使用Perl逐行连接两个文件有多少种不同的方法?

时间:2009-10-28 11:46:14

标签: perl concatenation

假设file1如下所示:

bye bye
hello
thank you

file2看起来像这样:

chao
hola
gracias

所需的输出是:

bye bye chao
hello hola
thank you gracias

我自己已经提出了五种不同的方法来解决这个问题。但我认为必须有更多的方法,可能更简洁,更优雅的方式,我希望我能学到更多很酷的东西:)

以下是我迄今为止所尝试的内容,基于我从以前的问题的许多解决方案中学到的东西。此外,我正在尝试消化或内化我从Llama书中获得的知识。

代码1:

#!perl
use autodie;
use warnings;
use strict;

open my $file1,'<','c:/file1.txt';
open my $file2,'<','c:/file2.txt';

while(defined(my $line1 = <$file1>)
        and defined(my $line2 = <$file2>)){
    die "Files are different sizes!\n" unless eof(file1) == eof(file2);
    $line1 .= $line2;
    $line1 =~ s/\n/ /;
    print "$line1 \n";
}

代码2:

#!perl
use autodie;
use warnings;
use strict;

open my $file1,'<','c:/file1.txt';
my @file1 = <$file1>;

open my $file2,'<','c:/file2.txt';
my @file2 =<$file2>;

for (my $n=0; $n<=$#file1; $n++) {
    $file1[$n] .=$file2[$n];
    $file1[$n]=~s/\n/ /;
    print $file1[$n];
}

代码3:

#!perl
use autodie;
use warnings;
use strict;

open my $file1,'<','c:/file1.txt';
open my $file2,'<','c:/file2.txt';

my %hash;

while(defined(my $line1 = <$file1>)
      and defined(my $line2 = <$file2>)) {
  chomp $line1;
  chomp $line2;
  my ($key, $val) = ($line1,$line2);
  $hash{$key} = $val;
}
print map { "$_ $hash{$_}\n" } sort keys %hash;

代码4:

#!perl
use autodie;
use warnings;
use strict;

open my $file1,'<','c:/file1.txt';
open my $file2,'<','c:/file2.txt';

while(defined(my $line1 = <$file1>)
      and defined(my $line2 = <$file2>)) {
  $line1 =~ s/(.+)/$1 $line2/;
  print $line1;
}

代码5:

#!perl
use autodie;
use warnings;
use strict;

open my $file1,'<','c:/file1.txt';
my @file1 =<$file1>;

open my $file2,'<','c:/file2.txt';
my @file2 =<$file2>;

while ((@file1) && (@file2)){ 
    my $m = shift (@file1);
    chomp($m);

    my $n = shift (@file2);
    chomp($n);

    $m .=" ".$n;
    print "$m \n";
}

我尝试过这样的事情:

foreach $file1 (@file2) && foreach $file2 (@file2) {...}

但是Perl给了我一个句法错误警告。我很沮丧。但我们可以同时运行两个foreach循环吗?

一如既往地感谢任何评论,建议以及慷慨的代码共享:)

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:12)

这适用于任意数量的文件:

use strict;
use warnings;
use autodie;

my @handles = map { open my $h, '<', $_; $h } @ARGV;

while (@handles){
    @handles = grep { ! eof $_ } @handles;
    my @lines = map { my $v = <$_>; chomp $v; $v } @handles;
    print join(' ', @lines), "\n";
}

close $_ for @handles;

答案 1 :(得分:10)

最优雅的方式根本不涉及perl

paste -d' ' file1 file2

答案 2 :(得分:7)

如果我是一名高尔夫球手,我可以将@FM's answer重写为:

($,,$\)=(' ',"\n");@_=@ARGV;open $_,$_ for @_;print
map{chomp($a=<$_>);$a} @_=grep{!eof $_} @_ while @_

你可能会变成一个单行,但这只是邪恶。 ; - )

嗯,这里是100个字符以下:

C:\Temp> perl -le "$,=' ';@_=@ARGV;open $_,$_ for @_;print map{chomp($a =<$_>);$a} @_=grep{!eof $_ }@_ while @_" file1 file2

如果可以啜饮(为什么不这样做 - 我们 寻找不同的方式),我想我已经发现了疯狂的道路:

@_=@ARGV;chomp($x[$.-1]{$ARGV}=$_) && eof
and $.=0 while<>;print "@$_{@_}\n" for @x

C:\Temp> perl -e "@_=@ARGV;chomp($x[$.-1]{$ARGV}=$_) && eof and $.=0 while<>;print qq{@$_{@_}\n} for @x" file1 file2

输出:

bye bye chao
hello hola
thank you gracias

答案 3 :(得分:2)

一个简单的错误检查:

#!/usr/bin/perl -w

use strict;

open FILE1, '<file1.txt';
open FILE2, '<file2.txt';

while (defined(my $one = <FILE1>) or defined(my $twotemp = <FILE2>)){
    my $two = $twotemp ? $twotemp : <FILE2>;
    chomp $one if ($one);
    chomp $two if ($two);
    print ''.($one ? "$one " : '').($two ? $two : '')."\n";
}

不,你不能在同一个线程中同时运行两个循环,你必须fork,但不能保证同步运行。

答案 4 :(得分:2)

代码5 的更简单的替代方法,它允许任意数量的行,并且不关心文件是否有不同的行数(帽子提示@FM):

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict; use warnings;

use File::Slurp;
use List::AllUtils qw( each_arrayref );

my @lines = map [ read_file $_ ], @ARGV;

my $it = each_arrayref @lines;

while ( my @lines = grep { defined and chomp and length } $it->() ) {
    print join(' ', @lines), "\n";
}

并且,不使用任何外部模块:

#!perl
use autodie; use warnings; use strict;

my ($file1, $file2) = @ARGV;

open my $file1_h,'<', $file1;
my @file1 = grep { chomp; length } <$file1_h>;

open my $file2_h,'<', $file2;
my @file2 =  grep { chomp; length } <$file2_h>;

my $n_lines = @file1 > @file2 ? @file1 : @file2;

for my $i (0 .. $n_lines - 1) {
    my ($line1, $line2) = map {
        defined $_ ? $_ : ''
    } $file1[$i], $file2[$i];
    print $line1, ' ', $line2, "\n";
}

如果只想连接两个文件中出现的行:

#!perl
use autodie; use warnings; use strict;

my ($file1, $file2) = @ARGV;

open my $file1_h,'<', $file1;
my @file1 = grep { chomp; length } <$file1_h>;

open my $file2_h,'<', $file2;
my @file2 =  grep { chomp; length } <$file2_h>;

my $n_lines = @file1 < @file2 ? @file1 : @file2;

for my $i (0 .. $n_lines - 1) {
    print $file1[$i], ' ', $file2[$i], "\n";
}