我正在使用我正在处理的应用中的OutOfMemoryErrors，我很难弄清楚如何修复它以及究竟是什么问题。我正在使用FragmentStatePagerAdapter，因为这似乎是最佳/推荐的替代品。我也在使用Universal Image Loader v.1.8.4。发生的情况是，当您浏览视图时，堆会增长并最终耗尽内存。这是一个小样本输出：
05-06 14:38:23.096: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_CONCURRENT freed 187K, 5% free 7532K/7868K, paused 7ms+13ms, total 37ms
05-06 14:38:23.176: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 96K, 4% free 7656K/7920K, paused 17ms, total 17ms
05-06 14:38:23.206: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed <1K, 4% free 8234K/8500K, paused 15ms, total 15ms
05-06 14:38:23.246: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_CONCURRENT freed 4K, 3% free 8262K/8500K, paused 5ms+5ms, total 31ms
05-06 14:38:23.276: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 29K, 3% free 8289K/8500K, paused 20ms, total 25ms
05-06 14:38:23.286: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed <1K, 3% free 9342K/9556K, paused 15ms, total 15ms
05-06 14:38:23.316: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_CONCURRENT freed 27K, 3% free 9327K/9556K, paused 3ms+2ms, total 22ms
05-06 14:38:24.626: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 83K, 3% free 9462K/9696K, paused 15ms, total 16ms
05-06 14:38:24.646: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 3K, 3% free 10201K/10440K, paused 16ms, total 16ms
05-06 14:38:24.666: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_CONCURRENT freed 3K, 3% free 10214K/10440K, paused 3ms+3ms, total 26ms
05-06 14:38:24.976: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 68K, 3% free 10291K/10508K, paused 16ms, total 17ms
05-06 14:38:24.986: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed <1K, 2% free 11297K/11516K, paused 15ms, total 15ms
05-06 14:38:25.016: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_CONCURRENT freed 8K, 2% free 11305K/11516K, paused 3ms+4ms, total 24ms
05-06 14:38:25.346: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_CONCURRENT freed 74K, 2% free 12458K/12680K, paused 2ms+3ms, total 23ms
05-06 14:38:25.976: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 151K, 3% free 13485K/13792K, paused 22ms, total 22ms
05-06 14:38:26.276: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_CONCURRENT freed 95K, 2% free 15384K/15636K, paused 3ms+3ms, total 26ms
05-06 14:38:27.196: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 222K, 3% free 17111K/17484K, paused 24ms, total 24ms
05-06 14:38:28.446: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 247K, 2% free 19784K/20180K, paused 22ms, total 22ms
05-06 14:38:29.396: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 248K, 2% free 23137K/23540K, paused 23ms, total 24ms
05-06 14:38:30.976: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 391K, 2% free 27770K/28308K, paused 29ms, total 29ms
05-06 14:38:33.366: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_CONCURRENT freed 516K, 2% free 33964K/34628K, paused 3ms+6ms, total 45ms
05-06 14:38:36.126: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 608K, 2% free 41164K/41920K, paused 37ms, total 37ms
05-06 14:38:38.396: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_CONCURRENT freed 598K, 2% free 48739K/49484K, paused 4ms+10ms, total 59ms
05-06 14:38:41.496: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_CONCURRENT freed 723K, 2% free 56176K/57044K, paused 2ms+13ms, total 71ms
05-06 14:38:41.496: D/dalvikvm(29322): WAIT_FOR_CONCURRENT_GC blocked 62ms
05-06 14:38:45.176: I/dalvikvm-heap(29322): Clamp target GC heap from 69.393MB to 64.000MB
05-06 14:38:45.176: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 597K, 2% free 62724K/63476K, paused 56ms, total 56ms
05-06 14:38:45.936: I/dalvikvm-heap(29322): Clamp target GC heap from 71.379MB to 64.000MB
05-06 14:38:45.936: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 216K, 1% free 64758K/65412K, paused 50ms, total 50ms
05-06 14:38:45.996: I/dalvikvm-heap(29322): Clamp target GC heap from 71.338MB to 64.000MB
05-06 14:38:45.996: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_BEFORE_OOM freed 43K, 2% free 64714K/65412K, paused 60ms, total 60ms
05-06 14:38:46.336: I/dalvikvm-heap(29322): Clamp target GC heap from 71.462MB to 64.000MB
05-06 14:38:46.336: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 139K, 2% free 64841K/65500K, paused 52ms, total 52ms
05-06 14:38:46.396: I/dalvikvm-heap(29322): Clamp target GC heap from 71.462MB to 64.000MB
05-06 14:38:46.396: D/dalvikvm(29322): GC_BEFORE_OOM freed <1K, 2% free 64840K/65500K, paused 62ms, total 62ms
首先，是的，我已经完成了很多挖掘stackoverflow和其他网站试图找出问题所在。我已经尝试了各种解决方案来回收位图，使用unbindDrawables，并尝试删除PagerAdapter的destroyItem（）中的视图/回收位图......仅举几例。这些都没有为我工作（如果需要，我可以提供更多关于我所做的事情的细节）。
因此，简而言之，我可以使用this example的修改版本（来自Google Developers网站）重现我的问题。我对它进行了一些修改以使用Universal Image Loader v.1.8.4，并且使布局稍微复杂一些，以模仿我在我正在处理的应用程序中所拥有的内容。我改变布局的原因是因为如果你使布局非常简单并且只包含图像和一些文本字段，一切似乎都能正常工作。当布局变得更复杂并且当您开始向适配器添加更多页面时，您开始遇到OOM错误。但是，我不确定这是布局或UIL的问题......请继续阅读...
