Question

我必须开发一个程序，它在本地PC上作为服务运行，为服务器提供几个用户状态。在开始时，我必须检测用户登录和注销。

我的想法是使用ManagementEventWatcher类并查询Win32_LogonSession是否有更改通知。

我的第一个测试效果很好，这里是代码部分（这将作为服务中的线程执行）：

private readonly static WqlEventQuery qLgi = new WqlEventQuery("__InstanceCreationEvent", new TimeSpan(0, 0, 1), "TargetInstance ISA \"Win32_LogonSession\"");

public EventWatcherUser() {
}

public void DoWork() {
    ManagementEventWatcher eLgiWatcher = new ManagementEventWatcher(EventWatcherUser.qLgi);
    eLgiWatcher.EventArrived += new EventArrivedEventHandler(HandleEvent);
    eLgiWatcher.Start();
}

private void HandleEvent(object sender, EventArrivedEventArgs e)
{
    ManagementBaseObject f = (ManagementBaseObject)e.NewEvent["TargetInstance"];
    using (StreamWriter fs = new StreamWriter("C:\\status.log", true))
    {
        fs.WriteLine(f.Properties["LogonId"].Value);
    }
}

但是我有一些理解问题，我不确定这是解决这个问题的常用方法。

如果我查询Win32_LogonSession，我会收到几条记录与同一用户关联。例如，我得到这个ID 7580798和 7580829，如果我查询

{Win32_LogonSession.LogonId = X}的协会 WHERE ResultClass = Win32_UserAccount

我获得了不同ID的相同记录。（Win32_UserAccount.Domain = “PC-名称”，名称= “用户1”）

为什么有多个与同一用户的登录会话？是什么获取当前用户签名的常用方法是什么？或者更好的如何获得通知通过用户登录正确吗？
我以为我可以用同样的方式__InstanceDeletionEvent来确定用户是否注销。但我想如果事件被提出，我之后无法查询Win32_UserAccount用户名。我没错？

我正朝着正确的方向前进，还是有更好的方法？如果你能帮助我，那真是太棒了！

编辑 WTSRegisterSessionNotification类是否正确？我不知道是否可能，因为在服务中我没有窗口处理程序。

Answer 1

由于您使用的是服务，因此可以直接获取会话更改事件。

您可以注册自己以接收SERVICE_CONTROL_SESSIONCHANGE事件。特别是，您需要查找WTS_SESSION_LOGON和WTS_SESSION_LOGOFF原因。

有关相关MSDN文档的详细信息和链接，请查看this answer I wrote just yesterday。

在C＃中它更容易，因为ServiceBase已经包装了服务控制例程并将事件公开为可覆盖的OnSessionChange方法。请参阅MSDN docs for ServiceBase，并且不要忘记将CanHandleSessionChangeEvent属性设置为true以启用此方法的执行。

当框架调用OnSessionChange覆盖时，您得到的结果是SessionChangeDescription Structure，其中包含原因（注销，登录，...）和可用于获取信息的会话ID，例如，用户登录/注销（有关详细信息，请参阅我的常见答案的链接）

编辑：示例代码

 public class SimpleService : ServiceBase {
    ...
    public SimpleService()
    {
        CanPauseAndContinue = true;
        CanHandleSessionChangeEvent = true;
        ServiceName = "SimpleService";
    }

    protected override void OnSessionChange(SessionChangeDescription changeDescription)
    {
        EventLog.WriteEntry("SimpleService.OnSessionChange", DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString() +
            " - Session change notice received: " +
            changeDescription.Reason.ToString() + "  Session ID: " + 
            changeDescription.SessionId.ToString());


        switch (changeDescription.Reason)
        {
            case SessionChangeReason.SessionLogon:
                EventLog.WriteEntry("SimpleService.OnSessionChange: Logon");
                break;

            case SessionChangeReason.SessionLogoff:       
                EventLog.WriteEntry("SimpleService.OnSessionChange Logoff"); 
                break;
           ...
        }

