如何为表中的每一行调用存储过程,其中一行的列是sp 的输入参数,而不使用 使用Cursor?
答案 0 :(得分:179)
一般来说,我总是寻找基于集合的方法(有时以牺牲更改架构为代价)。
但是,这段代码确实有它的位置..
-- Declare & init (2008 syntax)
DECLARE @CustomerID INT = 0
-- Iterate over all customers
WHILE (1 = 1)
BEGIN
-- Get next customerId
SELECT TOP 1 @CustomerID = CustomerID
FROM Sales.Customer
WHERE CustomerID > @CustomerId
ORDER BY CustomerID
-- Exit loop if no more customers
IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0 BREAK;
-- call your sproc
EXEC dbo.YOURSPROC @CustomerId
END
答案 1 :(得分:37)
您可以执行以下操作:按以下顺序订购表格CustomerID(使用AdventureWorks Sales.Customer
示例表),并使用WHILE循环遍历这些客户:
-- define the last customer ID handled
DECLARE @LastCustomerID INT
SET @LastCustomerID = 0
-- define the customer ID to be handled now
DECLARE @CustomerIDToHandle INT
-- select the next customer to handle
SELECT TOP 1 @CustomerIDToHandle = CustomerID
FROM Sales.Customer
WHERE CustomerID > @LastCustomerID
ORDER BY CustomerID
-- as long as we have customers......
WHILE @CustomerIDToHandle IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
-- call your sproc
-- set the last customer handled to the one we just handled
SET @LastCustomerID = @CustomerIDToHandle
SET @CustomerIDToHandle = NULL
-- select the next customer to handle
SELECT TOP 1 @CustomerIDToHandle = CustomerID
FROM Sales.Customer
WHERE CustomerID > @LastCustomerID
ORDER BY CustomerID
END
只要您可以在某些列上定义某种ORDER BY
,就可以使用任何表格。
答案 2 :(得分:25)
DECLARE @SQL varchar(max)=''
-- MyTable has fields fld1 & fld2
Select @SQL = @SQL + 'exec myproc ' + convert(varchar(10),fld1) + ','
+ convert(varchar(10),fld2) + ';'
From MyTable
EXEC (@SQL)
好的,所以我永远不会将这些代码投入生产,但它确实满足了您的要求。
答案 3 :(得分:10)
马克的答案很好(如果我能弄明白的话,我会评论它!)
我想我会指出改变循环可能会更好,因此SELECT
只存在一次(在我需要这样做的实际情况中,SELECT
非常复杂,并且写作它两次是一个有风险的维护问题。)
-- define the last customer ID handled
DECLARE @LastCustomerID INT
SET @LastCustomerID = 0
-- define the customer ID to be handled now
DECLARE @CustomerIDToHandle INT
SET @CustomerIDToHandle = 1
-- as long as we have customers......
WHILE @LastCustomerID <> @CustomerIDToHandle
BEGIN
SET @LastCustomerId = @CustomerIDToHandle
-- select the next customer to handle
SELECT TOP 1 @CustomerIDToHandle = CustomerID
FROM Sales.Customer
WHERE CustomerID > @LastCustomerId
ORDER BY CustomerID
IF @CustomerIDToHandle <> @LastCustomerID
BEGIN
-- call your sproc
END
END
答案 4 :(得分:7)
如果您可以将存储过程转换为返回表格的函数,则可以使用交叉应用。
例如,假设您有一个客户表,并且您想要计算他们的订单总和,您将创建一个带有CustomerID并返回总和的函数。
你可以这样做:
SELECT CustomerID, CustomerSum.Total
FROM Customers
CROSS APPLY ufn_ComputeCustomerTotal(Customers.CustomerID) AS CustomerSum
函数的位置如下:
CREATE FUNCTION ComputeCustomerTotal
(
@CustomerID INT
)
RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN
(
SELECT SUM(CustomerOrder.Amount) AS Total FROM CustomerOrder WHERE CustomerID = @CustomerID
)
显然,上面的例子可以在单个查询中没有用户定义的函数的情况下完成。
缺点是函数非常有限 - 存储过程的许多功能在用户定义的函数中不可用,并且将存储过程转换为函数并不总是有效。
答案 5 :(得分:6)
对于SQL Server 2005以上版本,您可以使用CROSS APPLY和表值函数执行此操作。
为了清楚起见,我指的是存储过程可以转换为表值函数的情况。
答案 6 :(得分:4)
我使用接受的答案,但另一种可能性是使用表变量来保存一组编号的值(在这种情况下只是表的ID字段)并通过行号循环使用加入表格以检索循环中动作所需的任何内容。
DECLARE @RowCnt int; SET @RowCnt = 0 -- Loop Counter
-- Use a table variable to hold numbered rows containg MyTable's ID values
DECLARE @tblLoop TABLE (RowNum int IDENTITY (1, 1) Primary key NOT NULL,
ID INT )
