我有一个读取xml文件的代码。有些部分我不明白。 根据我的理解,代码将创建一个包含2个元素的xml文件, “产品”和“其他详细信息”。为什么我们只需要使用writer.WriteEndElement(); 有一次我们使用writer.WriteStartElement两次?我们不应该关闭每一个 writer.WriteStartElement语句带有writer.WriteEndElement()语句?
using System.Xml;
public class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings();
settings.Indent = true;
XmlWriter writer = XmlWriter.Create("Products.xml", settings);
writer.WriteStartDocument();
writer.WriteComment("This file is generated by the program.");
writer.WriteStartElement("Product"); // first s
writer.WriteAttributeString("ID", "001");
writer.WriteAttributeString("Name", "Soap");
writer.WriteElementString("Price", "10.00")
// Second Element
writer.WriteStartElement("OtherDetails");
writer.WriteElementString("BrandName", "X Soap");
writer.WriteElementString("Manufacturer", "X Company");
writer.WriteEndElement();
writer.WriteEndDocument();
writer.Flush();
writer.Close();
}
}
using System;
using System.Xml;
public class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create("Products.xml");
while (reader.Read())
{
if (reader.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element
&& reader.Name == "Product")
{
Console.WriteLine("ID = " + reader.GetAttribute(0));
Console.WriteLine("Name = " + reader.GetAttribute(1));
while (reader.NodeType != XmlNodeType.EndElement)
{
reader.Read();
if (reader.Name == "Price")
{
while (reader.NodeType != XmlNodeType.EndElement)
{
reader.Read();
if (reader.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Text)
{
Console.WriteLine("Price = {0:C}", Double.Parse(reader.Value));
}
}
reader.Read();
} //end if
if (reader.Name == "OtherDetails")
{
while (reader.NodeType != XmlNodeType.EndElement)
{
reader.Read();
if (reader.Name == "BrandName")
{
while (reader.NodeType != XmlNodeType.EndElement)
{
reader.Read();
if (reader.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Text)
{
Console.WriteLine("Brand Name = " + reader.Value);
}
}
reader.Read();
} //end if
if (reader.Name == "Manufacturer")
{
while (reader.NodeType != XmlNodeType.EndElement)
{
reader.Read();
if (reader.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Text)
{
Console.WriteLine("Manufacturer = " + reader.Value);
}
}
} //end if
}
} //end if
} //end while
} //end if
} //end while
}
}
我没有得到这一部分:
if (reader.Name == "OtherDetails")
{
while (reader.NodeType != XmlNodeType.EndElement)
{
reader.Read();
if (reader.Name == "BrandName")
{
while (reader.NodeType != XmlNodeType.EndElement)
{
reader.Read();
if (reader.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Text)
{
Console.WriteLine("Brand Name = " + reader.Value);
}
}
注意条件while (reader.NodeType != XmlNodeType.EndElement)
是如何使用两次的?
为什么我们不必指定
if (reader.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element for OtherDetails)
正如我们为Product所做的那样,
if (reader.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element
&& reader.Name == "OtherDetails")
{}
答案 0 :(得分:3)
回答你的第一个问题:
正如MSDN documentation for XmlWriter.WriteEndDocument()所说:
关闭所有打开的元素或属性,并将编写器重新置于“开始”状态。
因此它会自动关闭所有打开的元素。实际上,您可以完全删除对WriteEndElement()
的调用,它仍然可以正常工作。
正如人们在上面的评论中所说,你应该考虑使用Linq-to-XML。
它可以让事情变得更容易。例如,要使用Linq-to-XML从程序创建XML结构,可以执行以下操作:
var doc = new XDocument(
new XElement("Product",
new XAttribute("ID", "001"), new XAttribute("Name", "Soap"),
new XElement("Price", 10.01),
new XElement("OtherDetails",
new XElement("BrandName", "X Soap"),
new XElement("Manufacturer", "X Company"))));
File.WriteAllText("Products.xml", doc.ToString());
如果您正在从XML读取数据,则可以使用var doc = XDocument.Load("Filename.xml")
从文件加载XML,然后获取数据就像这样简单:
double price = double.Parse(doc.Descendants("Price").Single().Value);
string brandName = doc.Descendants("BrandName").Single().Value;
或者(铸造):
double price = (double) doc.Descendants("Price").Single();
string brandName = (string) doc.Descendants("BrandName").Single();
(如果您想知道我们如何能够像这样投射XElement类型的对象:这是因为a load of explict conversion operators are defined for XElement。)
答案 1 :(得分:0)
如果你需要任何前进的东西(没有阅读或研究),我就是这样做的:
我最近为WinForms的MenuStrip编写了一个自定义XML解析方法(它有数百个项目,XML是我最好的选择)。
// load the document
// I loaded mine from my C# resource file called TempResources
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(TempResources.Menu)));
// get the root element
// (var is an auto token, it becomes what ever you assign it)
var elements = doc.Root.Elements();
// iterate through the child elements
foreach (XElement node in elements)
{
// if you know the name of the attribute, you can call it
// mine was 'name'
// (if you don't know, you can call node.Attributes() - this has the name and value)
Console.WriteLine("Loading list: {0}", node.Attribute("name").Value);
// in my case, every child had additional children, and them the same
// *.Cast<XElement>() would give me the array in a datatype I can work with
// menu_recurse(...) is just a resursive helper method of mine
menu_recurse(node.Elements().Cast<XElement>().ToArray()));
}
(我的答案也可以在这里找到:Reading an XML File With Linq - 虽然遗憾的是不是Linq)
答案 2 :(得分:0)
假设您要读取xml文件,我们需要使用数据集,因为xml文件在内部使用数据集转换为数据表。使用以下代码行访问文件并将数据集与xml数据绑定。
DataSet ds=new DataSet();
ds.ReadXml(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/Labels.xml");
DataSet包含许多数据表,这些数据表的数量取决于xml文件中父子标记的数量