Answer 2

您可以使用属于Windows的System Event Notification Service技术。它具有ISensLogon2 interface，提供登录/注销事件（以及其他事件，如远程会话连接）。

这是一段代码（示例控制台应用程序），演示了如何执行此操作。您可以使用来自另一台计算机的远程桌面会话对其进行测试，例如，这将触发SessionDisconnect，SessionReconnect事件等。

此代码应支持从XP到Windows 8的所有Windows版本。

添加对名为 COM + 1.0管理员类型库又称COMAdmin的COM组件的引用。

注意请确保将“嵌入互操作类型”设置为“False”，否则您将收到以下错误：“无法嵌入互操作类型'COMAdminCatalogClass'。请改用相应的接口。”< / p>

与互联网上有关在.NET中使用此技术的其他文章相反，它没有引用Sens.dll，因为它在Windows 8上似乎不存在（我不知道为什么）。然而，该技术似乎得到支持，并且SENS服务确实安装并在Windows 8上正常运行，因此您只需手动声明接口和guids（如本示例中所示），或引用在早期版本的Windows上创建的互操作程序集（它应该可以正常工作，因为guids和各种接口没有改变）。

class Program
{
    static SensEvents SensEvents { get; set; }

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        SensEvents = new SensEvents();
        SensEvents.LogonEvent += OnSensLogonEvent;
        Console.WriteLine("Waiting for events. Press [ENTER] to stop.");
        Console.ReadLine();
    }

    static void OnSensLogonEvent(object sender, SensLogonEventArgs e)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Type:" + e.Type + ", UserName:" + e.UserName + ", SessionId:" + e.SessionId);
    }
}

public sealed class SensEvents
{
    private static readonly Guid SENSGUID_EVENTCLASS_LOGON2 = new Guid("d5978650-5b9f-11d1-8dd2-00aa004abd5e");
    private Sink _sink;

    public event EventHandler<SensLogonEventArgs> LogonEvent;

    public SensEvents()
    {
        _sink = new Sink(this);
        COMAdminCatalogClass catalog = new COMAdminCatalogClass(); // need a reference to COMAdmin

        // we just need a transient subscription, for the lifetime of our application
        ICatalogCollection subscriptions = (ICatalogCollection)catalog.GetCollection("TransientSubscriptions");

        ICatalogObject subscription = (ICatalogObject)subscriptions.Add();
        subscription.set_Value("EventCLSID", SENSGUID_EVENTCLASS_LOGON2.ToString("B"));
        subscription.set_Value("SubscriberInterface", _sink);
        // NOTE: we don't specify a method name, so all methods may be called
        subscriptions.SaveChanges();
    }

    private void OnLogonEvent(SensLogonEventType type, string bstrUserName, uint dwSessionId)
    {
        EventHandler<SensLogonEventArgs> handler = LogonEvent;
        if (handler != null)
        {
            handler(this, new SensLogonEventArgs(type, bstrUserName, dwSessionId));
        }
    }

    private class Sink : ISensLogon2
    {
        private SensEvents _events;

        public Sink(SensEvents events)
        {
            _events = events;
        }

        public void Logon(string bstrUserName, uint dwSessionId)
        {
            _events.OnLogonEvent(SensLogonEventType.Logon, bstrUserName, dwSessionId);
        }

        public void Logoff(string bstrUserName, uint dwSessionId)
        {
            _events.OnLogonEvent(SensLogonEventType.Logoff, bstrUserName, dwSessionId);
        }

        public void SessionDisconnect(string bstrUserName, uint dwSessionId)
        {
            _events.OnLogonEvent(SensLogonEventType.SessionDisconnect, bstrUserName, dwSessionId);
        }

        public void SessionReconnect(string bstrUserName, uint dwSessionId)
        {
            _events.OnLogonEvent(SensLogonEventType.SessionReconnect, bstrUserName, dwSessionId);
        }

        public void PostShell(string bstrUserName, uint dwSessionId)
        {
            _events.OnLogonEvent(SensLogonEventType.PostShell, bstrUserName, dwSessionId);
        }
    }

