip()
}
func writeZip() {
handle, err := openFile(zipFile)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("[ERROR] Opening file:", err)
}
zipWriter, err := gzip.NewWriterLevel(handle, 9)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("[ERROR] New gzip writer:", err)
}
numberOfBytesWritten, err := zipWriter.Write([]byte("Hello, World!\n"))
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("[ERROR] Writing:", err)
}
err = zipWriter.Close()
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("[ERROR] Closing zip writer:", err)
}
fmt.Println("[INFO] Number of bytes written:", numberOfBytesWritten)
closeFile(handle)
}
func readZip() {
handle, err := openFile(zipFile)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("[ERROR] Opening file:", err)
}
zipReader, err := gzip.NewReader(handle)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("[ERROR] New gzip reader:", err)
}
defer zipReader.Close()
fileContents, err := ioutil.ReadAll(zipReader)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("[ERROR] ReadAll:", err)
}
fmt.Printf("[INFO] Uncompressed contents: %s\n", fileContents)
// ** Another way of reading the file **
//
// fileInfo, _ := handle.Stat()
// fileContents := make([]byte, fileInfo.Size())
// bytesRead, err := zipReader.Read(fileContents)
// if err != nil {
// fmt.Println("[ERROR] Reading gzip file:", err)
// }
// fmt.Println("[INFO] Number of bytes read from the file:", bytesRead)
closeFile(handle)
}
func openFile(fileToOpen string) (*os.File, error) {
return os.OpenFile(fileToOpen, openFileOptions, openFilePermissions)
}
func closeFile(handle *os.File) {
if handle == nil {
return
}
err := handle.Close()
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("[ERROR] Closing file:", err)
}
}
const openFileOptions int = os.O_CREATE | os.O_RDWR
const openFilePermissions os.FileMode = 0660
拥有这样的完整示例应该有助于将来参考。
答案 4 :(得分:4)
这里是解压缩gzip文件到目标文件的函数:
func UnpackGzipFile(gzFilePath, dstFilePath string) (int64, error) {
gzFile, err := os.Open(gzFilePath)
if err != nil {
return 0, fmt.Errorf("Failed to open file %s for unpack: %s", gzFilePath, err)
}
dstFile, err := os.OpenFile(dstFilePath, os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_APPEND, 0660)
if err != nil {
return 0, fmt.Errorf("Failed to create destination file %s for unpack: %s", dstFilePath, err)
}
ioReader, ioWriter := io.Pipe()
go func() { // goroutine leak is possible here
gzReader, _ := gzip.NewReader(gzFile)
// it is important to close the writer or reading from the other end of the
// pipe or io.copy() will never finish
defer func(){
gzFile.Close()
gzReader.Close()
ioWriter.Close()
}()
io.Copy(ioWriter, gzReader)
}()
written, err := io.Copy(dstFile, ioReader)
if err != nil {
return 0, err // goroutine leak is possible here
}
ioReader.Close()
dstFile.Close()
return written, nil
}
答案 5 :(得分:0)
将任何接口类型的 Go 对象压缩为输入
char buffer[32];
sprintf(buffer, "Power: %.1fW", power);
解压相同,
func compress(obj interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
var b bytes.Buffer
objBytes, err := json.Marshal(obj)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
gz := gzip.NewWriter(&b)
defer gz.Close() //NOT SUFFICIENT, DON'T DEFER WRITER OBJECTS
if _, err := gz.Write(objBytes); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
// NEED TO CLOSE EXPLICITLY
if err := gz.Close(); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return b.Bytes(), nil
}
注意,如果写入后没有关闭 Writer 对象,func decompress(obj []byte) ([]byte, error) {
r, err := gzip.NewReader(bytes.NewReader(obj))
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
defer r.Close()
res, err := ioutil.ReadAll(r)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return res, nil
}
将返回 io.EOF 或 io.ErrUnexpectedEOF。我认为 defer on Close() 会正确关闭对象,但它不会。 不要推迟写入器对象。