这是来自图像的Ascii art generator的简单脚本，我收到此错误： 我在cmd行中运行它，我使用的是Windows 7操作系统
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python33\mbwiga.py", line 251, in <module>
converter.convertImage(sys.argv[-1])
File "C:\Python33\mbwiga.py", line 228, in convertImage
self.getBlobs()
File "C:\Python33\mbwiga.py", line 190, in getBlobs
width, height = self.cat.get_width(), self.cat.get_height()
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'get_width'
以下是有人提出的完整源代码：
import sys
import pygame
NAME = sys.argv[0]
VERSION = "0.1.0" # The current version number.
HELP = """ {0} : An ASCII art generator. Version {1}
Usage:
{0} [-b BLOB_SIZE] [-p FONT_WIDTH:HEIGHT] [-c] image_filename
Commands:
-b | --blob Change the blob size used for grouping pixels. This is the width of the blob; the height is calculated by multiplying the blob size by the aspect ratio.
-p | --pixel-aspect Change the font character aspect ratio. By default this is 11:5, which seems to look nice. Change it based on the size of your font. Argument is specified in the format "WIDTH:HEIGHT". The colon is important.
-c | --colour Use colour codes in the output. {0} uses VT100 codes by default, limiting it to 8 colours, but this might be changed later.
-h | --help Shows this help.""""
.format(NAME, VERSION)
NO_IMAGE = \
""" Usage: %s [-b BLOB_SIZE] [-p FONT_WIDTH:HEIGHT] image_filename """ % (NAME)
import math
CAN_HAS_PYGAME = False
try:
import pygame
except ImportError:
sys.stderr.write("Can't use Pygame's image handling! Unable to proceed, sorry D:\n")
exit(-1)
VT100_COLOURS = {"000": "[0;30;40m",
"001": "[0;30;41m",
"010": "[0;30;42m",
"011": "[0;30;43m",
"100": "[0;30;44m",
"101": "[0;30;45m",
"110": "[0;30;46m",
"111": "[0;30;47m",
"blank": "[0m"}
VT100_COLOURS_I = {"000": "[0;40;30m",
"001": "[0;40;31m",
"010": "[0;40;32m",
"011": "[0;40;33m",
"100": "[0;40;34m",
"101": "[0;40;35m",
"110": "[0;40;36m",
"111": "[0;40;37m",
"blank": "[0m"}
# Convenient debug function.
DO_DEBUG = True
def debug(*args):
if not DO_DEBUG: return # Abort early, (but not often).
strrep = ""
for ii in args:
strrep += str(ii)
sys.stderr.write(strrep + "\n") # Write it to stderr. Niiicce.
# System init.
def init():
""" Start the necessary subsystems. """
pygame.init() # This is the only one at the moment...
# Get a section of the surface.
def getSubsurface(surf, x, y, w, h):
try:
return surf.subsurface(pygame.Rect(x, y, w, h))
except ValueError as er:
return getSubsurface(surf, x, y, w - 2, h - 2)
# The main class.
class AAGen:
""" A class to turn pictures into ASCII "art". """
def __init__(self):
""" Set things up for a default conversion. """
# Various blob settings.
self.aspectRatio = 11.0 / 5.0 # The default on my terminal.
self.blobW = 12 # The width. Also, the baseline for aspect ratio.
self.blobH = self.aspectRatio * self.blobW # The height.
self.blobList = []
self.cat = None # The currently open file.
self.chars = """#@%H(ks+i,. """ # The characters to use.
self.colour = False # Do we use colour?
def processArgs(self):
""" Process the command line arguments, and remove any pertinent ones. """
cc = 0
for ii in sys.argv[1:]:
cc += 1
if ii == "-b" or ii == "--blob":
self.setBlob(int(sys.argv[cc + 1]))
elif ii == "-p" or ii == "--pixel-aspect":
jj = sys.argv[cc + 1]
self.setAspect(float(jj.split(":")[1]) / float(jj.split(":")[0]))
elif ii == "-c" or ii == "--colour":
self.colour = True
elif ii == "-h" or ii == "--help":
print(HELP)
exit(0)
if len(sys.argv) == 1:
print(NO_IMAGE)
exit(0)
def setBlob(self, blobW):
""" Set the blob size. """
self.blobW = blobW
self.blobH = int(math.ceil(self.aspectRatio * self.blobW))
def setAspect(self, aspect):
""" Set the aspect ratio. Also adjust the blob height. """
self.aspectRatio = aspect
self.blobH = int(math.ceil(self.blobW * self.aspectRatio))
def loadImg(self, fname):
""" Loads an image into the store. """
try:
tmpSurf = pygame.image.load(fname)
except:
print("Either this is an unsupported format, or we had problems loading the file.")
return None
self.cat = tmpSurf.convert(32)
if self.cat == None:
sys.stderr.write("Problem loading the image %s. Can't convert it!\n"
% fname)
return None
def makeBlob(self, section):
""" Blob a section into a single ASCII character."""
pxArr = pygame.surfarray.pixels3d(section)
colour = [0, 0, 0]
size = 0 # The number of pixels.
