我试图在以下向量中找到两个值,它们接近10.预期值为10.12099196和10.63054170。您的意见将受到赞赏。
[1] 0.98799517 1.09055728 1.20383713 1.32927166 1.46857509 1.62380423 1.79743107 1.99241551 2.21226576 2.46106916 2.74346924 3.06455219 3.42958354 3.84350238 4.31005838
[16] 4.83051356 5.40199462 6.01590035 6.65715769 7.30532785 7.93823621 8.53773241 9.09570538 9.61755743 10.12099196 10.63018180 11.16783243 11.74870531 12.37719092 13.04922392
[31] 13.75661322 14.49087793 15.24414627 16.00601247 16.75709565 17.46236358 18.06882072 18.51050094 18.71908344 18.63563523 18.22123225 17.46709279 16.40246292 15.09417699 13.63404124
[46] 12.11854915 10.63054170 9.22947285 7.95056000 6.80923943 5.80717982 4.93764782 4.18947450 3.54966795 3.00499094 2.54283599 2.15165780 1.82114213 1.54222565 1.30703661
[61] 1.10879707 0.94170986 0.80084308 0.68201911 0.58171175 0.49695298 0.42525021 0.36451350 0.31299262 0.26922281 0.23197860 0.20023468 0.17313291 0.14995459 0.13009730
[76] 0.11305559 0.09840485 0.08578789 0.07490387 0.06549894 0.05735864
答案 0 :(得分:2)
如果不使用sort
,我想不出办法。但是,您可以使用partial sort
。
x[abs(x-10) %in% sort(abs(x-10), partial=1:2)[1:2]]
# [1] 9.617557 10.120992
如果多次出现相同的值,您可以在此处获取所有值。因此,您可以使用unique
打包,也可以使用match
,如下所示:
x[match(sort(abs(x-10), partial=1:2)[1:2], abs(x-10))]
# [1] 10.120992 9.617557
dput(x)
c(0.98799517, 1.09055728, 1.20383713, 1.32927166, 1.46857509,
1.62380423, 1.79743107, 1.99241551, 2.21226576, 2.46106916, 2.74346924,
3.06455219, 3.42958354, 3.84350238, 4.31005838, 4.83051356, 5.40199462,
6.01590035, 6.65715769, 7.30532785, 7.93823621, 8.53773241, 9.09570538,
9.61755743, 10.12099196, 10.6301818, 11.16783243, 11.74870531,
12.37719092, 13.04922392, 13.75661322, 14.49087793, 15.24414627,
16.00601247, 16.75709565, 17.46236358, 18.06882072, 18.51050094,
18.71908344, 18.63563523, 18.22123225, 17.46709279, 16.40246292,
15.09417699, 13.63404124, 12.11854915, 10.6305417, 9.22947285,
7.95056, 6.80923943, 5.80717982, 4.93764782, 4.1894745, 3.54966795,
3.00499094, 2.54283599, 2.1516578, 1.82114213, 1.54222565, 1.30703661,
1.10879707, 0.94170986, 0.80084308, 0.68201911, 0.58171175, 0.49695298,
0.42525021, 0.3645135, 0.31299262, 0.26922281, 0.2319786, 0.20023468,
0.17313291, 0.14995459, 0.1300973, 0.11305559, 0.09840485, 0.08578789,
0.07490387, 0.06549894, 0.05735864)
答案 1 :(得分:2)
另一个替代方案是允许用户控制“容差”以设置“接近度”,这可以通过使用一个简单的函数来完成:
close <- function(x, value, tol=NULL){
if(!is.null(tol)){
x[abs(x-10) <= tol]
} else {
x[order(abs(x-10))]
}
}
x
是值的向量,value
是亲密度的比较值,tol
是合乎逻辑的,如果是NULL
则返回所有“关闭” “按”紧密度“排序到value
的值,否则只返回符合tol
中给出的条件的值。
> close(x, value=10, tol=.7)
[1] 9.617557 10.120992 10.630182 10.630542
> close(x, value=10)
[1] 10.12099196 9.61755743 10.63018180 10.63054170 9.22947285 9.09570538 11.16783243
[8] 8.53773241 11.74870531 7.95056000 7.93823621 12.11854915 12.37719092 7.30532785
[15] 13.04922392 6.80923943 6.65715769 13.63404124 13.75661322 6.01590035 5.80717982
[22] 14.49087793 5.40199462 4.93764782 15.09417699 4.83051356 15.24414627 4.31005838
[29] 4.18947450 16.00601247 3.84350238 16.40246292 3.54966795 3.42958354 16.75709565
[36] 3.06455219 3.00499094 2.74346924 2.54283599 17.46236358 17.46709279 2.46106916
[43] 2.21226576 2.15165780 1.99241551 18.06882072 1.82114213 1.79743107 18.22123225
[50] 1.62380423 1.54222565 18.51050094 1.46857509 18.63563523 1.32927166 1.30703661
[57] 18.71908344 1.20383713 1.10879707 1.09055728 0.98799517 0.94170986 0.80084308
[64] 0.68201911 0.58171175 0.49695298 0.42525021 0.36451350 0.31299262 0.26922281
[71] 0.23197860 0.20023468 0.17313291 0.14995459 0.13009730 0.11305559 0.09840485
[78] 0.08578789 0.07490387 0.06549894 0.05735864
在第一个例子中,我将“亲密度”定义为value
与x
中每个元素之间的差异最多为0.7。在第二个示例中,函数close
返回值向量,其中第一个最接近value
中给出的值,而持续时间是来自value
的最远值。
由于我的解决方案没有像@Arun所指出的那样提供一种简单(实用)的方法来查找tol
,找到最接近的值的一种方法是设置tol=NULL
并询问确切的数字接近的值如下:
> close(x, value=10)[1:3]
[1] 10.120992 9.617557 10.630182
这显示x
中最接近10的三个值。
答案 2 :(得分:1)
我不确定你的问题是否清楚,所以这是另一种方法。要找到最接近第一个所需值的值10.12099196
,请从矢量中减去该值,取绝对值,然后找到最接近元素的索引。明确的:
delx <- abs( 10.12099196 - x)
min.index <- which.min(delx) #returns index of first minimum if there are duplicates
x[min.index] #gets you the value itself
道歉,如果这不是你问题的意图。