Question

基本上，我有2个文件（.adb和.ads）。我是Ada的新手，也是如何编译2个文件的。该程序是一个基本的堆栈实现。编译.adb文件时出现了编译错误。

$ gcc -c test_adt_stack.adb
abstract_char_stack.ads:22:01: end of file expected, file can have only one compilation unit

我拥有的2个文件是：的 abstract_char_stack.ads

-----------------------------------------------------------
package Abstract_Char_Stack is
  type Stack_Type is private;
  procedure Push(Stack : in out Stack_Type;
                 Item  : in Character);
  procedure Pop (Stack : in out Stack_Type;
                 Char  : out Character);
private
  type Space_Type is array(1..8) of Character;
  type Stack_Type is record
    Space : Space_Type;
    Index : Natural := 0;
  end record;
end Abstract_Char_Stack;
-----------------------------------------------------------
package body Abstract_Char_Stack is
----------------------------------------------
  procedure Push(Stack : in out Stack_Type;
                  Item : in Character) is
  begin
    Stack.Index := Stack.Index + 1;
    Stack.Space(Stack.Index) := Item;
  end Push;
--------------------------------------------
  procedure Pop (Stack : in out Stack_Type;
                 Char  : out Character) is
  begin
    Char := Stack.Space(Stack.Index);
    Stack.Index := Stack.Index - 1;
  end Pop;
--------------------------------------------
end Abstract_Char_Stack;

另一个是 test_adt_stack.adb

-----------------------------------------------------------
with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
with Abstract_Char_Stack; use Abstract_Char_Stack;
procedure Test_ADT_Stack is
  S1 : Stack_Type;
  S2 : Stack_Type;
  Ch : Character;
begin
  Push(S1,'H'); Push(S1,'E');  
  Push(S1,'L'); Push(S1,'L');
  Push(S1,'O');                          -- S1 holds O,L,L,E,H

  for I in 1..5 loop
    Pop(S1, Ch);  
    Put(Ch);                             -- displays OLLEH
    Push(S2,Ch); 
  end loop;                              -- S2 holds H,E,L,L,O

  New_Line;
  Put_Line("Order is reversed");

  for I in 1..5 loop
    Pop(S2, Ch);
    Put(Ch);                             -- displays HELLO
  end loop;

end Test_ADT_Stack;
-----------------------------------------------------------

我做错了什么？我只想让它编译并显示它应该做的事情。这是一项研究计划的任务。但我无法编译或不知道我是否做得对。

Answer 1

问题是GNAT [和FSF GNAT是GCC使用的，IIRC]不允许在单个文件中使用多个编译单元。（这是由于他们如何管理图书馆，但对于初学者来说，这可能有点太详细了。）

解决方案，每个都需要自己的文件：

Abstract_Char_Stack规范（abstract_char_stack.ads）
Abstract_Char_Stack Body（abstract_char_stack.adb）
Test_ADT_Stack [procedure] body（test_adt_stack.adb）

Answer 2

with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
with Ada.Integer_Text_IO; use Ada.Integer_Text_IO;
-----------------------------------------------------------

procedure Test_ADT_Stack is

    enter code here

package Abstract_Char_Stack is
  type Stack_Type is private;
  procedure Push(Stack : in out Stack_Type;
                 Item  : in Character);
  procedure Pop (Stack : in out Stack_Type;
                 Char  : out Character);
private
  type Space_Type is array(1..8) of Character;
  type Stack_Type is record
    Space : Space_Type;
    Index : Natural := 0;
  end record;
  end Abstract_Char_Stack;

   use Test_ADT_Stack.Abstract_Char_Stack ;
    S1 : Stack_Type;
    S2 : Stack_Type;
    Ch : Character;

-----------------------------------------------------------
package body Abstract_Char_Stack is
----------------------------------------------
  procedure Push(Stack : in out Stack_Type;
                  Item : in Character) is
  begin
    Stack.Index := Stack.Index + 1;
    Stack.Space(Stack.Index) := Item;
  end Push;
--------------------------------------------
  procedure Pop (Stack : in out Stack_Type;
                 Char  : out Character) is
  begin
    Char := Stack.Space(Stack.Index);
    Stack.Index := Stack.Index - 1;
  end Pop;
--------------------------------------------
end Abstract_Char_Stack;


-----------------------------------------------------------
begin
  Push(S1,'H'); Push(S1,'E');  
  Push(S1,'L'); Push(S1,'L');
  Push(S1,'O');                          -- S1 holds O,L,L,E,H

  for I in 1..5 loop
    Pop(S1, Ch);  
    Put(Ch);                             -- displays OLLEH
    Push(S2,Ch); 
  end loop;                              -- S2 holds H,E,L,L,O

  New_Line;
  Put_Line("Order is reversed");

  for I in 1..5 loop
    Pop(S2, Ch);
    Put(Ch);                             -- displays HELLO
  end loop;

end Test_ADT_Stack;
-----------------------------------------------------------

Ada初学者堆栈程序

2 个答案: