使用Java Trie无法识别单词结尾。在递归的某个地方失败

时间:2013-05-16 09:08:15

标签: java recursion hashmap trie

我正在尝试创建自己的Java Trie版本以获得一个,并获得制作一个所需的知识,但这个项目让我感到困惑。我这里有一个非常基本的破碎特里。

我在Trie中添加了3个单词(通过使用单词的第一个字符作为键,值为附加的TrieNodes)。如果你注意到,我在TrieNode类中有print语句,以便在程序运行时检查isWord的值。我希望单词中的最后一个字符将isWord变量设置为True。从而识别一个单词的结尾(我稍后会用它来获得整个单词)。

当我第一次输入三个单词时,输出会打印每个单词的每个字母,因为它们进入Trie并正确识别哪些字符是单词结尾。

但是,如果在输入单词后立即执行,我会遍历Trie并重新打印Trie中的所有字符及其isWord状态,“Hello”中的“e”现在突然被识别为单词结尾?

我已经倾倒了好几个小时,我只是不明白为什么会这样。以下是工作代码:

package testcode;


import java.util.*;

public class TestCode {

    public static Trie t;
    public static void main (String[] args){
        t = new Trie();
        t.addWord("hello");
        t.addWord("hi");
        t.addWord("soup");
        //at this point the output correctly identifies word endings.
        t.findWords();
        /* but when iterating through the hash map it becomes evident that
        * when entering the word 'hi' the 'e' in 'hello' had its isWord variable
        * changed to true. I followed the logic and I do not see how or why this
        * is happening.
        */
    }
}

//This Trie class handles the root trie, and Trie commands.
class Trie{
    private TrieNode root;

    public Trie(){
        root = new TrieNode();
    }

    public void addWord(String word){
        root.addWord(word.toLowerCase());
    }

    public void findWords(){
        root.findWords();
    }
}

//Trie Node handles the nodes and words within the trie
class TrieNode{

    private TrieNode parent;
    private boolean isWord;
    private boolean hasChildren;
    private char character;
    private Map<Character, TrieNode> children = new HashMap<>();

    public TrieNode(){

        hasChildren = false;
        isWord = false;
    }

    public TrieNode(String word){

        this();
        addWord(word);

    }
    public void addWord(String word){

       char firstChar = word.charAt(0);


       if (children.get(firstChar) == null){

           if(word.length() > 1){

               hasChildren = true;
               children.put(firstChar, new TrieNode(word.substring(1)));
               children.get(firstChar).parent = this;
               System.out.print(firstChar + "--");
               System.out.println(isWord);
           }

           else{
               children.put(firstChar, new TrieNode());
               if(character == 'e'){
                   System.out.println("shits about to go down");
               }
               isWord = true;
               System.out.print(firstChar + "--");
               System.out.println(isWord);
           }
           children.get(firstChar).character = firstChar;
       }

       else {
           children.get(firstChar).addWord(word.substring(1));
       }
   }

    public void findWords(){
        for(Character key : children.keySet()){
            children.get(key).findWords();
            System.out.println(children.get(key).character + " -- " + isWord);     
      }
    }
}

此代码生成以下输出:

o--true
l--false
l--false
e--false
h--false
i--true
p--true
u--false
o--false
s--false
p -- true
u -- false
o -- false
s -- false
o -- true
l -- false
l -- false
e -- true    //notice the e here is now suddenly a word ending with isWord = true
i -- true
h -- false

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

存在一系列可能的问题。父母/孩子混淆,处理父节点上的叶子案例,无论是在建筑物还是在打印输出等。

我注意到你的旧词&#39;代码,您正在打印子角色父亲&#39; isWord&#39;标志即可。构建trie之间存在不期望的差异,并且存在子节点&#34;和&#34;创建子节点路径&#34; - 这样就是&#39; isWord&#39;只能在新路径上标记,而不是在现有路径上标记。建立特里似乎似乎设置了'#Word&#39;在父节点而不是叶节点上

一般而言,嵌套IF案例的意大利面很可能不可靠。代码应尽可能通用 - 将其保留在方法的主流中,除非确实确实属于IF内部。

这里的清洁&amp;正确的代码:

class TrieNode{
    private TrieNode parent;
    private boolean isWord;
    private boolean hasChildren;
    private char character;
    private Map<Character, TrieNode> children = new HashMap<>();

    public TrieNode(){
        this.hasChildren = false;
        this.isWord = false;
    }
    public TrieNode (char ch) {
        this.character = ch;
        this.hasChildren = false;
        this.isWord = false;
    }

    public void addWord (String word){
        if (word.length() == 0) {
            this.isWord = true;
            System.out.println( character + " -- " + isWord);
            return;
        }

        // represent the Child Node;
        //       --
        char firstChar = word.charAt(0);
        TrieNode child = children.get( firstChar);
        if (child == null){
            child = new TrieNode( firstChar);
            children.put( firstChar, child);
            child.parent = this;
            hasChildren = true;
        }

        // add Remaining Word;
        //      -- call for 1-length words, as 0-length at Child sets 'IsWord'!
        child.addWord( word.substring(1));

        // print building here.
        System.out.println( character + " -- " + isWord);
    }



    public void findWords(){
        for(Character key : children.keySet()){
            children.get(key).findWords();
        }
        System.out.println( character + " -- " + isWord);     
    }
}