INSERT INTO @tblLoop (ID) SELECT ID FROM MyTable
-- Vars to use within the loop
DECLARE @Code NVarChar(10); DECLARE @Name NVarChar(100);
WHILE @RowCnt < (SELECT COUNT(RowNum) FROM @tblLoop)
BEGIN
SET @RowCnt = @RowCnt + 1
-- Do what you want here with the data stored in tblLoop for the given RowNum
SELECT @Code=Code, @Name=LongName
FROM MyTable INNER JOIN @tblLoop tL on MyTable.ID=tL.ID
WHERE tl.RowNum=@RowCnt
PRINT Convert(NVarChar(10),@RowCnt) +' '+ @Code +' '+ @Name
END
答案 7 :(得分:3)
这是上面的n3rds解决方案的变体。不需要使用ORDER BY进行排序,因为使用了MIN()。
请记住,CustomerID(或用于进度的任何其他数字列)必须具有唯一约束。此外,为了尽可能快地将CustomerID编入索引。
-- Declare & init
DECLARE @CustomerID INT = (SELECT MIN(CustomerID) FROM Sales.Customer); -- First ID
DECLARE @Data1 VARCHAR(200);
DECLARE @Data2 VARCHAR(200);
-- Iterate over all customers
WHILE @CustomerID IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
-- Get data based on ID
SELECT @Data1 = Data1, @Data2 = Data2
FROM Sales.Customer
WHERE [ID] = @CustomerID ;
-- call your sproc
EXEC dbo.YOURSPROC @Data1, @Data2
-- Get next customerId
SELECT @CustomerID = MIN(CustomerID)
FROM Sales.Customer
WHERE CustomerID > @CustomerId
END
我在需要查看的一些varchars上使用这种方法,先将它们放在临时表中,然后给它们一个ID。
答案 8 :(得分:2)
如果你不使用游标,我认为你必须在外部执行它(获取表,然后为每个语句运行,每次调用sp) 它与使用游标相同,但只在SQL之外。 为什么不使用光标?
答案 9 :(得分:1)
DELIMITER //
CREATE PROCEDURE setFakeUsers (OUT output VARCHAR(100))
BEGIN
-- define the last customer ID handled
DECLARE LastGameID INT;
DECLARE CurrentGameID INT;
DECLARE userID INT;
SET @LastGameID = 0;
-- define the customer ID to be handled now
SET @userID = 0;
-- select the next game to handle
SELECT @CurrentGameID = id
FROM online_games
WHERE id > LastGameID
ORDER BY id LIMIT 0,1;
-- as long as we have customers......
WHILE (@CurrentGameID IS NOT NULL)
DO
-- call your sproc
-- set the last customer handled to the one we just handled
SET @LastGameID = @CurrentGameID;
SET @CurrentGameID = NULL;
-- select the random bot
SELECT @userID = userID
FROM users
WHERE FIND_IN_SET('bot',baseInfo)
ORDER BY RAND() LIMIT 0,1;
-- update the game
UPDATE online_games SET userID = @userID WHERE id = @CurrentGameID;
-- select the next game to handle
SELECT @CurrentGameID = id
FROM online_games
WHERE id > LastGameID
ORDER BY id LIMIT 0,1;
END WHILE;
SET output = "done";
END;//
CALL setFakeUsers(@status);
SELECT @status;
答案 10 :(得分:1)
我通常会这样做,因为它有很多行:
(在较大的数据集上,我会使用上面提到的解决方案之一)。
答案 11 :(得分:0)
这是已经提供的答案的变体,但应该更好地执行,因为它不需要ORDER BY,COUNT或MIN / MAX。这种方法的唯一缺点是你必须创建一个临时表来保存所有的ID(假设你的CustomerID列表中有间隙)。
尽管如此,我同意@Mark Powell的观点,但总的来说,基于集合的方法应该更好。
DECLARE @tmp table (Id INT IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, CustomerID INT NOT NULL)
DECLARE @CustomerId INT
DECLARE @Id INT = 0
INSERT INTO @tmp SELECT CustomerId FROM Sales.Customer
WHILE (1=1)
BEGIN
SELECT @CustomerId = CustomerId, @Id = Id
FROM @tmp
WHERE Id = @Id + 1
IF @@rowcount = 0 BREAK;
-- call your sproc
EXEC dbo.YOURSPROC @CustomerId;
END
答案 12 :(得分:0)
如果订单很重要
--declare counter
DECLARE @CurrentRowNum BIGINT = 0;
--Iterate over all rows in [DataTable]
WHILE (1 = 1)
BEGIN
--Get next row by number of row
SELECT TOP 1 @CurrentRowNum = extendedData.RowNum
--here also you can store another values
--for following usage
--@MyVariable = extendedData.Value
FROM (
SELECT
data.*
,ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT 0)) RowNum
FROM [DataTable] data
) extendedData
WHERE extendedData.RowNum > @CurrentRowNum
ORDER BY extendedData.RowNum
--Exit loop if no more rows
IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0 BREAK;
--call your sproc
--EXEC dbo.YOURSPROC @MyVariable
END
答案 13 :(得分:0)
更好的解决方案是
- 存储过程的复制/过去代码
- 将该代码加入要再次运行它的表(对于每一行)
醇>
这是你得到一个干净的表格式输出。如果你为每一行运行SP,你会得到一个单独的查询结果,每次迭代都是丑陋的。
答案 14 :(得分:0)
我有一些生产代码,一次只能处理20名员工,下面是代码的框架。我刚刚复制了生产代码并删除了下面的内容。
ALTER procedure GetEmployees
@ClientId varchar(50)
as
begin
declare @EEList table (employeeId varchar(50));
declare @EE20 table (employeeId varchar(50));
insert into @EEList select employeeId from Employee where (ClientId = @ClientId);
-- Do 20 at a time
while (select count(*) from @EEList) > 0
BEGIN
insert into @EE20 select top 20 employeeId from @EEList;
-- Call sp here
delete @EEList where employeeId in (select employeeId from @EE20)
delete @EE20;
END;
RETURN
end
答案 15 :(得分:0)
我遇到了需要对结果集(表)执行一系列操作的情况。这些操作都是已设置的操作,因此这不是问题,但是... 我需要在多个地方这样做。因此,将相关片段放入表类型中,然后使用每个结果集填充表变量,使我可以调用sp并在需要时重复操作。
虽然这不能解决他提出的确切问题,但确实解决了如何在不使用游标的情况下对表的所有行执行操作。
@Johannes无法了解他的动机,因此这可能会或可能不会帮助他。
我的研究使我获得了这篇写得很好的文章,这是我解决方案的基础 https://codingsight.com/passing-data-table-as-parameter-to-stored-procedures/
这是设置
drop type if exists cpRootMapType
go
create type cpRootMapType as Table(
RootId1 int
, RootId2 int
)
go
drop procedure if exists spMapRoot2toRoot1
go
create procedure spMapRoot2toRoot1
(
@map cpRootMapType Readonly
)
as
update linkTable set root = root1
from linktable lt
join @map m on lt.root = root2
update comments set root = root1
from comments c
join @map m on c.root = root2
-- ever growing list of places this map would need to be applied....
-- now consolidated into one place
这是实现
... populate #matches
declare @map cpRootMapType
insert @map select rootid1, rootid2 from #matches
exec spMapRoot2toRoot1 @map
答案 16 :(得分:-1)
我喜欢做类似的事情(虽然它仍然非常类似于使用游标)
[代码]
-- Table variable to hold list of things that need looping
DECLARE @holdStuff TABLE (
id INT IDENTITY(1,1) ,
isIterated BIT DEFAULT 0 ,
someInt INT ,
someBool BIT ,
otherStuff VARCHAR(200)
)
-- Populate your @holdStuff with... stuff
INSERT INTO @holdStuff (
someInt ,
someBool ,
otherStuff
)
SELECT
1 , -- someInt - int
1 , -- someBool - bit
'I like turtles' -- otherStuff - varchar(200)
UNION ALL
SELECT
42 , -- someInt - int
0 , -- someBool - bit
'something profound' -- otherStuff - varchar(200)
-- Loop tracking variables
DECLARE @tableCount INT
SET @tableCount = (SELECT COUNT(1) FROM [@holdStuff])
DECLARE @loopCount INT
SET @loopCount = 1
-- While loop variables
DECLARE @id INT
DECLARE @someInt INT
DECLARE @someBool BIT
DECLARE @otherStuff VARCHAR(200)
-- Loop through item in @holdStuff
WHILE (@loopCount <= @tableCount)
BEGIN
-- Increment the loopCount variable
SET @loopCount = @loopCount + 1
-- Grab the top unprocessed record
SELECT TOP 1
@id = id ,
@someInt = someInt ,
@someBool = someBool ,
@otherStuff = otherStuff
FROM @holdStuff
WHERE isIterated = 0
-- Update the grabbed record to be iterated
UPDATE @holdAccounts
SET isIterated = 1
WHERE id = @id
-- Execute your stored procedure
EXEC someRandomSp @someInt, @someBool, @otherStuff
END
[/代码]
请注意,您不需要需要 temp / variable表上的标识或isIterated列,我更喜欢这样做,所以我不必删除顶部记录我遍历循环时的集合。