为了在小型Java桌面应用程序中使用日志记录,我试图深入理解某些方法的操作。我使用一个非常愚蠢的小程序来测试它们。
特别是,在测试LogManager.readConfiguration()方法的行为时,我发现了一些奇怪的东西。在所有测试中,LogManager从位于JRE目录的lib / logging.properties中的属性文件中读取其配置。此时,该文件的内容如下:
handlers=java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
myapp2.handlers=java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
myapp2.MyApp2.handlers=java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
.level=OFF
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level=ALL
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter=java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter
java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter.format=%4$s: %5$s [%1$tc]%n
myapp2.level=WARNING
myapp2.MyApp2.level=INFO
java程序的代码是:
package myapp2;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.logging.LogManager;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
public class MyApp2 {
private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(MyApp2.class.getPackage().getName());
private static final Logger LOGGER1 = Logger.getLogger(MyApp2.class.getName());
/**
* @param args the command line arguments
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
LOGGER.severe("severe at MyApp2");
LOGGER.warning("warning at MyApp2");
LOGGER.info("info at MyApp2");
LOGGER1.severe("severe1 at MyApp2");
LOGGER1.warning("warning1 at MyApp2");
LOGGER1.info("info1 at MyApp2");
LOGGER1.setLevel(null);
LOGGER1.setUseParentHandlers(false);
LOGGER1.severe("severe2 at MyApp2");
LOGGER1.warning("warning2 at MyApp2");
LOGGER1.info("info2 at MyApp2");
try {
LogManager.getLogManager().readConfiguration();
} catch (IOException ex) {
System.out.println("I/O Exception found");
} catch (SecurityException ex) {
System.out.println("Error SecurityException found");
}
LOGGER.severe("severe3 at MyApp2");
LOGGER1.severe("severe4 at MyApp2");
}
}
如果我们执行它而没有围绕readConfiguration()的try-catch,按预期工作,输出如下:
SEVERE: severe at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
SEVERE: severe at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
WARNING: warning at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
WARNING: warning at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
SEVERE: severe1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
SEVERE: severe1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
SEVERE: severe1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
WARNING: warning1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
WARNING: warning1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
WARNING: warning1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
INFO: info1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
INFO: info1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
INFO: info1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
SEVERE: severe2 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
WARNING: warning2 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
SEVERE: severe3 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
SEVERE: severe3 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
SEVERE: severe4 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:45:38 CEST 2013]
但是,如果我们使用try-catch执行,则输出为:
SEVERE: severe at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:46:51 CEST 2013]
SEVERE: severe at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:46:51 CEST 2013]
WARNING: warning at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:46:51 CEST 2013]
WARNING: warning at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:46:51 CEST 2013]
SEVERE: severe1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:46:51 CEST 2013]
SEVERE: severe1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:46:51 CEST 2013]
SEVERE: severe1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:46:51 CEST 2013]
WARNING: warning1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:46:51 CEST 2013]
WARNING: warning1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:46:51 CEST 2013]
WARNING: warning1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:46:51 CEST 2013]
INFO: info1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:46:51 CEST 2013]
INFO: info1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:46:51 CEST 2013]
INFO: info1 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:46:51 CEST 2013]
SEVERE: severe2 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:46:51 CEST 2013]