我在Eclipse中运行MAT，这是它在唯一的泄漏嫌疑人报告中所说的内容（只有1个问题）：
One instance of "com.example.android.animationsdemo.ScreenSlideActivity$ScreenSlidePagerAdapter"
loaded by "dalvik.system.PathClassLoader @ 0x42124098" occupies 56,171,048 (86.62%) bytes.
The memory is accumulated in one instance of "java.lang.Object[]" loaded by "<system class loader>".
Keywords
java.lang.Object[]
dalvik.system.PathClassLoader @ 0x42124098
com.example.android.animationsdemo.ScreenSlideActivity$ScreenSlidePagerAdapter
如果您再查看Dominator Tree并展开ScreenSlidePagerAdapter，它会显示以下59个条目中的25个：
> java.util.ArrayList @ 0x4216ccf0
> java.lang.Object[60] @ 0x44b07d8
> android.app.Fragment$SavedState @ 0x439bd038
我不是这个工具的专家，我对Android和开发一般都很陌生，但看起来适配器的保存状态没有被正确清除，这就是造成OOM问题的原因（它正在节省整个视图，而不仅仅是位图）。但是，我无法弄清楚如何清除/释放/销毁/无论保存的状态数据是什么，或者我在其他地方做错了什么。我确实碰到了一个帖子，说要尝试使用.setSaveEnabled(false)，但这没有任何区别，我仍然有OOM错误。我甚至尝试覆盖适配器的saveState（）并返回null，这也没有什么区别。
这是相关的代码/配置信息，应该有希望回答大多数问题：
对于UIL，我只是使用默认配置，因为更改似乎没有什么区别：
imageLoader.init(ImageLoaderConfiguration.createDefault(this));
ScreenSlideActivity：
public class ScreenSlideActivity extends FragmentActivity {
/**
* The number of pages (wizard steps) to show in this demo.
*/
private static final String[] IMAGES = Constants.IMAGES;
/**
* The pager widget, which handles animation and allows swiping horizontally to access previous
* and next wizard steps.
*/
private ViewPager mPager;
/**
* The pager adapter, which provides the pages to the view pager widget.
*/
private PagerAdapter mPagerAdapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_screen_slide);
// Instantiate a ViewPager and a PagerAdapter.
mPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.pager);
mPagerAdapter = new ScreenSlidePagerAdapter(getFragmentManager(), IMAGES);
mPager.setSaveEnabled(false); // <--- THIS DOESN'T APPEAR TO MAKE ANY DIFFERENCE
mPager.setAdapter(mPagerAdapter);
mPager.setOnPageChangeListener(new ViewPager.SimpleOnPageChangeListener() {
@Override
public void onPageSelected(int position) {
// When changing pages, reset the action bar actions since they are dependent
// on which page is currently active. An alternative approach is to have each
// fragment expose actions itself (rather than the activity exposing actions),
// but for simplicity, the activity provides the actions in this sample.
invalidateOptionsMenu();
}
});
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_screen_slide, menu);
menu.findItem(R.id.action_previous).setEnabled(mPager.getCurrentItem() > 0);
// Add either a "next" or "finish" button to the action bar, depending on which page
// is currently selected.
MenuItem item = menu.add(Menu.NONE, R.id.action_next, Menu.NONE,
(mPager.getCurrentItem() == mPagerAdapter.getCount() - 1)
? R.string.action_finish
: R.string.action_next);
item.setShowAsAction(MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_IF_ROOM | MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_WITH_TEXT);
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case android.R.id.home:
// Navigate "up" the demo structure to the launchpad activity.
// See http://developer.android.com/design/patterns/navigation.html for more.
NavUtils.navigateUpTo(this, new Intent(this, MainActivity.class));
return true;
case R.id.action_previous:
// Go to the previous step in the wizard. If there is no previous step,
// setCurrentItem will do nothing.
mPager.setCurrentItem(mPager.getCurrentItem() - 1);
return true;
case R.id.action_next:
// Advance to the next step in the wizard. If there is no next step, setCurrentItem
// will do nothing.
mPager.setCurrentItem(mPager.getCurrentItem() + 1);
return true;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
/**
* A simple pager adapter that represents 5 {@link ScreenSlidePageFragment} objects, in
* sequence.
*/
private class ScreenSlidePagerAdapter extends FragmentStatePagerAdapter {
String[] mImages;
public ScreenSlidePagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm, String[] images) {
super(fm);
this.mImages = images;
}
@Override
public Fragment getItem(int position) {
return ScreenSlidePageFragment.create(position, mImages);
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return IMAGES.length;
}
}
}
ScreenSlidePageFragment，由上述活动调用：
public class ScreenSlidePageFragment extends Fragment {
// Universal Image Loader
private DisplayImageOptions mOptions;
protected ImageLoader mImageLoader = ImageLoader.getInstance();
/**
* The argument key for the page number this fragment represents.
*/
public static final String ARG_PAGE = "page";
public static final String ARG_IMAGES = "images";
/**
* The fragment's page number, which is set to the argument value for {@link #ARG_PAGE}.
*/
private int mPageNumber;
private String[] mImages;
/**
* Factory method for this fragment class. Constructs a new fragment for the given page number.
*/
public static ScreenSlidePageFragment create(int pageNumber, String[] images) {
ScreenSlidePageFragment fragment = new ScreenSlidePageFragment();
Bundle args = new Bundle();
args.putInt(ARG_PAGE, pageNumber);
args.putStringArray(ARG_IMAGES, images);
fragment.setArguments(args);
return fragment;
}
public ScreenSlidePageFragment() {
}
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
mPageNumber = getArguments().getInt(ARG_PAGE);
mImages = getArguments().getStringArray(ARG_IMAGES);
mOptions = new DisplayImageOptions.Builder()
.showImageForEmptyUri(R.drawable.ic_empty)
.showImageOnFail(R.drawable.ic_error)
.resetViewBeforeLoading()
.cacheOnDisc()
.imageScaleType(ImageScaleType.EXACTLY)
.bitmapConfig(Bitmap.Config.RGB_565)
.displayer(new SimpleBitmapDisplayer())
.build();
}
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// Inflate the layout containing a title and body text.
ViewGroup rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater
.inflate(R.layout.fragment_screen_slide_page, container, false);
// Set the title view to show the page number.
((TextView) rootView.findViewById(android.R.id.text1)).setText(
getString(R.string.title_template_step, mPageNumber + 1));
displayImageFile(rootView);
return rootView;
}
private void displayImageFile (ViewGroup view) {
ImageView imageView = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_image_to_display);
mImageLoader.displayImage(mImages[mPageNumber], imageView, mOptions);
}
/**
* Returns the page number represented by this fragment object.
*/
public int getPageNumber() {
return mPageNumber;
}
}
ScreenSlideActivity使用的布局activity_screen_slide.xml和ViewPager的id：
<android.support.v4.view.ViewPager xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/pager"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" />
ScreenSlidePageFragment使用的fragment_screen_slide_page.xml：
<ScrollView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/content"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >
<!-- Dummy content. -->
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="16dp" >
<TextView
android:id="@android:id/text1"
style="?android:textAppearanceLarge"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginBottom="16dp"
android:textStyle="bold" />
<TextView
style="?android:textAppearanceMedium"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:lineSpacingMultiplier="1.2"
android:text="@string/lorem_ipsum" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/item_details"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:gravity="center_vertical"
android:text="@string/item_details" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/item_type_text"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:text="@string/item_type_text" />
<Spinner
android:id="@+id/item_type"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:prompt="@string/item_type_text"
android:text="@string/item_type" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/item_name_text"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:text="@string/item_name_text" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/item_name"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:gravity="top|left"
android:hint="@string/item_name"
android:inputType="text" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/item_text_text"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:text="@string/item_text_text" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/item_text"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:ems="10"
android:gravity="top|left"
android:hint="@string/item_text"
android:inputType="textMultiLine" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/sound_edit_text"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:gravity="center_vertical"
android:text="@string/sound_edit" />
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/item_add_audio"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
android:contentDescription="@string/cd_image_add_button"
android:src="@android:drawable/ic_menu_add" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/recording_text"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
android:text="@string/recording_text" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:padding="16dp" >
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/item_play_audio"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="33"
android:contentDescription="@string/cd_play_sound_button"
android:soundEffectsEnabled="false"
android:src="@drawable/play" />
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/item_stop_audio"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="34"
android:contentDescription="@string/cd_stop_sound_button"
android:soundEffectsEnabled="false"
android:src="@drawable/stop" />
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/item_record_audio"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="33"
android:contentDescription="@string/cd_record_sound_button"
android:soundEffectsEnabled="false"
android:src="@drawable/rec" />
</LinearLayout>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/edit_image"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:gravity="center_vertical"
android:text="@string/edit_image" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/image_replace_text"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:text="@string/image_replace"
android:visibility="visible" />
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/item_image_to_display"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:adjustViewBounds="true"
android:contentDescription="@string/cd_item_image" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/item_image_effect_text"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:text="@string/item_image_effect_text" />
<Spinner
android:id="@+id/item_image_effect"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/item_text_color_text"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:text="@string/item_text_color_text" />
<Spinner
android:id="@+id/item_text_color"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/item_text_size_text"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:text="@string/item_text_size_text" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/item_text_size"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:hint="@string/item_text_size"
android:inputType="number" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/item_text_style_text"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:text="@string/item_text_style_text" />
<Spinner
android:id="@+id/item_text_style"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/item_text_alignment_text"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:text="@string/item_text_alignment_text" />
<Spinner
android:id="@+id/item_text_alignment"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/item_background_text"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:text="@string/item_background_text" />
<Spinner
android:id="@+id/item_background"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp" />
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
此外，这是我遇到的OOM错误：
05-06 16:37:59.656: E/ImageLoader(3175): null
05-06 16:37:59.656: E/ImageLoader(3175): java.lang.OutOfMemoryError
05-06 16:37:59.656: E/ImageLoader(3175): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeStream(Native Method)
05-06 16:37:59.656: E/ImageLoader(3175): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:529)
05-06 16:37:59.656: E/ImageLoader(3175): at com.nostra13.universalimageloader.core.ImageDecoder.decode(ImageDecoder.java:82)
05-06 16:37:59.656: E/ImageLoader(3175): at com.nostra13.universalimageloader.core.LoadAndDisplayImageTask.decodeImage(LoadAndDisplayImageTask.java:270)
05-06 16:37:59.656: E/ImageLoader(3175): at com.nostra13.universalimageloader.core.LoadAndDisplayImageTask.tryLoadBitmap(LoadAndDisplayImageTask.java:224)
05-06 16:37:59.656: E/ImageLoader(3175): at com.nostra13.universalimageloader.core.LoadAndDisplayImageTask.run(LoadAndDisplayImageTask.java:149)
05-06 16:37:59.656: E/ImageLoader(3175): at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1080)
05-06 16:37:59.656: E/ImageLoader(3175): at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:573)
05-06 16:37:59.656: E/ImageLoader(3175): at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:856)
为了摆脱OOM错误，我可以查看/更改哪些内容？
答案 0 :(得分：4)
原来是unbindDrawables最终解决了我的问题。不知道我之前做错了什么（太晚了...... ??? ;-)），但我跑过this post并解决了我的问题。上面提到的帖子与我见过的其他一些unbindDrawable帖子有点不同，我没有得到任何java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: removeAllViews() is not supported in AdapterView错误，就像我尝试过其他版本时一样（这可能只是我的愚蠢一部分）。
我在ScreenSildePageFragment类中实现了以下内容，它解决了我的OOM问题：
@Override
protected void onDestroy()
{
super.onDestroy();
unbindDrawables(mRootView.findViewById(R.id.content)); // <---This should be the ID of this fragments (ScreenSlidePageFragment) layout
}
private void unbindDrawables(View view)
{
if (view.getBackground() != null)
{
view.getBackground().setCallback(null);
}
if (view instanceof ViewGroup && !(view instanceof AdapterView))
{
for (int i = 0; i < ((ViewGroup) view).getChildCount(); i++)
{
unbindDrawables(((ViewGroup) view).getChildAt(i));
}
((ViewGroup) view).removeAllViews();
}
}
注意：在帖子中提到的onDestroy（）中调用unbindDrawables（）之后我没有使用System.gc();。在我测试的设备上使用它似乎没有任何真正的区别，我认为让系统管理垃圾收集可能更好。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
我遇到了类似的问题。使用getChildFragmentManager()代替getFragmentManager()来实例化适配器解决了我的问题。