# Get the density/colours.
for i in pxArr:
for j in i:
size += 1
# Add to the colour.
colour[0] += j[0]
colour[1] += j[1]
colour[2] += j[2]
# Get just the greyscale.
grey = apply(lambda x, y, z: (x + y + z) / 3 / size,
colour)
if self.colour:
# Get the 3 bit colour.
threshold = 128
nearest = ""
nearest += "1" if (colour[0] / size > threshold) else "0"
nearest += "1" if (colour[1] / size > threshold) else "0"
nearest += "1" if (colour[2] / size > threshold) else "0"
return VT100_COLOURS[nearest], grey
return grey
# We just use a nasty mean function to find the average value.
# total = 0
# for pix in pxArr.flat:
# total += pix # flat is the array as a single-dimension one.
# return total / pxArr.size # This is a bad way to do it, it loses huge amounts of precision with large blob size. However, with ASCII art...
def getBlobs(self):
""" Get a list of blob locations. """
self.blobList = [] # Null it out.
width, height = self.cat.get_width(), self.cat.get_height()
# If the image is the wrong size for blobs, add extra space.
if height % self.blobH != 0 or width % self.blobW != 0:
oldimg = self.cat
newW = width - (width % self.blobW) + self.blobW
newH = height - (height % self.blobH) + self.blobH
self.cat = pygame.Surface((newW, newH))
self.cat.fill((255, 255, 255))
self.cat.blit(oldimg, pygame.Rect(0, 0, newW, newH))
# Loop over subsections.
for row in range(0, height, int(self.blobH)):
rowItem = []
for column in range(0, width, self.blobW):
# Construct a Rect to use.
src = pygame.Rect(column, row, self.blobW, self.blobH)
# Now, append the reference.
rowItem.append(self.cat.subsurface(src))
self.blobList.append(rowItem)
return self.blobList
def getCharacter(self, value, colour = False):
""" Get the correct character for a pixel value. """
col = value[0] if colour else ""
value = value[1] if colour else value
if not 0 <= value <= 256:
sys.stderr.write("Incorrect pixel data provided! (given %d)\n"
% value)
return "E"
char = self.chars[int(math.ceil(value / len(self.chars))) % len(self.chars)]
return char + col
def convertImage(self, fname):
""" Convert an image, and print it. """
self.loadImg(fname)
self.getBlobs()
pval = "" # The output value.
# Loop and add characters.
for ii in converter.blobList:
for jj in ii:
ch = self.makeBlob(jj)
pval += self.getCharacter(ch, self.colour) # Get the character.
# Reset the colour at the end of the line.
if self.colour: pval += VT100_COLOURS["blank"]
pval += "\n" # Split it up by line.
pval = pval[:-1] # Cut out the final newline.
print(pval) # Print it.
# Main program execution.
if __name__ == "__main__":
init()
converter = AAGen()
converter.processArgs()
converter.convertImage(sys.argv[-1])
sys.exit(1)
答案 0 :(得分：0)
问题隐藏在loadImg的某处。该错误表明self.cat为None。 {97}在第97行初始化时self.cat可能会获得None，或者tmpSurf.convert(32)的结果已分配None，并且该调用的结果为Either this is an unsupported format...。在第一种情况下，您应该看到消息Problem loading the image...，在稍后的情况下，当您针对self.cat测试None时，您应该看到消息def loadImg(self, fname):
""" Loads an image into the store. """
try:
tmpSurf = pygame.image.load(fname)
except:
print("Either this is an unsupported format, or we had problems loading the file.")
return None
self.cat = tmpSurf.convert(32)
if self.cat == None:
sys.stderr.write("Problem loading the image %s. Can't convert it!\n"
% fname)
return None
：
return None顺便说一下，return与没有参数的return None完全相同。此外，可以完全删除最后一个None，因为任何函数在到达正文末尾时都会隐式返回None。
为了测试is，建议使用if self.cat is None:运算符，即# Main program execution.
if __name__ == "__main__":
init() # pygame is initialized here
converter = AAGen() # you need the converter object
converter.processArgs() # the command-line arguments are
# converted to the object attributes
converter.convertImage(sys.argv[-1]) # here the conversion happens
sys.exit(1) # this is unneccessary for the conversion
。
更新。
如果你想更进一步，你应该学习一点Python。看一下原始脚本的结尾（缩进修复）：
mbwiga.py如果原始脚本保存在if __name__ == "__main__":中，则可以将其作为脚本调用，也可以将其用作模块。在后一种情况下，test.py下方的主体不会被执行，您必须自己在调用者脚本中执行此操作。假设你有mbwiga试图这样做。假设它位于同一目录中。它必须导入mbwiga.。然后import mbwiga
mbwiga.init() # pygame is initialized here
converter = mbwiga.AAGen() # you need the converter object
# Now the converter is your own object name. It does not take the mbwiga. prefix.
# The original converter.processArgs() took the argumens from the command-line
# when mbwiga.py was called as a script. If you want to use some of the arguments
# you can set the converter object's attributes the way that is shown
# in the .processArgs() method definition. Or you can call it the same way to
# extract the information from the command line passed when you called the test.py
#
converter.processArgs()
# Now the conversion
converter.convertImage('myImageFilename.xxx') # here the conversion happens
成为模块内部功能的前缀。您的代码可能如下所示：
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