Question

我试图以与时钟指针相同的方式绘制一条线，但是当我运行程序时，线条移动20度然后程序被冻结，我可以读到：“ValueError：math domain error “
这是我写的代码：

import pygame
import sys
import time
import math

from pygame.locals import *
pygame.init()
windowSurface = pygame.display.set_mode((300, 600), 0, 32)
pygame.display.set_caption("circle_line")

BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
WHITE = (250, 250, 250)


R = 50
CIRCLE_LINE_START_X = 150
CIRCLE_LINE_START_Y = 300
CIRCLE_LINE_END_X = CIRCLE_LINE_START_X
CIRCLE_LINE_END_Y = CIRCLE_LINE_START_Y - R


MOVE_SPEED = 3




while True:
    for event in pygame.event.get(): 
        if event.type == QUIT: 
            pygame.quit() 
            sys.exit()



    if CIRCLE_LINE_END_X <= CIRCLE_LINE_START_X and CIRCLE_LINE_END_Y <= CIRCLE_LINE_START_Y :
        CIRCLE_LINE_END_X -= MOVE_SPEED
        CIRCLE_LINE_END_Y = math.sqrt(R**2 - ((CIRCLE_LINE_END_X - CIRCLE_LINE_START_X)**2)) + CIRCLE_LINE_START_Y

    if CIRCLE_LINE_END_X <= CIRCLE_LINE_START_X and CIRCLE_LINE_END_Y >= CIRCLE_LINE_START_Y :
        CIRCLE_LINE_END_X += MOVE_SPEED
        CIRCLE_LINE_END_Y = math.sqrt(R**2 - ((CIRCLE_LINE_END_X - CIRCLE_LINE_START_X)**2)) + CIRCLE_LINE_START_Y

    if CIRCLE_LINE_END_X >= CIRCLE_LINE_START_X and CIRCLE_LINE_END_Y >= CIRCLE_LINE_START_Y :
        CIRCLE_LINE_END_X += MOVE_SPEED
        CIRCLE_LINE_END_Y = math.sqrt(R**2 - ((CIRCLE_LINE_END_X - CIRCLE_LINE_START_X)**2)) + CIRCLE_LINE_START_Y

    if CIRCLE_LINE_END_X >= CIRCLE_LINE_START_X and CIRCLE_LINE_END_Y <= CIRCLE_LINE_START_Y :
        CIRCLE_LINE_END_X -= MOVE_SPEED
        CIRCLE_LINE_END_Y = math.sqrt(R**2 - ((CIRCLE_LINE_END_X - CIRCLE_LINE_START_X)**2)) + CIRCLE_LINE_START_Y




    windowSurface.fill(WHITE) 
    pygame.draw.line(windowSurface, BLACK, (CIRCLE_LINE_START_X, CIRCLE_LINE_START_Y), (CIRCLE_LINE_END_X, CIRCLE_LINE_END_Y), 3)

    pygame.display.update()
    time.sleep(0.02)

任何有助于找出我的错误的帮助将不胜感激。

谢谢。

Answer 1

此错误是因为您正在尝试计算负数的平方根，具体而言是R**2 - ((CIRCLE_LINE_END_X - CIRCLE_LINE_START_X)**2)的结果。

但是，如果你想根据圆周运动绘制一些东西，我建议你使用一个名为DEGREES的变量，并在每次迭代中递增它。然后，您可以使用math.sin和math.cos根据角度计算距离。

Answer 2

我在我使用的算法中进行了一些调制，这段代码与上面的代码相比给出了可接受的结果，这里是有趣的代码：

import pygame
import sys
import time
import math

from pygame.locals import *
pygame.init()
windowSurface = pygame.display.set_mode((300, 600), 0, 32)
pygame.display.set_caption("circle_line")

BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
WHITE = (250, 250, 250)


R = 50
CIRCLE_LINE_START_X = 150
CIRCLE_LINE_START_Y = 300
MIN_X = CIRCLE_LINE_START_X - R
MAX_X = CIRCLE_LINE_START_X + R
CIRCLE_LINE_END_X = MIN_X 
CIRCLE_LINE_END_Y = math.sqrt(R**2 - ((CIRCLE_LINE_END_X - CIRCLE_LINE_START_X)**2)) + CIRCLE_LINE_START_Y




MOVE_SPEED = 5 # has to be a number where as ( R % MOVE_SPEED = 0 )
DIRECTION = "right"



while True:
    for event in pygame.event.get(): 
        if event.type == QUIT: 
            pygame.quit() 
            sys.exit()


    if CIRCLE_LINE_END_X >= MAX_X   :
        CIRCLE_LINE_END_X = MAX_X
        DIRECTION = "left"


    if CIRCLE_LINE_END_X <= MIN_X  :
        CIRCLE_LINE_END_X = MIN_X
        DIRECTION = "right"

    if DIRECTION == "right":
        CIRCLE_LINE_END_X += MOVE_SPEED 
        CIRCLE_LINE_END_Y = math.sqrt(R**2 - ((CIRCLE_LINE_END_X - CIRCLE_LINE_START_X)**2)) + CIRCLE_LINE_START_Y

    if DIRECTION == "left":
        CIRCLE_LINE_END_X -= MOVE_SPEED
        CIRCLE_LINE_END_Y = CIRCLE_LINE_START_Y - math.sqrt(R**2 - ((CIRCLE_LINE_END_X - CIRCLE_LINE_START_X)**2))  



    windowSurface.fill(WHITE) 
    pygame.draw.line(windowSurface, BLACK, (CIRCLE_LINE_START_X, CIRCLE_LINE_START_Y), (CIRCLE_LINE_END_X, CIRCLE_LINE_END_Y), 3)

    pygame.display.update()
    time.sleep(0.02)

绘制一条线就像在pygame中的时钟指针一样移动

2 个答案: