我有一个每小时运行的Spring @Scheduled作业，但我发现它实际上每小时运行3次。这是显示此问题的日志输出：
2013-05-06 12:00:27,656 [pool-2-thread-1] INFO src.jobs.NotifyUsersWhenVideoAvailableJob - Emails sent from NotifyUsersWhenVideoAvailableJob: 1
2013-05-06 12:00:27,750 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO src.jobs.NotifyUsersWhenVideoAvailableJob - Emails sent from NotifyUsersWhenVideoAvailableJob: 1
2013-05-06 12:00:27,796 [pool-4-thread-1] INFO src.jobs.NotifyUsersWhenVideoAvailableJob - Emails sent from NotifyUsersWhenVideoAvailableJob: 1
这显然非常令人讨厌，因为每次此作业运行时都会发送同一封电子邮件的三个副本。
我正在使用Spring 3.1
这是我的配置：
WEB.XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
version="2.5">
<display-name>site2</display-name>
<description>Roo generated site2 application</description>
<context-param>
<param-name>defaultHtmlEscape</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:META-INF/spring/applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<filter>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter>
<filter-name>HttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter>
<filter-name>Spring OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>HttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>Spring OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>site2</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>WEB-INF/spring/webmvc-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>site2</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<session-config>
<session-timeout>120</session-timeout>
</session-config>
<error-page>
<exception-type>java.lang.Exception</exception-type>
<location>/error</location>
</error-page>
</web-app>
的applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.0.xsd">
<context:property-placeholder
location="classpath*:META-INF/spring/*.properties" />
<context:spring-configured />
<context:component-scan base-package="src">
<context:exclude-filter expression=".*_Roo_.*"
type="regex" />
<context:exclude-filter expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"
type="annotation" />
</context:component-scan>
<task:annotation-driven/>
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="packagesToScan" value="src.domain" />
<property name="mappingDirectoryLocations">
<list>
<value>classpath*:**/src.domain</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="format_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.use_sql_comments">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="webexpressionHandler" class="org.springframework.security.web.access.expression.DefaultWebSecurityExpressionHandler" />
<security:http pattern="/index.html" security="none" />
<security:http pattern="/about.html" security="none" />
<security:http pattern="/pricing.html" security="none" />
<security:http pattern="/signup.html" security="none" />
<security:http pattern="/forgotPassword.htm" security="none" />
<security:http pattern="/**.json" security="none" />
<security:http auto-config="true">
<security:intercept-url pattern="/**.htm"
access="ROLE_FREE" />
<security:intercept-url pattern="/test/**.htm"
access="ROLE_FREE" />
<security:intercept-url pattern="/admin.htm"
access="ROLE_SUPERUSER" />
<security:intercept-url pattern="/exerciseFiles/**.zip"
access="ROLE_RECOMMENDED" />
<security:form-login login-page="/login.html"
authentication-failure-handler-ref="failedLoginService"
authentication-success-handler-ref="successfulLoginService" />
<security:logout logout-success-url="/index.html"/>
</security:http>
<security:authentication-manager>
<security:authentication-provider
user-service-ref="userDetailsService" />
</security:authentication-manager>
</beans>
webmvc-config.xml中
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="src" use-default-filters="false">
<context:include-filter expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" type="annotation"/>
</context:component-scan>
<mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="applicationConversionService"/>
<mvc:resources location="/, classpath:/META-INF/web-resources/" mapping="/resources/**"/>
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<mvc:interceptors>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.theme.ThemeChangeInterceptor"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor" p:paramName="lang"/>
</mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="index"/>
<mvc:view-controller path="/uncaughtException"/>
<mvc:view-controller path="/resourceNotFound"/>
<mvc:view-controller path="/dataAccessFailure"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource" id="messageSource" p:basenames="WEB-INF/i18n/messages,WEB-INF/i18n/application" p:fallbackToSystemLocale="false"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.CookieLocaleResolver" id="localeResolver" p:cookieName="locale"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.ui.context.support.ResourceBundleThemeSource" id="themeSource"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.theme.CookieThemeResolver" id="themeResolver" p:cookieName="theme" p:defaultThemeName="standard"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver" p:defaultErrorView="uncaughtException">
<property name="exceptionMappings">
<props>
<prop key=".DataAccessException">dataAccessFailure</prop>
<prop key=".NoSuchRequestHandlingMethodException">resourceNotFound</prop>
<prop key=".TypeMismatchException">resourceNotFound</prop>
<prop key=".MissingServletRequestParameterException">resourceNotFound</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" id="multipartResolver"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver" id="viewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<bean class="src.web.ApplicationConversionServiceFactoryBean" id="applicationConversionService"/>
</beans>
这是正在执行作业的类文件：
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import src.jobs.NotifyUsersWhenVideoAvailableJob;
import src.jobs.PayAsYouGoReminderJob;
import src.jobs.RemindUsersToActivateJob;
@Service
public class ScheduledJobsService
{
@Autowired
@Qualifier("videoJob")
private NotifyUsersWhenVideoAvailableJob videoJob;
@Autowired
@Qualifier("activateJob")
private RemindUsersToActivateJob activateJob;
@Autowired
private PayAsYouGoReminderJob payAsYouGoReminderJob;
//This cron just should be set to 1 second past the hour
// as the videoJob has dates set to be ON the hour exactly
// example of good setting: @Scheduled(cron="1 0 * * * *")
@Scheduled(cron="1 0 * * * *")
public void doHourlyJobs()
{
videoJob.run();
}
@Scheduled(cron="0 0 12 * * *")
public void doDailyJobs()
{
try
{
activateJob.run();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
EmailService.sendError(e, null);
}
try
{
payAsYouGoReminderJob.run();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
EmailService.sendError(e, null);
}
}
}
* 编辑 *
在做了一些更多的讨论后，我已经缩小了（多一点）问题可能发生的地方。我无法在DEV环境中重现此问题，因此我的PROD盒子上必须有某种配置。
我的PROD框在webapps文件夹中有5个不同的Web应用程序：
我对server.xml文件进行了一些更改，现在它似乎只执行了两次而不是三次。这是新配置：
server.xml中
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ServerLifecycleListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
<GlobalNamingResources>
<Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
description="User database that can be updated and saved"
factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
</GlobalNamingResources>
<Service name="Catalina">
<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
<Host name="site1.net" appBase="webapps"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"
xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
<Alias>www.site1.net</Alias>
</Host>
<Host name="site2.net" appBase="webapps"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="false" deployOnStartup="false"
xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
<Alias>www.site2.net</Alias>
<Context path="" docBase="./site2"/>
</Host>
</Engine>
</Service>
</Server>
答案 0 :(得分：2)
如果你在server.xml中定义了两个web应用程序，并且你不小心（见下文），那么你将在servlet容器中运行两个完全独立的实例。
context.xml文件为您提供了一种区分共享内容和特定于应用程序的内容的方法。可以共享的事物的最常见示例是数据源或连接池。但这并不能真正帮助你使用Spring bean。
幸运的是，Spring为您提供了一种定义共享父应用程序上下文的方法，以便在同一容器中运行的WAR之间共享bean。这是pretty well documented在线。
不幸的是，我认为这不适用于<Host>元素。虚拟主机允许您隔离同一物理计算机上的资源，特别是可以独立管理资源。因此，如果两个应用程序都通过<task:annotation-driven/>定义任务，那么最终会有两个单独的实例。
因此，总而言之，如果您想要每个servlet容器的每个任务的单个实例，那么您需要一个共享的应用程序上下文。你可以：
<Host> <Alias>标记与单个<Host>一起使用，以支持两个单独的网址答案 1 :(得分：0)
由于在应用程序启动时多次加载ScheduledJobsService，可能会发生这种情况。
您可以通过将@PostConstruct方法添加到ScheduledJobsService并使用日志消息来检查此假设。
如果是这样，请检查您通过上下文在webmvc-config.xml和ApplicationContext.xml中加载的bean（或包）：component-scan不相交。