首先让我解释一下我在做什么：
在Eclipse（JUNO）中创建Java项目，以便为Postgres数据库单元测试SQL。
使用Maven2作为构建工具。我有DBUnit和SQL maven插件。
目标是删除架构并重建表并在表中加载一些数据。
我已经测试了SQL，所以我知道它有效。我测试了连接，所以我知道URL是对的。
现在解决我的问题。我是Maven的新手，用于单元测试SQL。我试图关注大多数在线文档。我从例子中创造了我的pom。当Java代码编译时，构建会受到pom.xml文件中SQL工作的影响。这是我的pom.xml文件：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.premierinc.esd</groupId>
<artifactId>sqlunittest</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>sqlunittest</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<junit.version>3.8.1</junit.version>
<maven.compiler.plugin.version>2.5.1</maven.compiler.plugin.version>
<sql.maven.plugin.version>1.5</sql.maven.plugin.version>
<postgresql.jdbc.version>9.1-901.jdbc4</postgresql.jdbc.version>
</properties>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>central</id>
<name>Central Repository</name>
<url>http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url>
<layout>default</layout>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>central</id>
<name>Central Repository</name>
<url>http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url>
<layout>default</layout>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
<releases>
<updatePolicy>never</updatePolicy>
</releases>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>postgresql</groupId>
<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
<version>${postgresql.jdbc.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven.compiler.plugin.version}</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.6</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>sql-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${sql.maven.plugin.version}</version>
<dependencies>
<!-- specify the dependent jdbc driver here -->
<dependency>
<groupId>postgresql</groupId>
<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
<version>${postgresql.jdbc.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!-- common configuration shared by all executions -->
<configuration>
<driver>org.postgresql.Driver</driver>
<url>jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432:testdb</url>
<username>postgres</username>
<password>root</password>
<!-- You can comment out username/password configurations and have
maven to look them up in your settings.xml using ${settingsKey} -->
<settingsKey>sensibleKey</settingsKey>
<!--all executions are ignored if -Dmaven.test.skip=true -->
<skip>${maven.test.skip}</skip>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>drop-schema-before-test-if-any</id>
<phase>process-test-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>execute</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<!-- need another database to drop the targeted one -->
<url>jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432:postgres</url>
<autocommit>true</autocommit>
<sqlCommand>DROP SCHEMA chipen CASCADE</sqlCommand>
<!-- ignore error when database is not available -->
<onError>continue</onError>
</configuration>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>create-schema</id>
<phase>process-test-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>execute</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<autocommit>true</autocommit>
<srcFiles>
<srcFile>src/main/sql/CHI-PEN-schema.sql</srcFile>
</srcFiles>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>dbunit-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.0-beta-3</version>
<dependencies>
<!-- specify the dependent jdbc driver here -->
<dependency>
<groupId>postgresql</groupId>
<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
<version>${postgresql.jdbc.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!-- common configuration shared by all executions -->
<configuration>
<driver>org.postgresql.Driver</driver>
<url>jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432:testdb</url>
<username>postgres</username>
<password>root</password>
<!-- You can comment out username/password configurations and have
maven to look them up in your settings.xml using ${settingsKey} -->
<settingsKey>sensibleKey</settingsKey>
<!--all executions are ignored if -Dmaven.test.skip=true -->
<skip>${maven.test.skip}</skip>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>test-compile</phase>
<goals>
<goal>operation</goal>
</goals>
<!-- specific configurations -->
<configuration>
<type>CLEAN_INSERT</type>
<src>src/test/data/testdb_chipen_data.xml</src>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
任何建议或提示都将不胜感激。
提前致谢。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
我在这里以纠正的形式添加你帖子的pom。我特别删除了存储库定义，因为它们是Maven中的默认值，因此约定优于配置意味着只定义真正需要定义的内容。 此外，我已经删除了 pluginManagement 标记，因为这意味着不能真正执行它意味着定义的东西。更准确pluginManagement旨在定义插件的版本，但通常不是配置。这通常用于父pom：
<project ...>
..
<build>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
Plugin groupId, artifactId, version
</plugin>
.
</plugin>
</pluginManagement>
..
</project>
让我们回到你的pom。以下应该运行：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.premierinc.esd</groupId>
<artifactId>sqlunittest</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>sqlunittest</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<junit.version>3.8.1</junit.version>
<maven.compiler.plugin.version>2.5.1</maven.compiler.plugin.version>
<sql.maven.plugin.version>1.5</sql.maven.plugin.version>
<postgresql.jdbc.version>9.1-901.jdbc4</postgresql.jdbc.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>postgresql</groupId>
<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
<version>${postgresql.jdbc.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven.compiler.plugin.version}</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.6</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>sql-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${sql.maven.plugin.version}</version>
<dependencies>
<!-- specify the dependent jdbc driver here -->
<dependency>
<groupId>postgresql</groupId>
<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
<version>${postgresql.jdbc.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!-- common configuration shared by all executions -->
<configuration>
<driver>org.postgresql.Driver</driver>
<url>jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432:testdb</url>
<username>postgres</username>
<password>root</password>
<!-- You can comment out username/password configurations and have
maven to look them up in your settings.xml using ${settingsKey} -->
<settingsKey>sensibleKey</settingsKey>
<!--all executions are ignored if -Dmaven.test.skip=true -->
<skip>${maven.test.skip}</skip>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>drop-schema-before-test-if-any</id>
<phase>process-test-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>execute</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<!-- need another database to drop the targeted one -->
<url>jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432:postgres</url>
<autocommit>true</autocommit>
<sqlCommand>DROP SCHEMA chipen CASCADE</sqlCommand>
<!-- ignore error when database is not available -->
<onError>continue</onError>
</configuration>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>create-schema</id>
<phase>process-test-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>execute</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<autocommit>true</autocommit>
<srcFiles>
<srcFile>src/main/sql/CHI-PEN-schema.sql</srcFile>
</srcFiles>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>dbunit-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.0-beta-3</version>
<dependencies>
<!-- specify the dependent jdbc driver here -->
<dependency>
<groupId>postgresql</groupId>
<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
<version>${postgresql.jdbc.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!-- common configuration shared by all executions -->
<configuration>
<driver>org.postgresql.Driver</driver>
<url>jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432:testdb</url>
<username>postgres</username>
<password>root</password>
<!-- You can comment out username/password configurations and have
maven to look them up in your settings.xml using ${settingsKey} -->
<settingsKey>sensibleKey</settingsKey>
<!--all executions are ignored if -Dmaven.test.skip=true -->
<skip>${maven.test.skip}</skip>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>test-compile</phase>
<goals>
<goal>operation</goal>
</goals>
<!-- specific configurations -->
<configuration>
<type>CLEAN_INSERT</type>
<src>src/test/data/testdb_chipen_data.xml</src>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
除了上述内容之外，还有集成测试和不单元测试，但这是一个不同的问题/讨论。