    [ComImport, Guid("D597BAB4-5B9F-11D1-8DD2-00AA004ABD5E")]
    private interface ISensLogon2
    {
        void Logon([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] string bstrUserName, uint dwSessionId);
        void Logoff([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] string bstrUserName, uint dwSessionId);
        void SessionDisconnect([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] string bstrUserName, uint dwSessionId);
        void SessionReconnect([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] string bstrUserName, uint dwSessionId);
        void PostShell([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] string bstrUserName, uint dwSessionId);
    }
}

public class SensLogonEventArgs : EventArgs
{
    public SensLogonEventArgs(SensLogonEventType type, string userName, uint sessionId)
    {
        Type = type;
        UserName = userName;
        SessionId = sessionId;
    }

    public string UserName { get; private set; }
    public uint SessionId { get; private set; }
    public SensLogonEventType Type { get; private set; }
}

public enum SensLogonEventType
{
    Logon,
    Logoff,
    SessionDisconnect,
    SessionReconnect,
    PostShell
}

注意：右键单击Visual Studio快捷方式并单击run as administrator，确保Visual Studio正在运行管理员权限，否则在程序时将抛出System.UnauthorizedAccessException运行。

Answer 3

这是代码（所有代码都驻留在类中;在我的例子中，类继承ServiceBase）。如果您还想获取登录用户的用户名，这将非常有用。

    [DllImport("Wtsapi32.dll")]
    private static extern bool WTSQuerySessionInformation(IntPtr hServer, int sessionId, WtsInfoClass wtsInfoClass, out IntPtr ppBuffer, out int pBytesReturned);
    [DllImport("Wtsapi32.dll")]
    private static extern void WTSFreeMemory(IntPtr pointer);

    private enum WtsInfoClass
    {
        WTSUserName = 5, 
        WTSDomainName = 7,
    }

    private static string GetUsername(int sessionId, bool prependDomain = true)
    {
        IntPtr buffer;
        int strLen;
        string username = "SYSTEM";
        if (WTSQuerySessionInformation(IntPtr.Zero, sessionId, WtsInfoClass.WTSUserName, out buffer, out strLen) && strLen > 1)
        {
            username = Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(buffer);
            WTSFreeMemory(buffer);
            if (prependDomain)
            {
                if (WTSQuerySessionInformation(IntPtr.Zero, sessionId, WtsInfoClass.WTSDomainName, out buffer, out strLen) && strLen > 1)
                {
                    username = Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(buffer) + "\\" + username;
                    WTSFreeMemory(buffer);
                }
            }
        }
        return username;
    }

使用上面的代码，你可以简单地获取你所覆盖的方法中的用户名：

protected override void OnSessionChange(SessionChangeDescription changeDescription)
{
    string username = GetUsername(changeDescription.SessionId);
    //continue with any other thing you wish to do
}

注意：请记住在继承自CanHandleSessionChangeEvent = true;的类的构造函数中添加ServiceBase

Answer 4

我使用ServiceBase.OnSessionChange来捕获不同的用户事件，然后加载必要的信息。

protected override void OnSessionChange(SessionChangeDescription desc)
{
    var user = Session.Get(desc.SessionId);
}

要加载会话信息，请使用WTS_INFO_CLASS。请参阅下面的示例：

internal static class NativeMethods
{
    public enum WTS_INFO_CLASS
    {
        WTSInitialProgram,
        WTSApplicationName,
        WTSWorkingDirectory,
        WTSOEMId,
        WTSSessionId,
        WTSUserName,
        WTSWinStationName,
        WTSDomainName,
        WTSConnectState,
        WTSClientBuildNumber,
        WTSClientName,
        WTSClientDirectory,
        WTSClientProductId,
        WTSClientHardwareId,
        WTSClientAddress,
        WTSClientDisplay,
        WTSClientProtocolType,
        WTSIdleTime,
        WTSLogonTime,
        WTSIncomingBytes,
        WTSOutgoingBytes,
        WTSIncomingFrames,
        WTSOutgoingFrames,
        WTSClientInfo,
        WTSSessionInfo
    }