WARNING: warning2 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:46:51 CEST 2013]
SEVERE: severe3 at MyApp2 [dc. maig 08 14:46:51 CEST 2013]
读取readConfiguration()方法的API,它应该重新初始化日志记录属性并从之前命名的文件重新读取日志记录配置。如果是这样,为什么strict3只显示一次(由于程序中存在两个LOGGER并且转发行为,我希望显示两次)并且缺少strict4(我希望显示一次)?愿任何人帮我解决这个问题吗?。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
据我所知,readConfiguration
方法只有一个缺陷,我通过调试JDK代码找到了这个缺陷,因为我也错过了日志消息。它们不会加载每个记录器处理程序。如果您不使用per-logger处理程序,readConfiguration
方法应该可以正常工作。 readConfiguration
首先重置所有记录器,删除处理程序,然后忘记检查每个记录器处理程序。
因此,您错过了日志消息。您最初有三个处理程序,根处理程序,程序包上的处理程序以及类上的处理程序。然后你关闭了类上的useParentHandlers并调用了readConfiguration
。现在 - 因为useParentHandlers没有重置,可能它应该 - 并且你的per-logger处理程序不再设置,strict3只通过root处理程序记录一次,而且就不会记录strict4,因为useParentHandlers是false,所以没有回退到root处理程序已完成。
Dieter所描述的“更多错误”是顺便说一句。完全相同的问题。
如果您更喜欢使用日志记录配置文件,也可以轻松解决该问题。在调用readConfiguration
之后迭代已经存在的记录器,并为每个记录器调用LogManager.loadLoggerHandlers。在Groovy中,这将是
def logManager = LogManager.logManager
logManager.loggerNames.each {
logManager.loadLoggerHandlers logManager.getLogger(it), it, "${it}.handlers"
}
我测试了这个并且它有效。 对于Java,您必须使用反射,因为它是一个私有方法。应该像
LogManager logManager = LogManager.getLogManager();
Method loadLoggerHandlers = LogManager.class.getDeclaredMethod("loadLoggerHandlers", Logger.class, String.class, String.class);
loadLoggerHandlers.setAccessible(true);
for (String loggerName : logManager.getLoggerNames()) {
loadLoggerHandlers.invoke(logManager, logManager.getLogger(loggerName), loggerName, loggerName + ".handlers");
}
答案 1 :(得分:2)
我使用readConfiguration方法遇到了更多错误。它不是你所期望的那样。我已经创建了一个小单元测试来说明这一点:
package com.demo;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.logging.LogManager;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
/**
* @author dhubau
*/
public class LogTest {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LogTest.class.getCanonicalName());
@Test
public void testLogs() throws IOException {
logger.trace("BEFORE");
logger.debug("BEFORE");
logger.info("BEFORE");
logger.warn("BEFORE");
logger.error("BEFORE");
InputStream is = LogTest.class.getResourceAsStream("/logging.properties");
LogManager.getLogManager().readConfiguration(is);
logger.trace("AFTER");
logger.debug("AFTER");
logger.info("AFTER");
logger.warn("AFTER");
logger.error("AFTER");
}
}
启动单元测试时,将读取默认的logging.properties(将所有内容默认为INFO日志记录)。我记录每个级别一次,然后读入我自己的logging.properties文件:
# Specify the handlers to create in the root logger
handlers = java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
# Set the default logging level for the root logger
.level = INFO
# Do not use the root handlers
com.demo.useParentHandlers = false
# DEMO log handlers
com.demo.handlers = java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
# DEMO log level
com.demo.level = ALL
# Set the default logging level for new ConsoleHandler instances
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level = ALL
之后我得到以下输出:
May 24, 2013 11:27:29 AM com.demo.LogTest testLogs
INFO: BEFORE
May 24, 2013 11:27:29 AM com.demo.LogTest testLogs
WARNING: BEFORE
May 24, 2013 11:27:29 AM com.demo.LogTest testLogs
SEVERE: BEFORE
May 24, 2013 11:27:29 AM com.demo.LogTest testLogs
INFO: AFTER
May 24, 2013 11:27:29 AM com.demo.LogTest testLogs
WARNING: AFTER
May 24, 2013 11:27:29 AM com.demo.LogTest testLogs
SEVERE: AFTER
所以你看,com.demo包没有记录TRACE或DEBUG级别。当我将以下参数传递给单元测试时:
java.util.logging.config.file = C:\ TEMP \ logging.properties
它给了我以下输出:
May 24, 2013 11:27:29 AM com.demo.LogTest testLogs
FINEST: BEFORE
May 24, 2013 11:27:29 AM com.demo.LogTest testLogs
FINE: BEFORE
May 24, 2013 11:27:29 AM com.demo.LogTest testLogs
INFO: BEFORE
May 24, 2013 11:27:29 AM com.demo.LogTest testLogs
WARNING: BEFORE
May 24, 2013 11:27:29 AM com.demo.LogTest testLogs
SEVERE: BEFORE
May 24, 2013 11:27:29 AM com.demo.LogTest testLogs
INFO: AFTER
May 24, 2013 11:27:29 AM com.demo.LogTest testLogs
WARNING: AFTER
May 24, 2013 11:27:29 AM com.demo.LogTest testLogs
SEVERE: AFTER
答案 2 :(得分:1)
在JDK 9中,JDK-8033661: readConfiguration does not cleanly reinitialize the logging system已被标记为已解决。 LogManager.readConfiguration已被重新指定为仅在初始化LogManager期间设置记录器。
要在初始化后更新记录器,应该使用LogManager.updateConfiguration(java.util.function.Function)方法。可以在HandlersOnComplexResetUpdate.java测试中找到示例重映射函数:
foreach (itemDataBase item in GetComponent<technologyScript>().item)
{
if(item.itemID==id)
{
return ScriptableObject.Instantiate(item) as itemDataBase;
}
}