    [DllImport("Kernel32.dll")]
    public static extern uint WTSGetActiveConsoleSessionId();

    [DllImport("Wtsapi32.dll")]
    public static extern bool WTSQuerySessionInformation(IntPtr hServer, Int32 sessionId, WTS_INFO_CLASS wtsInfoClass, out IntPtr ppBuffer, out Int32 pBytesReturned);

    [DllImport("Wtsapi32.dll")]
    public static extern void WTSFreeMemory(IntPtr pointer);
}

public static class Status
{
    public static Byte Online
    {
        get { return 0x0; }
    }

    public static Byte Offline
    {
        get { return 0x1; }
    }

    public static Byte SignedIn
    {
        get { return 0x2; }
    }

    public static Byte SignedOff
    {
        get { return 0x3; }
    }
}

public static class Session
{
    private static readonly Dictionary<Int32, User> User = new Dictionary<Int32, User>();

    public static bool Add(Int32 sessionId)
    {
        IntPtr buffer;
        int length;

        var name = String.Empty;
        var domain = String.Empty;

        if (NativeMethods.WTSQuerySessionInformation(IntPtr.Zero, sessionId, NativeMethods.WTS_INFO_CLASS.WTSUserName, out buffer, out length) && length > 1)
        {
            name = Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(buffer);
            NativeMethods.WTSFreeMemory(buffer);
            if (NativeMethods.WTSQuerySessionInformation(IntPtr.Zero, sessionId, NativeMethods.WTS_INFO_CLASS.WTSDomainName, out buffer, out length) && length > 1)
            {
                domain = Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(buffer);
                NativeMethods.WTSFreeMemory(buffer);
            }
        }

        if (name == null || name.Length <= 0)
        {
            return false;
        }

        User.Add(sessionId, new User(name, domain));

        return true;
    }

    public static bool Remove(Int32 sessionId)
    {
        return User.Remove(sessionId);
    }

    public static User Get(Int32 sessionId)
    {
        if (User.ContainsKey(sessionId))
        {
            return User[sessionId];
        }

        return Add(sessionId) ? Get(sessionId) : null;
    }

    public static UInt32 GetActiveConsoleSessionId()
    {
        return NativeMethods.WTSGetActiveConsoleSessionId();
    }
}

public class AvailabilityChangedEventArgs : EventArgs
{
    public bool Available { get; set; }

    public AvailabilityChangedEventArgs(bool isAvailable)
    {
        Available = isAvailable;
    }
}

public class User
{
    private readonly String _name;

    private readonly String _domain;

    private readonly bool _isDomainUser;

    private bool _signedIn;

    public static EventHandler<AvailabilityChangedEventArgs> AvailabilityChanged;

    public User(String name, String domain)
    {
        _name = name;
        _domain = domain;

        if (domain.Equals("EXAMPLE.COM"))
        {
            _isDomainUser = true;
        }
        else
        {
            _isDomainUser = false;
        }
    }

    public String Name
    {
        get { return _name; }
    }

    public String Domain
    {
        get { return _domain; }
    }

    public bool IsDomainUser
    {
        get { return _isDomainUser; }
    }

    public bool IsSignedIn
    {
        get { return _signedIn; }
        set
        {
            if (_signedIn == value) return;

            _signedIn = value;

            OnAvailabilityChanged(this, new AvailabilityChangedEventArgs(IsSignedIn));
        }
    }

    protected void OnAvailabilityChanged(object sender, AvailabilityChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        if (AvailabilityChanged != null)
        {
            AvailabilityChanged(this, e);
        }
    }
}

以下代码使用来自AvailabilityChanged的静态User事件，会话状态更改后会立即触发该事件。 arg e包含特定用户。

public Main()
{
  User.AvailabilityChanged += UserAvailabilityChanged;
}

private static void UserAvailabilityChanged(object sender, AvailabilityChangedEventArgs e)
{
  var user = sender as User;

  if (user == null) return;

  System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(user.IsSignedIn);
}

从登录和注销获得通知

4 个答案: